无影响的

The major findings include:(1) By using fuel as the base indicator of relative efficiency, we found the following input factors' distribution inefficiency for domestic airlines: The distribution inefficiency of labor and capital input factors differs from airline to airline, and is becoming more severe with time; the distribution inefficiency of other factors does not differ very much among airlines but varies with time. It is inefficient from 1989 to 1995 but becomes more efficient during 1996 to 1997;(2) Airline companies have higher economies of density before 1996, but tend to show a constant return to density in 1997 when considering allocative distortions. The technical efficiency of input factors as a whole has declined after the open-air policy;(3) The costs of airlines are increasing significantly due to their distribution inefficiencies;(4) The instrument variable generated through a quasi price function does not have significant influence on cost; this may imply that airline companies in this time period did not exhibit the phenomena of high-quality high-price.

其主要结论如下：(1)藉由相对燃油分配效率探讨各投入要素之分配扭曲情形发现：劳动和因定投入要素之分配无效率因公司别而有所不同，且随时间而严重，唯民国86年稍有改善；其他要素之分配无效率则较不因公司别而有所不同，但亦随时间发生变化，初期为无效率，在民国85、86年则较具效率；(2)若考虑分配扭曲情形下，国内航空业在民国85年之前具有较高之密度经济，民国86年则趋向固定密度报酬；此整体投入要素之技术效率而官，在天空开放政策后其技术效率随时间变化而下降，但就燃油投入要素平均技术进步率而言，则其技术效率逐年增加且幅度明显；(3)航空公司因分配无效率所造成成本增加的情形相当明显；(4)准价格工具变数对成本之影响并不明显，此可能反映在此期间国内航空公司似乎并未趋向於高品质高价格之现象。

Furfur. At the same time, selected the culture supernatant. Used the whole-fat-cow"s-milk plate method, the Folin-phenol method and the QuantiCleave proteinase Assay Kit to test the proteinase activity of mycelial phase and yeast phase of M. furfur. The effect of temperature and pH on this assay was also evaluated.Result:①The whole-fat-cow"s-milk plate method: Seven days after inoculation, the proteinase activity of the mycelial phase supernatant (12.5 ± 1.2mm) is higher than that of the yeast phase (9.25±0.71mm)(p.05); With the passage of the inoculation time, the proteinase activity of the mycelial phase is rising; the temperature has no obvious effect on the proteinase

结果：①全脂牛奶平板法：培养第7天菌丝相上清液蛋白酶活性(12.5±1.2mm)高于酵母相(9.25±0.71mm)(p＜0.05)；菌丝相上清液蛋白酶活性随培养天数延长而增大；25℃和37℃两种温度对上清液蛋白酶活性无明显影响(P＞0.05)；②Folin-酚法：上清液蛋白酶活性随培养天数、菌落计数、菌丝诱导率增加而增大，培养液pH值呈下降趋势；同一天的菌丝相上清液蛋白酶活性明显高于酵母相(p＜0.05)；三种温度(25℃、37℃、49℃)及三种pH值(3.8、5.6、7.4)对上清液蛋白酶活性无明显影响；温度37℃、pH5.6时菌丝相上清液蛋白酶活性最高；③QuantiCleave蛋白酶试剂盒：菌丝相及酵母相上清液中均含有蛋白酶且

Results:①In normal extracellular solution, the non-selective cholinergic agonist acetylcholine and the muscarinic agonist muscarine both caused the increace of [Ca2+]i in separately 21 out of 25 and 14 out of 18 VHCs I, while only 3 out of 20 and 2 out of 16 VHCs I had a weak increase of [Ca2+]i if investigated in calcium free extracellular solution; nicotine could increase the [Ca2+]i in 7 out of 32 VHCsⅠonly at enough high concentration(up to 10 mmol/L) in normal extracellular solution, this [Ca~(2+)]_i increase by nicotine at high concentration could not be investigated if at calcium free solution.

