无牙的

Objective To evaluate the application effect of the ball attachment implant denture in the edentulous jaws.

目的：探讨球状附着式种植义齿在无牙颌中的应用效果。

Objective To study the complete denture restoration on edentulous jaw with flabby alveolar ridge.

目的探讨松软牙槽嵴无牙颌的全口义齿修复要点。

Methods: 10 edentulous patients with complete dentures whose alveolar ridges were low or flat were selected for this study.

用吸光度法测定10名牙槽嵴较为低平的无牙颌患者未使用粘附剂时的咀嚼效能。

Near medium tilt to one side Zu to living wisdom teeth, although temporary have no symptom, the existence of that wisdom teeth can make the second indulged in arguments far to win to border on the leontiasis ossea dens neck Qu hole.

近中倾斜阻生智齿，虽暂无症状，但该智齿的存在可造成第二磨牙的远中邻面牙颈部龋洞。

Methods:The edentulous patients of senile males and postmenopausal females were selected.All the edentulous subjects were divided into two groups according to the degree of RRR of mandibles: well-rounded ridge group and atrophied ridge group; The BMD of mandibular angle and coxofemoral region (femoral neck,trochanter,and wards triangle) of all subjects were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.The BMD were compared between well-rounded ridge group and atrophied ridge group in the same sex group.

将60岁以上男性和绝经后女性无牙颌患者依据下颌剩余牙槽嵴吸收程度分为丰满组和非丰满组；采用双能X线吸收法，测量全部研究对象右侧髋部与左侧下颌角的骨密度；在同性别组内对比丰满组和非丰满组间下颌角和髋部骨密度的差别。

The results are as follows:(1) With the imposing of orthopedic force of simulating maxillary protraction on maxilla, in the sagittal direction, the maxillary complex of the SD Rats in experimental group grows more quickly than that in two control groups, and the extent of the maxillary complex increases more evidently. The maxillary complex displays anti-clockwise forward and upward rotation.(2) With the imposing of orthopedic force on maxilla, upper incisors exhibit labial-inclined, labioclination of lower incisors changes insignificantly, and the shape and the dimension of skull are not affected significantly.(3) The expression of TGF-3 , in frontomaxillary sutures and palatomaxillary sutures shows different intensity in different extent of time. But The expression of TGF-{3, in experimental group is more intensive than that in two control groups, and that in operated control group and natural growth group has no significant difference.

结果如下：在模拟上颌前牵引矫形力作用下，(1)生长发育期大鼠上颌复合体在矢状方向生长加快，长度明显增加，并表现出向前向上的逆时针旋转；(2)上切牙唇倾，下切牙的唇倾度没有明显变化，颅脑的形态与大小不受影响；(3)额颌缝和腭颌缝中TGF-β_1的表达，同一时段实验加力组要强于手术对照组与自然生长组，而手术对照组与自然生长组之间无显著性差异。

Methods30 nonextraction patients treated in the department of orthodontics in Shandong University in the same time period were enrolled in this study. The threepoint bending test was used to measure the strain and stress of arch wires at 37?℃.

方法选取山东大学口腔医学院正畸科同一时期内收治的30例上颌后牙段基本无拥挤的非拔牙矫治患者，利用三点弯曲试验装置（MTS Tytron 250， USA），检测未经使用、使用4周、8周及12周的镍钛弓丝在37？

The follow-up periods were various from 6m to 21m. The apical MTA barrier technique was used to manage pulpless permanent teeth with incomplete root formation. The postoperative radiographs showed complete repair of periradicular tissue in 5 of 7 teeth and improvement obviously in other 2 teeth. Only one case (1 tooth) had a 3mm periodontal pocket in four perforation repair cases. The lesion at the perforation sites was improved obviously.

追踪观察时间为6-21月。4例穿孔修补的病例，均为延迟修补，除一例为根尖1／3处的病理性吸收外，其余患牙的穿孔部位位于牙根的冠1／3或根分叉处，一例6m复查时有3mm的牙周袋形成，其余患牙骨吸收暗影均明显缩小。7例根尖发育不全并无髓牙的病例均为成人，5例根尖暗影完全消失，2例明显缩小。

Nickel-Titanium instruments have become widely used in the endodontic treatment. However, their unexpected separation was a serious concern in endodontics. To date, no scientific methods have been developed to evaluate the functional lifespan of Ni-Ti instruments. In this study, we used resonance frequency analysis to nondestructively detect the fatigue life of Ni-Ti instruments to determine the feasibility of this technique for use in the clinic.

镍钛合金根管锉已经广泛的使用在牙髓病的治疗上，但其无预警的断裂也是令牙医师关心的问题，之前并无一科学性的方法来评估镍钛合金根管锉的寿命，而本研究室利用自然频率的分析方式对镍钛合金根管锉做非破坏性的疲劳检测，确定此方式可行且在临床上有应用的价值。

Santiago del Estero Province is a technological backwater of Argentina, with most of its residents living without running water or electricity. Last May, Tzu Chi volunteers set up solar panels at a rural elementary school there, so that the students would have evening lighting and could power a TV.

素有阿根廷的非洲之称，圣地牙哥省科技极度落后，大部份的居民都过著无水无电的生活，今年五月，慈济志工就帮助了当地一所偏远小学，装设太阳能板，让学生可以有灯和电视可看。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。