无尾两栖类的

Chapter 2: The phylogeographic researches on Anuran amphibians in the world including China are reviewed.

第二章：对国内外的无尾两栖类的系统地理学研究进行了综述。

Vocal behavior is universal in anuran amphibians and is very important for their reproduction.

鸣叫行为是无尾两栖类动物常见的行为，对其生存和繁殖具有重要意义。

In recent years, many toxicology studies have been carried out with anuran tadpoles in China, since they are believed to be perfect indicator species for aquatic pollution.

中文摘要：无尾两栖类的幼体蝌蚪是很好的水体污染指示物种，近年来，国内这方面的研究也越来越多。

Although there is no consistent evidence, many researchers suggested that vocal behavior of anuran amphibians were closely related to the circulating levels of sexual hormones.

虽然目前没有一致的证据，但研究结果暗示了很多无尾两栖类动物的广告和攻击鸣叫行为与其体内雄激素水平密切相关。

After lentectomy through the pupillary hole, the epithelial cells at dorsal iris in Anuran tadpole of Bufo raddei Strauch can undergo transdifferentiation to regenerate a new lens. The morphological changes of lens formation from different regeneration stages were observed with both microcope and transmission electron microscope.

以无尾两栖类花背蟾蜍后肢芽期蝌蚪为实验材料，摘除其左眼晶状体，在再生不同时期固定，石蜡连续切片，苏木精-伊红对染，光镜观察，研究晶状体再生的组织来源；另外，选再生不同时期材料用戊二醛，锇酸固定，透射电镜观察，以研究晶状体再生组织的超微结构变化。

The early embryonic development of Rana rugulosa was studied at water temperature of 18～23℃.The course, from its fertilized egg stage to operculum completely closed stage, may be divided into 25 stages,which totally take about 126 hours.

无尾两栖类的胚胎发育在胚胎学、发育生物学等学科的研究中有着重要意义，因而有关的研究国内外均有报导，Shumway（1940）详细研究了豹蛙的发育，并提出了较系统的发育资料［1］，故而被国内外许多教材加以采用。

Based on the analysis of the resources situation and problems, it has been suggested by the authors that the protection of ecological environment and species varieties of Anura in Gansu should be strengthened.

本文在对甘肃无尾两栖类动物资源状况及存在的问题进行分析的基础上，提出了加强无尾两栖类动物生境和物种多样性保护，从而合理利用无尾两栖类动物资源的建议。

Along with the economy development, human activities not only straightly threatened the ecological environment but decreased the population number of Anura.

随着经济的发展，人类活动直接威胁着无尾两栖类的生存环境，也造成其种群数量大幅度减少。

Pelobatidae is very importance in the phylogeny of anurans, but the phylogenetic relationships and taxology of this family (including subfamily, genus and subgenus )have yet produced long-time conflicting viewpoint among different researchers both domestic and abroad.

锄足蟾科在无尾两栖类的系统进化中处于极其重要的地位，长期来对该科各亚科、属、亚属的划分以及系统发育关系等问题，国内外学者尚存分歧意见。

For the Batrachuperus tibetanus, the follicle cells are the main sites for e2, P and T, but the thecal cells are not shown to product steroid.

说明，在卵母细胞发育中，有尾两栖类和无尾两栖类性类固醇激素的作用有一些差异。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。