无神经的

Anencephaly, the single most common open neural tube defect, is characterized by the absence of the cerebral hemispheres and the lack of bony calarium aboe the orbits Fig.

无脑畸形，最常见的单一的开放性神经管缺损，其特点是无大脑半球且没有眼眶以上的骨性颅盖（图10-37A-B和图10-37C）。胎儿有正常的中脑和后颅窝，但大脑半球未正常发育。

In Chapter Two, Liapunov functional method and Liapunov function method with Razumikhin techniques are employed to obtain some delay independent stability results for the Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with multiply delays.

在第三章中，我们首先对一般的无时滞Cohen-Grossber神经网络模型建立了几个稳定性定理，即文中定理3.3.1-3.3.4。从其中推论可看出负的自联接起着很大的稳定化网络的作用。然后我们考虑了一般的Hopfiel神经网络模型，运用单调动力系统理论，在对激发函数做出很弱的假定下获得了与时滞相关的稳定性结果，并对时滞的大小给出很多的估计，文中定理3.4.3。

For it is rubor after damaging to the closing soft tissue, getting swollen, getting hot aching and model of functiolaesa these bed solicit and there is no fracture,no skin damaged, we designed the corresponding experiment, namely the law of hot board causes little mouse\'s painful experiment of threshold of pain; Freun\'s complete adjuvant caused the swollen experiment of big mouse\'s foot;The xylene caused the swollen experiment of little mouse\'s ear; Invigorating blood circulation silt experiment that changes the sex that the rheology appearance examines the blood and flows with the blood; Useing the high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemistry Detected monoamine neurotransmitters transmitter in the brain and serum; the experiment of immunohistochemistry measured the proto-oncogene C-FOS expresses.

针对闭合性软组织损伤后的红、肿、热、痛及功能障碍的典型临床体征，加上无骨折、无皮肤破损的特点，我们设计了相应的实验，即热板法致小鼠疼痛的痛阈实验；福氏完全佐剂(Freun\'s complete adjuvant，FCA)致大鼠足肿实验；二甲苯致小鼠耳肿实验；用血流变仪测血液流变性的活血化瘀实验；运用高效液相色谱—电化学(high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemistry Detection HPLC-ECD)法测量大脑及血清中单胺类神经递质的实验以及免疫组织化学法检测原癌基因C-FOS蛋白产物表达的实验。

Abstract］ objective to assess a new imaging technique,optical coherence tomography,for the diagnosis of central serous choroidoretinopathy.methods forty-five cases (45 eyes) of csc were examined by ophthalmoscopy,binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and oct.some patients were monitored by oct.results in images of oct in 45 eyes of csc,42 eyes showed serous neurosensory detachement,2 eyes appeared retinal pigment epithelial detachement and 1 eyes combined neurosensory detachement with pigment epithelial detachement.monitoring images of oct in 9 eyes revealed absorption of serous fluid and decrease of neurosensory detachment.conclusion oct is potentially useful as a new and noninvasive diagnostic technique for quantitative examination of patients with csc and objectively monitoring the clinical course of the serous retinal detachement in this disease.

摘要］ 目的评价光学相干断层成像(optical coherence tomography，oct )对中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的临床诊断价值。方法对45例(45眼)中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者散瞳后分别进行直接检眼镜、双目间接检眼镜、oct 检查。9例复查时再次进行oct检查。结果 45眼中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的oct 图像，42眼表现为单纯神经上皮层脱离，2眼为单纯色素上皮层脱离，1眼同时存在神经上皮层脱离和色素上皮层脱离。9眼复查的oct通过测量脱离高度的降低可观察到液体的不同程度吸收。结论 oct 是一种新的、无损伤性的、非接触性的、并能定量的检查方法，能明确中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的脱离部位，并能进行定量的追踪观察。

It is known that the simultaneous estimation of speed and rotor resistance is very difficult, and it is impossible to estimate them simultaneously under the steady state based on indirect vector control.

以稳定性讨论为依据，应用自适应控制理论，融入模糊逻辑和人工神经网络的方法，提出了一种无速度传感器控制的方案，解决了影响转子磁场定向无速度传感器控制低速性能的两对难题：同时估计定子电阻与输出电压、同时估计转速与转子电阻。

The in vitro effects of Gln49-PLA_2 were examined using the chick biventer cervicis nerve muscle preparation. Gln49-PLA_2 caused a dosedependent blockade of neuromuscular transmission. The time required to cause 50% blockade was about 150 min at the highest concentration 100μg/ml. This inhibition appeared to be presynaptic in origin as evidenced by the lack of effect of toxin on responses to exogenous acetylcholine in the non-stimulated BCp.