结果①非选择性胆碱能受体激动剂乙酰胆碱、M型胆碱能受体激动剂毒蕈碱在正常细胞外液中均可引起大部分(21/25， 14/18)单离VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i的升高，但无钙外液中ACh、muscarine仅使少部分(3/20，2/16)VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高且作用减弱；正常外液中，N型受体激动剂尼古丁仅在高浓度(≥10 mmol/L)时引起部分(7/32) VHCⅠ[Ca~(2+)]_i升高，在低浓度时对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显，无钙外液中，10 mmol/L nicotine对胞内钙离子浓度影响不明显。

And There was no serious complication;②In the course ofinterventional therapy, Direct portal vein angiography demonstrated vena coronaria ventriculi(100%)andgastricveins(65.26%)andvenagastricaposterior38.43%, Angiography demonstrated venacoronariaventriculi communicate esophagus varicose veins, gastric veins and vena gastrica posterior communicategastric varicose veins. vena coronaria ventriculi had only a small percentage of double vein, about30.57%. The sites of vena coronaria ventriculi arising from the portal vein, splenic vein, portosplenic junction, were found in 52.06%、27.39%、20.55% respectively.③12 extrahepaticprotosystemic shunts were found in these patients. Include gastro-nephrosshuntof 3 cases, 7 caseswere splenetic- nephros shunt and 2 cases shown recanalization of umbilical vein .④The averageportal pressure before and after the procedure were 3.87±1.82kPa and 3.64±1.14kPa in 73patients, but to the time of rebleeding, it was 3.96±0.23kPa in the 11 cases.⑤There werethree kinds of variceal outcome: disappearance (54,low degree (19).⑥Spearman logisticanalyse and ANOVAtest shown liver function class, variceal degree of the splenic necrosis area,the blood direction in portal vein before operation and remain small collateral routes were thesignificant factors concerning outcome of varices.⑦The bleeding volume and portalhypertensive gastropathy are main risk factors of rebleeding.⑧The course of livercirrhosis is the risk factor of survival and extrahepatic portosystemic shunt , fine varices are thebeneficial factors to survival.⑨During all cases'followed-up data, the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 yearcumulative survival rates and rebleeding rates were 17.81%, 28.77%, 38.36%, 43.84%, 47.95%and93.15%,91.78%,86.30%,83.56%,80.82%respectively. Conclusion The interventional disconnection treatment for liver cirrhosis and portalhypertension was designed suitability. It rapidlycontrol bleeding,butpressure of portal vein was notobvious high, perfusion was not low .it was compared with surgery therapeutic that interventionaldisconnection treatment was safe and had a significant clinical effect to hemorrhage and preventfrom rebleeding.

结果：①术后一过性发热62例(84.9%)，腹痛腹胀48例(65.8%)是介入断流术常见的并发症，未发生严重并发症；②门静脉造影显示胃冠状静脉、胃短静脉和胃后静脉的曲张分流的出现率是100%、65.26%和38.34%；显示食管静脉曲张主要由胃冠状静脉供血，胃静脉曲张主要由胃短静脉和胃后静脉供血；胃冠状静脉大多数为单支，少数为双支，其双支的出现率分别为30.57%；胃冠状静脉开口于门静脉主干的为52.06%，开口于脾静脉主干的为27.39%和开口于门脾静脉交汇处的为20.55%；③发现胃肾分流3例，脾肾分流7例、腹膜后门腔静脉分流2例，以及CTA检查发现脐静脉开放者2例；④73例患者介入断流术前和术后平均自由门静脉压力分别为3.87±1.82kpa和3.64±1.14kpa，前后比较存在显著性差异；11例再次介入手术患者的术前、术后和复发后的自由门静脉压力分别为4.02±0.24kpa、3.82±0.25kpa和3.93±0.23kpa ，前后比较发现首次术前与术后存在显著性差异，首次术前和复发出血术前门静脉压力比较无显著性差异；⑤介入术后复查曲张静脉转归基本消失54例，轻度19例；⑥Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析，肝功能分级、静脉曲张程度、门脉血流方向和残存小侧支四个因素对曲张静脉转归有影响；Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析门脉高压性胃病和出血量等因素对复发出血时间有影响；⑦COX回归分析，门体分流和曲张静脉转归两个因素对术后生存有影响；⑧术后随访6-70月，1、2、3、4、5年的累计复发出血率和累计生存率分别为17.81%、28.77%、38.36%、43.84%、47.95%和93.15%、91.78%、86.30%、83.56%、80.82%；结论：介入断流术治疗门脉高压食管胃底静脉曲张有独特的优点，可以快速直接控制曲张静脉出血而门静脉压力无显著增高，保证了肝脏灌注；与外科分流术相比适应证广、损伤轻、术后恢复快，不易遗漏曲张静脉；肝功能分级、曲张静脉程度、门脉血流方向和残存侧支血管对食管胃曲张静脉转归有影响；门脉高压性胃病对复发出血时间有影响；门体分流和曲张静脉转归对生存时间有影响。

