无基础的

From the view of torque controlling strategy, the relation between the torque controlling strategy such as the electric current feedback method、 PWM open loop method etc and the vehicle driving way is analyzed firstly, then the conclusion could be drawn that the PWM open loop method has more advantages than the electric current feedback method when they are both used in the same vehicle which is direct driving by hubcap motor. Secondly, based on the electric motor mathematic model and its experiment, a new permanent brushless dc motor phase electric current detector method in which a digital signal processor and single current sensor are used is introduced.

从转矩控制策略角度来看，分析了电流反馈法以及开环PWM电压调速控制方法与车辆的驱动方式关系，得出了电机驱动电压受限的情况下，无论是从对车辆的动力性能影响还是从对车辆的驱动要求来讲，开环PWM电压调速控制方法较电流反馈法更适用于以轮毂电机直接驱动方式的两轮电动车中；其次，根据电机的数学模型以及电机试验波形，提出了一种利用数字信号处理器以及单个电流传感器检测三相永磁无刷电机电枢电流的新方法，这种方法具有较强的适应性、实时性，它可以根据控制系统的要求，适时地提供所需电流数据，是目前许多文章关于无刷电机相电流平波的重要技术基础。

Since the solutions of this problem are the critical points of the associated energy function. One generally needs some compactness such as PScondition or C-condition to prove the existence of critical points of the energy func-tion, but when we study the elliptic equation in R~N, the compactness condition does not always hold since the imbedding of the Sobolev space H_0~(1,2)into L~(2*) is not compact. In this chapter, based on the nonsmooth critical point theory, and by using the approximation technique with periodic function, the existence of nontrivial solution is obtained.

由于该方程的解就是其所对应的能量泛函的临界点，通常都要在一些紧型条件的基础上来证明其所对应的能量泛函临界点的存在性，但当我们在无界域上考虑该椭圆方程解的存在性时，Sobolev空间H_0~(1，2)到L~(2*)的嵌入非紧，从而导致所对应的能量泛函失去紧性，本章在非光滑临界点理论的基础上，应用周期逼近的方法证明该问题非平凡解的存在性。

The analytical method is always used due to the large amount of the objects and not very high accuracy of forecasting. A method based on the position and velocity derived from the mean orbit elements directly is given, which is to avoid the problem of singularity in calculating the periodic terms of orbit elements variation, thus the process and software can be simplified.

在已有分析法得到t时刻平均根数的基础上给出一种轨道预报方法，由t时刻的平均根数给出该时刻卫星的位置和速度，在此基础上将地球非球形引力摄动的周期项直接用卫星直角坐标的位置和速度分量表示，这样可以避免在计算轨道根数变化的周期项时出现的奇点问题，从而对根数的选择无特殊要求，可适用于各种轨道，简化预报程序和相应的软件，提高预报效率。

Concept of subconsciousness.There are two ways for us to get information: consciousness and subconciousness. Each day we get different extent stimulations tangibly and intangibly, such stimulations waken our awareness and lead to relevant responses. Consciousness is to receive surrounding stimulations mindedly, and subconsciousness is on the contrast way. Subconciousness is the key part of psychological analysis and basis of Sigmund Freud's theory.

何谓潜意识，我们人脑接受信息的方式分为有意识和无意识接收两种方式，我们每天都会受到不同程度有形或无形的刺激，引起我们的注意而产生不同程度的反应，有意识接收是人脑地于周边事物的刺激有知觉地接收信息；而无意识接收是人脑对于周边事物的刺激不知不觉地接收，这就是所谓潜意识，它是精神分析的核心部分，是弗洛伊德的理论的基础。

Furthermore, we discussed and pointed out the exact distinction of the meanings of reactive current, irregular current, reactive power and irregular power, then we give them proper mathematic definition with uniformed conception respectively, we established new power system, which is helpful for people to understand about nonsinusoidal system and its energy conversion much more deeply and substantialy, especially to gain new ideas on depressing and eliminating harmonic waves, and some new design method for more satisfying correcting power function, and different kinds of compensation and eliminating harmonic wave systems.