Gln49-PLA_2能够剂量依赖性地抑制颈二腹肌神经信号正常传导并影响肌肉收缩，在100μg/ml剂量下，肌肉收缩幅度在150分钟后达到50%的抑制率；同时，随着Gln49-PLA_2浓度的降低，肌肉收缩幅度的抑制效率也逐渐降低；实验证明Gln49-PLA_2对突触后膜乙酰胆碱受体敏感性无影响，对神经肌肉信号传导收缩的抑制作用位点在突触前膜。

Objective:To evaluate the application of titanium plate and titanium mesh in multi-segmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy anterior fixation.Methods:Twenty-five patients of multi-segmental cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated with anterior cervical corectomy and fixation with titanium plate and titanium mesh from 1998 to 2002.Results:All the twenty-five patients of bone planted were in fusion.Titanium mesh shedding,screw loose,plate breaking were not found after follow-up for an average of twelve months.The function of nerve had been improved.

中文摘要：目的：探讨前路钛钢板加钛网植骨内固定治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的效果及意义，方法：总结1998年至2002年期间收治的25例有2-3个节段突出的脊随型颈椎病行前路椎体次全切术前路钛钢板加钛网植骨内固定术，结果：经平均12个月的随访，25例患者植骨全部融合，无钛网移位脱落，无螺钉松动，钢板断裂，神经功能得到了不同程度恢复。

We introduced improved primary mixed glial culture and different-attachment method to isolate and purify the OPCs, the cells were proliferated in serum-free medium, flow cytometry and immunohischemistry methods were employed to estimate the purity of cultured OPCs. Their abilities of differentiation and expression of trophic factors were identified by RT-PCR and immunostaining. Several methods including TUNEL and MTT were adopted to estimate the protective effects of conditioned culture medium from oligodendrocyte lineage cells on the primary cultured cerebellar granule neurons. Intravitreal transplant of OPCs, combined with retrograde fluorescent labeling the superior colliculus and intraorbital optic nerve transection, were used to investigate the protective effects of OPCs on the axotomized RGCs in vivo. Intravitreal transplantof OPCs or NSCs on the newborn rats, and retinal transplant of OPCs on the young rats were performed, to observe the myelin formation in the retina at different stages after cellular transplantation. Optic nerve transection was carried out on some rats with myelinated retinae, to study the influence of myelination on the injuried RGCs.

为此，本研究采用改良的胶质细胞混合培养与差速贴壁方法获得大鼠OPCs，使用无血清培养基进行扩增、培养，用免疫组织化学和流式细胞技术对培养细胞的纯度进行鉴定，对少突胶质系细胞表达部分营养因子的情况进行检测；采用TUNEL、MTT等方法对少突胶质系细胞条件培养基对原代培养小脑颗粒神经元的保护作用进行检测；将OPCs移植入成年SD大鼠玻璃体内，利用上丘逆行荧光标记技术，观察眼内移植的OPCs对眶内视神经切断时的视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用及其持续时间；将OPCs或NSCs移植入新生和幼年SD大鼠玻璃体或视网膜内，观察不同时期视网膜内髓鞘形成与分布特点，分析髓鞘的超微结构，并观察眼内髓鞘形成对损伤神经节细胞的保护作用。

A merge-split algorithm based on study property of neural net and sum aggregate is presented. Its merit is that its merge is disconnected a little and freedom satisfies the adaptability, and it is realized during learning rather than stipulating in advance. Furthermore, the method of fitting edge of uncontinuous image with neural net is given. The method can carry on the fit at self-learning, using its learning function fully under the circumstances without the mathematical function form of edge.

提出了一种基于神经网络学习特性和集合论的边缘分段算法(Merge-Split)，优点在于它的分段间断点、自由度满足自适应性，能在学习过程中实现而不必事先规定；进一步提出神经网络拟合不连续的图像边缘的方法，在无边缘数学函数形式的情况下，充分利用其学习函数的任意逼近和自学习性进行拟合，实践证明该方法可以克服以往边缘拟合方法的不足。

Planarians have been a new animal experimental model in vivo for neuropharmacology, because they possess a primitive central nervous system and neurotransmitter systems similarly to mammalians. In addition, they have the advantage of convenience and low cost and no ethics problems compared with mammalian models.

涡虫具有原始的中枢神经系统，其神经递质系统与哺乳类相似，具有易观察可量化的戒断反应，具有易饲养、低成本、无伦理问题等优于哺乳类实验动物的特点，因而迅速成为新的神经药理学在体动物实验模型。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。