The NT increase the Gliadin, Globulincontent and decrease the Glutenin, Albumin contents compared with CT.1.3 In NT, 7 days after anthesis and in the sequel, flag leaf NR activityshows higher, photosynthetic ration and transpiration ratio 16 days after 5anthesis and in the sequel higher and have longer continuance ability thanthose in CT.1.4 In NT, total nitrogen contents in crop and fertilizer utilization efficiencyare lower than those in CT.2 The ecology characteristics of wheat field of NT2.1 The contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus andpotassium in 0-20cm soil layer are all higher in NT fertilization zone thanthose in CT, While the differentiations are in different levels.

肥料利用率免耕各处理均显著低于常规处理。1.5 和常规耕翻处理相比，免耕处理玉米秸秆腐解率无显著差异。冬前是秸秆腐解的主要时期。小麦生育后期肥料对秸秆腐解的促进作用显著，肥料用量与秸秆腐解率存在显著相关性。2 免耕对土壤理化性状的影响2.1 在成熟期免耕施肥区，和常规耕翻处理相比，免耕处理 N3T 对0-40cm 土层碱解氮含量影响不显著。免耕处理 N3T 显著提高了 0-20cm 土层土壤速效磷和速效钾含量，对 20cm 以下土层速效磷和速效钾含量无显著影响。

Results are as followed:1 Exposure of HELF cells to BP caused c-Jun activation,and increased the activity of MAPK,PI-3K,p53 and cyclin D1 pathway.2 BP-induced c-Jun activation was inhibited by dominant negative mutants of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase or c-Jun NH_2-terminal kinase,but not by p38,impling that JNK and ERK pathways medicate c-Jun activation induced by BP.3 Overexpression of dominant-negative mutants PI-3K and Akt potently blocked phosphorylations of c-Jun and ERK,but not JNK in response to BP,suggesting that PI-3K/Akt pathway positively regulates BP-induced c-Jun activation through ERK.4 Inhibition of p53 by its chemical or molecular inhibitor markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of c-Jun,Akt and ERK upon BP stimulation,indicating that p53 negatively medicates BP-induced c-Jun activation through PI-3K/Akt/ERK pathway.5 The cell lines expressed TAM67 exhibits no significant affecting normal cell growth properties.6 TAM67 was able to significantly block G_1-S transition and subsequent cell proliferation,suggesting that c-Jun is essential for cell cycle alternations elicited by BP.7 Overexpression of TAM67 impaired BP-induced cyclin D1 activation,decreasing expression of E2F1 and pRb,indicating that c-Jun participates in the modulation of BP-induced activation of cyclin D1/pRb/E2F1 pathway.8 Stably expression of TAM67 led to the increases in the expression levels of p53 and p21,elevating phosphorylation level of p53,clearly indicating that c-Jun regulates p53/p21 pathway activation induced by BRCollectively,PI3K/Akt/ERK pathway mediated BP-induced c-Jun activation through p53-dependent mechanism.

