无托叶的

The distribution of the qualitative characters The performance of the 39 chief qualitative characters were observed and recorded,according to the test method of morphological characters in the .The results of distribution proportion of each character in cultivars group showed that the distribution of 32 characters(number of ray flower rings,floret curliness,shape of leaf base,size of stipule and so on) were very asymmetrical with near or above 70%cultivars concentrated upon one or two performance, however,the distribution of the other 7 characters(floret type,surface color of outer floret,back color of outer floret,color of disc floret,claw in base of sinus between lateral lobes,stem erectness and stem color) in the cultivars group were relatively symmetrical.

质量性状分布参照《菊花DUS测试指南》的形态性状测试方法，观察记录大菊39个主要质量性状的表现，计算各性状的表现式样在品种群内的分布比例，结果显示舌状花的重瓣性、花瓣曲反状况、叶片基部性状、托叶大小等32个性状的表现式样在品种群内分布极不均匀，接近或超过70%的品种集中在性状的1种或2种表现式样中；而花瓣形状、外花瓣表面色、外花瓣背面色、花中心部颜色、叶裂刻基部有无突起、茎的曲直性和茎色等7个性状的表现式样在品种群内的分布则相对均匀。4。

Leaves alternate,± sessile; stipules in pairs, small; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to almost needle-shaped, margin entire to incised.

叶互生，多少无梗；成对的托叶，小；叶片狭椭圆形到几乎的针形，边缘全缘到锐裂的。

Leaves alternate; stipules small, undivided, caducous; petiole with 2 apical glands; leaf blade entire, pinnately veined, eglandular above, below with a pair of distinct basal glands and with additional smaller submarginal glands.

叶互生 ；托叶小，没有分开，早落；叶柄具2顶端的腺体；全缘的叶片，成羽状脉，在上面无腺体，在下面具一对离生的基部腺体并且具另外的小的近缘腺体。

Stipules (2-)3-5 mm; petiole 3-5 mm, sulcate adaxially; leaf blade narrowly lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 7-15 × 1.5-3 cm, chartaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, base narrowly cuneate, margin with dense and unequal glandular teeth, apex acuminate; midvein prominent on both surfaces; secondary veins numerous,± parallel; veinlets

托叶(2-)3-5毫米；叶柄3-5毫米，正面具槽；叶片狭披针形的或狭椭圆形， 7-15 * 1.5-3 厘米，纸质的，两面无毛，基部狭楔形，边缘具紧密的和不等长的具腺的齿，先端渐尖；中脉的两面突出；次脉多数，多少平行；细脉

Leaves opposite , very rarely stipulate, petiolate, entire, leathery to papery, usually glabrous; secondary veins usually prominent, numerous to few, oblique to perpendicular to midvein; tertiary veins reticulate, with adaxial brownish transvenous resin canals and abaxial linear or intervenous translucent glands; petiole often with basal liguliform appendage.

叶对生 ，极少具托叶，具叶柄，全缘，革质到纸质，通常无毛；次脉通常突出，许多对很少，偏斜到与中脉垂直；第三脉网状，具正面带褐色的transvenous树脂道并且背面线形或脉间的半透明的腺体；叶柄通常具基生舌状的附属物。

Leaves paripinnate, alternate, sessile; leaflets usually in many pairs, first pair small, like stipules, others evidently larger, usually serrate; lateral veins often many, extending to tips of dentate margins, parallel.

偶数羽状复叶，互生，无梗；小叶通常很多对，第一对小的，象托叶，其它的明显大，通常有锯齿的；通常的侧脉很多，延伸至具齿边缘顶部，平行。

Leaflets 1.5-2 mm, adaxially setose on veins, apically long caudate-acuminate; bases of petioles and of petiolules with numerous lanceolate, stipulelike appendages; pedicels longer, glabrous; rootstock fleshy, 2-5-fascicled.

小叶1.5-2毫米，正面具刚毛的在脉上，顶部长尾状渐尖；和小叶柄具多数披针形，托叶状的附属物的叶柄基部；花梗长，无毛；肉质的根茎，2-5簇生。 5 P。 pseudoginseng 假人参

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。