无文化

In ancient funeral service and burial, the role of "teacher"was in the embarrassing situation,"teacher"had not funeral service and burial, and this did not change from Confucian times to HanTang, but because of "teacher" special political and cultural status, they had funeral service and burial from public college to private education in HanTang period.

在古代丧葬礼仪中，"师"的角色是较为尴尬的，在孔子时代即"师"无丧礼的状况直至汉唐并无根本的变化，但由于"师"的特殊政治、文化地位，汉唐时期由官学到私学均存在着心丧、私谥的礼仪活动。

In the second chapter, we have adopted cultural character sketch to find a bridge between metaphysics in Wei Jin Dynasty which put "nihility"as the basis and the saying of " search for being from nihility" in Wen Fu.

在第二章中，我们通过素描陆机文化个性的方式找到了"以无为本，有生于无"的魏晋玄学理论向《文赋》"课无责有"说进阶转换的中介和桥梁。

Main scenic spots include: watching platform on Taibo Top, cultural gallery, forest oxygen bar, music grassland, old honeycomb, Wuran Temple, energy storage power station, foot washing basin and farmers' house accommodation, etc.

该项目主要开发景点有：泰礴顶览胜台（观看黄海之滨、日出、山市等仙景）、文化长廊（赏景、休憩，从不同角度欣赏美景、了解道教文化等）、森林氧吧、音乐草地、老蜂窝、无染禅院、昆嵛山抽水蓄能电站景点、王母娘娘洗脚盆、农家乐等，吸引海内外游客前来观光旅游。

Daoism culture is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, which covers many aspects, has a long history and contains rich ecological thoughts, including integrity concept of object and me, balance concept of knowing laws and harmony, exploitation principle of knowing limitation and satisfaction, equality concept without gentle and simple and so on.

道家文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，它博大精深，源远流长，蕴涵着丰富的生态思想，包括物我一体的整体观念、知常知和的平衡观念、知止知足的开发原则、物无贵贱的平等观念等。

With regards to culture and skin colors, according to the informants' experience, the significance of skin colors in daily life connotes a cultural hierarchy between yellow and white, and it may lead to hypogamy. However, only a few cases attribute economical hypergamy or hypogamy to skin color. While national discrepancies do not equal to individual differences, skin colors are unchangeable.

至於文化肤色层次方面，根据报导人的经验分析，肤色在日常生活中的影响，代表黄与白两种肤色背后所呈现出的文化阶序关系，进而可能造成下嫁之感，但经济上嫁或肤色下嫁的推论只见於某些个案，其余则无显著差异，且国家排名和个人阶序关系不必然等同，唯有明显可辨的肤色是永远无法改变的因素。

The Beiyang period had been an acentric "fracture society ", the authority vacuum appeared in politics and culture, the normal education with the traditional culture and modern idea colliding was also evaluating rapidly.

摘 要：北洋时期是一个无中心的&断裂社会&时期，在政治和文化上出现了权力真空，处于传统文化和现代理念撞击下的师范教育也迅速嬗变蜕化。

The theory on human nature in modern times can be categorized into three kinds , and one of them is to explain human nature starting from biology and whereby appeared Humanity of Lorentz "intrinsic attack theory", Skinner "acts of conditions and so on; another one aims to explain human nature from the spirit and psychology , and whereupon Humanity of Freud's " psychoanalysis theory", Sartre's "humanity on antitheism" appears; the last one aims to explain human nature from both society and culture, and whereupon bring about Lucy.Benedict's "cultural determinism" Erich Fromm's "social determinism, and so on.

综观现代人性理论，可以分为三类，一类是从生物学出发来解释人类的本性，由此出现了比如洛伦兹的&内在攻击论&的人性论、斯金纳&行为条件论&的人性论，等等；另一类是从精神和心理学出发来解释人类的本性，由此出现了比如弗洛伊德的&精神分析论&的人性论、萨特的&无神存在论&的人性论，等等；再一类是从社会和文化出发来解释人类的本性，由此出现了比如露丝·本尼迪克特的&文化决定论&的人性论、埃利希·弗洛姆的&社会决定论&的人性论，等等。

The Great Wall is the spiritual symbol of China; the Ding vessel incarnates the grand and imperatorial cultural character and the spirit of "harmony" in tradition; porcelain Jun is the original creation of the Chinese people which thought to be the highest representation of the ceramics art.

&长城&是中华民族的精神象征；&鼎&体现出庄重与威严的文化气质，&革故鼎新，晏以和好&蕴含着中国传统的&和合&文化思想；&钧瓷&唯中国独创，居五大名瓷之首，它因&入窑一色，出窑万彩&和&钧瓷无双&的神奇而著称于世。

If the Confucius Institute and Hollywood movies are controlled by political or commercial forces and thus it's difficult for kind-hearted and simple-headed people to make an reliable estimate of the Chinese culture's true global influence, Ni Hao, Kai-lan , a made-in-USA and broadcast-in-USA children's TV show aimed at entertaining the next American generation without any considerations of the adult's world, provides an innocent testimonial for the rise of the Chinese culture.

如果孔子学院和好莱坞大片的背后有政治或者商业的力量在支配，从而让心怀善意、头脑单纯的人们容易错误估计中国文化的真实影响力的话，美国人自产自销、旨在娱乐他们的下一代而无成人世界功利考虑的少儿节目《你好，凯兰》（ Ni Hao， Kai-lan ）的成功则为中国文化影响力的上升提供了一个清白的见证。

Far from the slurs of terrorism with which it too often associated, the Middle East is in fact steeped in a rich and diverse literary tradition – from the Holy Qur'an to Omar Khayyam, from Rumi to Kahlil Gibran. Moreover, its marvelous contemporary poetry offers a distinct reflection of cultural depth and personal reality for us to behold: Turkey, with its proud imperial legacy and historical burden; Israel and Palestine, confluence of civilizations and land of strife; Kurdistan, which has nearly the same population as Taiwan, divided and suppressed by its neighbors, since World War I the most humiliated and disenfranchised of peoples; and Iraq, situated in the cradle of civilization – the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers – caught up in the frontline of war at the beginning of the 21st century. In addition, we are visited by representatives from Iceland – a small country with a noble culture – and newly independent Slovakia. All of these nations stand as mirrors of ourselves.

不被「恐怖主义」污名化的中东，从古兰圣训到奥玛珈音，从鲁米到纪伯仑，实有丰富多元的文学传统，而他们优秀的当代诗歌创作，亦鲜明地反映了文化厚度与切身现实，足让我们以全新的眼光分享──拥有帝国遗产与历史包袱的土耳其；文明交锋、强权倾轧的以色列与巴勒斯坦的土地；人口与台湾相当的库德族，被四分五裂且遭各国镇压，成为一次大战以来最屈辱的无国之民；而伊拉克身处世界文明发祥的两河流域，却沦为二十一世纪首当其冲的战火前线……此外，还有小国寡民却独尊文化的冰岛，以及独立不久的斯洛伐克，处处可以给我们借鉴。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。