结果显示：1BP刺激细胞可促进c-Jun活化，并伴随着MAPK、PI-3K、p53和cyclinD1通路各组成成分的活性增强。2利用MAPK通路的显性失活突变体分别阻断细胞外信号调节激酶和c-Jun氨基末端激酶活性，均可明显抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，但阻断p38活性对BP引起的c-Jun活化无明显影响，提示JNK和ERK通路参与调控BP诱导的c-Jun活化。3过表达PI-3K和Akt的显性失活突变体也可显著抑制BP诱导的c-Jun活化，并降低磷酸化ERK的表达水平，但对磷酸化JNK的表达水平无明显影响，说明PI-3K/Akt通路通过ERK正性调控了BP诱导的c-Jun活化。4p53的化学/分子抑制剂能使BP作用的细胞内c-Jun活性明显增加，并同时诱导Akt和ERK的磷酸化水平的升高，表明p53可通过PI-3K/Akt/ERK通路对BP诱导的c-Jun活化进行负性调控。5随后观察转染细胞的生长情况，发现TAM67对细胞正常生长和形态无明显影响。6稳定表达TAM67可有效抑制BP诱导的S期细胞数的增加，提示c-Jun在BP致细胞周期改变的过程中发挥了重要作用。7TAM67过表达能够抑制BP诱导的cyclin D1活化，降低磷酸化Rb以及E2F1蛋白表达水平，表明c-Jun参与调控BP诱导的cyclin D1/Rb/E2F1通路的活化。8过表达TAM67可使BP刺激的细胞中p53、p21总蛋白以及p53磷酸化的表达水平明显升高，可见c-Jun也参与调控BP诱导的p53/p21通路活化。

The physical meaning of every item in formulae is analysed. Finally the article analyses the influence of the reactive power in the nonsinusoidal condition on two primary reactive energy measurement technology. The analysis show that Reactive power definition produces which in the standard IEEE100-1996, Can have a bigger deviation with two kind of reactive energy measurement technology to measure reactive energy.

并就非正弦无功对目前主要的两种无功电能计量技术（电磁感应式无功电能计量技术，电子式无功电能计量技术）的影响进行了理论分析，得出在IEEE100-1996标准给出的无功功率定义下，用两种无功电能计量技术测量无功均会产生较大偏差的结论。

For the first time, the dynamics changing process of KGM chain in vacuum is proposed, We obtained the following results: polymerization degree influences the stability and shapes of the chain, the chain stability drops with the increasing of polymerization degree, for the high polymerization degree KGM, KGM chain takes on irregular curl state; acetyl group is not the main factor influencing chain conformation , during the course of dynamics movement KGM chain takes on irregular curl state before and after acetyl group was doffed, Extending and curling states change periodicity and has good flexibility.

首次提出了KGM链的动态模型，得到了以下结果：聚合度影响其链形态和稳定性，对于高聚合度的魔芋葡甘聚糖来说，其链呈现无规卷曲状态且稳定性下降，在整个动态运动过程中KGM链脱乙酰基前后都呈现无规卷曲状态，而且其伸展和卷曲的变化是周期性的，表现出了很好的柔性，说明乙酰基不是影响其链形态的主要因素，二面角能和静电作用是真空中影响单链构象的主要的键合作用力和非键合作用力，但是乙酰基对氢键作用的影响(来源：ABC6c论文网www.abclunwen.com)较大。

The results show that when the PHMB is≤16×10^(-6)μl/L, the hatching rate of zygote is no affected; when the PHMB is≤4×10^(-6)μl/L, the metamorphosing rate of nauplii is no affected.

结果显示，用PHMB对中国对虾受精卵消毒，其对孵化率无显著影响(P.05)的浓度为≤16×10^(-6)μl/L；用PHMB对中国对虾无节幼体消毒，对变态率无显著影响(P.05)的浓度为≤4×10^(-6)μl/L；并且其药效保持时间较长。

Join the Financial Holding Company did not affect the result of credit rating,and Inflation was the important variable that affect credit rating for Life Insurance companies.

三、 有无加入金控此变数对於评等结果并无显著影响，而总体经济变数方面，仅通货膨胀率对於评等等级有显著的影响。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。