本文分析了传统的正弦系统有关定义及其与非正弦系统的异同，指出了前者存在的缺点，结合所给特例，讨论并确定了时域中非正弦系统有功电流和有功功率的严格定义，阐明了畸变功率在非正弦系统能量转换过程中所起的作用，在上述基础上，进而讨论并严格区分子无功电流、畸变电流、无功功率、畸变功率等的含义，并利用变分法给出了与上述含义相一致的各个概念的严格的数学定义；提出了新的功率体系。

The mian works are as follows:(1)By coprecipitation technique and coprecipitation- gel technique the nano zirconia powder was produced, factors affecting the properties of nano zirconia powder such as pH and the content of stabilizator are analyzed;(2)By the new pressless sintering process, the nano zirconia ceramic was produced, factors which can affecting the properties of nano zirconia sinter body such as moulding press and the sinter temperature are analyzed;(3)By the microtherm pressless sintering process, the nano copper added functional zirconia ceramic composite was produced, microscopic dimensionality and electric properties of such sinter body and the factors affecting such sinter body are analyzed;(4)By the self-invented "external albumen coating" technique the zirconia powder was successfully coated by carbon in the corresponding sinter body, which can help solve the traditional aggregation problem to some degree;(5)Based on analyze the characteristics in the nano powder sinter process, the "three-ball sinter model" was proposed, for the relationship between the relative density and porosity of sinter body, by mathematical fitting, such model was successfully verified.

本研究比较系统地研究了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的合成与成型机理，特别是讨论了纳米氧化锆陶瓷的稳定性，为防止纳米颗粒在外场作用下的团聚和长大提供了理论基础和实验数据，具体工作有以下几方面：(1)采用共沉淀法和共沉淀-凝胶法制备了纳米氧化锆粉体，并分析了pH值和稳定剂含量对粉体性能的影响；(2)采用新型无压烧结工艺制备了纳米氧化锆陶瓷，并分析了成型压力和烧结温度对烧结体性能的影响；(3)采用低温无压烧结工艺制备出添加纳米铜的功能性纳米氧化锆复合陶瓷，并分析了烧结体的微观尺度和电学性能的变化以及影响因素；(4)通过自创的&鸡蛋清外敷法&在真空镀膜台上对纳米氧化锆粉体进行包敷碳颗粒的表面处理，并采用真空烧结工艺制得相应烧结体，初步开始解决陶瓷烧结过程中团聚长大这一传统难题；(5)通过分析纳米颗粒在制备烧结体过程中的实际特点，提出了&三球烧结数学模型&，通过引入坯体相对密度和孔隙率的相对关系分析并通过自行编写的数学拟合软件，验证了这一数学模型。

Therefore, it can be regarded as a great improvement of the investment decision-making theory and methods .This article makes a systematic research on real options theory and method and its application, including the following several main aspects:Firstly, it makes a detailed discussion about the common theoretical basis of financial options and real options, including no-arbitrage equilibrium principle, risk-neutral definition, complete market and dynamic tracking.Secondly, it analyze three basic characteristic of investment decision-making in modern market economic system: irreversibility, uncertainty and flexibility, and from the angle of their mutual quantitative and qualitative interactions, it makes a comparison between the traditional NPV methods and real options methods and makes a summary of the general analytical methods of real options.Thirdly, it discusses the all elements in the application of real options such as the ^leakages in value of real assets, basis risk, and private risk, and furthermore, it attempts to put forth a normalized strategy of its application and construct a basic framework of its application.Fourthly, it applies real options theory to strategetic investment of enterprises and the buy-out of company, putting forth a value model for strategetic investment program and making a concrete analysis of its application to buy-out. Furthermore, it advocates that a flexible investment decision-making system should be setup according to real options theory in our country.

