无性的

The results showed that the seed germination and stem apexes growth of the materials was decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration and PYM concentration and treating time.

结果表明：供试种子的萌发率和茎端组织的存活率随培养基中NaCl浓度的上升急剧下降，平阳霉素处理对茎端组织存活率的抑制明显大于对种子萌发率的影响，平阳霉素处理后存活的种子和茎端组织经NaCl胁迫筛选，筛选出耐NaCl胁迫力明显提高的存活苗，存活苗经无性繁殖，可以保持较高的耐NaCl能力。

In term of analysis and comparison of differences on ornamental plants among UPOV 1991 and 1978 Convention, and Chinese Regulation on PVP, this paper focus on the specialty of PVP for asexual fruit crops and ornamental plants, and feasibility and advantage of UPOV 1991 Convention to them, such as essentially derived variety and farmers' privilege. Meanwhile, based on present situation of flower Industry development, breeding and creation, and world trade of floricultural crops, the author points out the opportunity and challenge of flower Industry development in China, and proposes a strategy of IPR and PVP on Chinese flower industry.

本文在分析对比 UPOV 公约1991年、1978年文本和我国《植物新品种保护条例》的主要区别及其在观赏植物适用方面存在诸多差异的基础上，重点探讨了无性繁殖花卉和果树类植物新品种保护的特点以及 UPOV 公约1991年文本对这些特点进行的适用性修改与完善，主要表现在实质性派生品种和农民豁免权方面；结合我国的观赏植物育种、花卉产业发展与花卉国际贸易现状，详细解析了知识产权战略与新品种保护制度给花卉业发展带来的机遇与挑战；在此条件下，提出我们自己的应对策略。

In measurements of a day,generallyspeaking,the photosynthesis of birch in mesophytic habitat is better than that in xerophytichabitat(peak values are 12.8,10.33μmolCO2m-2s-1 respectively);that of sexual birch inmesophytic habitat is better than that of clone birch(peak values are 9.87,6.71μmolCO2m-2s-1respectively);that of young tree is better than that of seedling(peak values are12.37,10.05μmolCO2m-2s-1 respectively).

在一天中的各个时刻，总体说来，中生生境生长的白桦光合作用超过旱生生境生长的白桦光合作用(净光合速率峰值分别为12.8、10.33μmolCO2m-2s-1)；白桦幼树的光合作用超过白桦幼苗(净光合速率峰值分别为12.37、10.05μmolCO2m-2s-1)；中生生境有性白桦的光合作用超过无性白桦的光合作用(净光合速率峰值分别为9.87μmolCO2m-2s-1、6.71μmolCO2m-2s-1)。

In order to investigate the effects of different shading levels (Shading levels were: control 0, 50%, 80%, 90%) on the trade-off relations between sexual reproduction and clonal multiplication of Vallisneria spinulosa, a natural greenhouse experiment was carried out by winter tuber of Vallisneria spinulosa being collected from Poyang Lake in the Jiangxi Province.

以采自江西鄱阳湖的刺苦草冬芽为实验材料，在自然温室中经历了全不遮阳、部分遮阳等4种处理，研究不同遮阳处理产生的光线差异对刺苦草的有性繁殖和无性繁殖方式的资源配制的影响。

With increasing altitude,pollen numberdecreased and length of stylar ramification increased gradually.Increased stylarramification of plants of Saussurea with increasing altitude has importantadaptive significance of evolutionary ecology.It ensured sexsual reproductivesuccess,provided a foundation of hereditary variation and increased specificdiversity.In addition,asexsual reproduction of most species of Saussurea assuredindividual quantity.

根据我们调查，生活在青藏高原东缘的多数风毛菊属植物都具有无性繁殖方式，它保证了风毛菊属植物物种的个体数量，而花柱分枝的变长保证了风毛菊属植物的有性繁殖成功，为风毛菊属植物在该地区的进化提供了遗传变异的基础，增加了风毛菊属植物的物种多样性，使得风毛菊属植物的多数物种都成为该地区的常见种，也可能是青藏高原地区是风毛菊属植物的现代分布中心的原因之一。19。

A it is predominantly derived from the initial variety or from a variety which itself was predominantly derived from the initial variety, while retaining the expression of essential characteristics that result from the genotype or combination of genotypes of the initial variety; an essentially derived variety may have been obtained by the selection of a natural or induced mutant or of a somaclonal variant, by the selection of a variant individual from plants of the initial variety, by backcrossing, by a transformation by genetic engineering, or by any other similar method

一个品种主要由原始品种演化而来，或主要由原始品种的实质性派生品种演化而来，同时保留了来自原始品种基因型或基因型组合的基本特征的表达；一个实质性派生品种可能通过选择自然变异或诱变或体细胞无性变异、原始品种植株的个体变异的选择、回交、基因工程的改造或任何其它类似方法而获得。

Unfortunately, I was unable to view the pictures in the attachment in your e-mail, but I assume that you are referring to the recent dog culls in China where over 50,000 dogs were slaughtered in an attempt at rabies control.

谢谢你和世界动物保护协会联系，并关注中国的动物福利问题，我们已经知道在中国约50，000只狗被因为狂犬病的控制问题被屠杀的事情，世界各地的动物福利组织非常的震惊和愤怒，世界各地的动物保护协会，已经给驻各国中国大使写了抗议信，要求用更人道的方式，如，注射疫苗和无性繁殖等方法，控制狂犬病和流浪狗的数量。

The more degree shaded treatments were, the more biomass was allocated to the below-ground parts, resulting in the less ratios between above-ground and below-ground biomass. Shaded treatments limited sexual reproductive ability of V. spinulosa, which has reproduced less of ramets and winter tubers under shaded conditions versus natural conditions. V. spinulosa adapted the change of light by means of refuging life-history strategy.

随着遮阳强度的增加，刺苦草的最大叶长、总葡匐茎长和总的叶面积减少，遮蔽强度越大，分配到地下的生物量越多，冠根比率越小；遮阳生境下的刺苦草的有性繁殖受限，无性繁殖形成的分株和冬芽也比自然状态少得多；刺苦草采用回避策略应对光照胁迫。

But the Cologne plant technology is the domestic and foreign origination new technology, has the craft to be simple, the cost low, easy to promote and so on merits, not only may use in the economic plants fast breeding, moreover may use in the transgenic plant or be in imminent danger economic plants' fast reproduction, the promotion and the protection, asexual quick numerous has the universal significance to many kinds of plants, has the very high suitable value, the application scope is very broad.

而科隆植物技术是国内外首创的新技术，具有工艺简单、成本低、易推广等优点，不仅可用于经济植物的快速繁育，而且可用于转基因植物或濒危经济植物的快速繁殖、推广和保护，对多种植物的无性快繁具有普遍意义，具有很高的适用价值，应用范围十分广阔。

The genetic study suggested that the carbendazim-resistance in these mutants could be steadily inherited by asexual and selfed reproduction, and the resistance was controlled by the same single major gene both in laboratory mutants and field resistant isolates, the different levels of resistance or the same resistant level in different strains maybe conferred by mutations at different sites or one site with different allelic mutations. The gene compensates for the sensitivity to MDPC was allelic to that governs the carbendazim resistance, but the mutation for increasing sensitivity to MDPC in this gene could get the pathogen highly resistant to carbendazim.

抗药性遗传研究表明，在所研究的抗药突变体中，抗药性在自交和无性繁殖后代中能稳定遗传；室內抗药突变体和田间抗药菌株对多菌灵的抗药性由同一个主效基因控制，但它们发生突变的位点不同或者同一碱基位点发生了不同的突变；对MDPC的敏感性也是由单个基因控制的，该基因与控制多菌灵抗性的基因是等位基因，当该基因发生对MDPC的敏感性增加的突变时会使病菌对多菌灵产生高水平抗性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。