本文对实物期权理论和方法及其应用进行了系统研究，主要内容包括如下几个方面：(1)详细讨论了金融期权和实物期权共同的理论基础，主要包括无套利均衡原理、风险中性定义、完全市场以及动态复制方法，对这些理论方法的探讨既是本文的出发点和基础，它们提供了研究实际应用实物期权的一个基准点，也是贯穿全文的线索和灵魂；(2)分析了现代市场经济体系中投资决策的三个基本特征即不可逆性、不确定性和时机选择，并从它们数量上和质量上相互作用的重要意义的角度，分析了传统的净现值法与实物期权方法的差异，指出了净现值法在不确定环境中存在的缺陷及实物期权处理投资灵活性的价值，并将净现值法纳入实物期权投资分析决策体系当中，总结了企业投资决策实物期权的一般分析方法；(3)探讨了实物期权应用中要考虑的各种要素，如实物资产的价值漏损、基差风险和非市场风险等，并进一步提出了实物期权应用的规范化策略和构建了一个实际应用实物期权方法的基本框架，尝试将期权的基本原理与企业在现实经济环境中投资决策的要素结合起来，从而可以在一定程度上超越期权的复杂的数学计算而汲取期权思想的精华，从而促进期权决策方法在实际投资决策中的应用；(4)将实物期权方法应用于企业战略投资，得出了战略投资项目的价值模型，指出可以将实物期权理论和方法应用于企业并购，分析了应用的具体方面，并提出应根据实物期权理论建立一套适合我国企业的灵活的投资决策系统。

According to the definition and the distribution of VSR's voltage space vector, the introduction of a rule-based SVPWM current control strategy, with non-fixed switching frequency and dual hysteresis loops, that obviously improves the performance of current control. Based on two kinds of control strategies of VSR under unbalanced grid condition, the introduction of a new VSR control strategy featuring undamped-oscillation that simplifies the controller structure and effectively improves VSR's performance under unbalanced grid condition. A systematic description of the state switching in trilogic PWM signal generation of threephase CSR by using the conversion between bilogic and trilogic switching functions.

作者在如下工作的基础上对PWM整流器的一些关键问题提出了自己的研究思路、观点和方法：根据PWM整流器网侧矢量关系，直观地描述了其四象限运行的基本原理及特征；定量分析了VSR、CSR的PWM换相过程及波形特征；引入等效变压器模型并详细分析了VSR、CSR基于d—q模型的动、静态特性；提出了满足四象限有功、无功运行指标时的VSR交流侧电感设计方法；并提出了依据控制系统跟随性和抗扰性性能指标设计VSR、CSR直流侧储能元件的参数计算方法；在研究了VSR电流控制策略基础上，提出了影响VSR电流控制的几个要素，并进行了定量分析；根据VSR空间电压矢量的定义及分布，提出了基于规则控制的不定频滞环空间矢量PWM电流控制策略，并由此提出了具有双滞环特性的不定频滞环优化SVPWM电流控制策略，有效地改进了滞环PWM电流控制性能。

PVA removing process is optimized by orthogonal test, and by use of analysis of variance method, factors which affect PVA removing result and the final quality of fabric are also studied. The PVA removing process is optimized. Comparing with twist woven plain fabric whose woven parameters are same to corresponding twistless fabric, properties of twistless woven fabric including breaking strength, tear strength, flex abrasion, air permeability, water vapour transmission, pilling resistance, drape, dimensional stability, wicking, and dyeing uptake are tested.

无捻纱机织物与有捻纱机织物(文中所提到的这两种织物的织物密度、纱线的号数等织造参数相同)的对比试验是本文的又一重点，本文通过对比试验，测试了织物的拉伸性能、撕破性能、顶破性能、耐磨性能、外观保持性、悬垂性、刚柔性、透气性、透水性、芯吸性能，绘出了上染速率曲线等，得到了大量的对比数据，并以数据为基础进行了分析，得出结论为：无捻纱织物具有良好的透湿、保暖、吸湿性能以及柔软的手感和较高的覆盖率，这些都证明了无捻纱机织物有良好的舒适性。

The freight transportation can not, and be impossibly develops base on the sacrifice of environment and uncontrolled consumption of the resources. The developing way, which is high input, high consumption, high pollution and low efficiency, and focuses on expanding transport infrastructure, can not adapt to the fast and good economic social development, be difficult to continue, and needs to change urgently. Searching after the freight transportation developing way according with China\'s national conditions becomes a primary task.

随着经济社会的快速发展，未来货物运输发展将面临越来越严格的资源约束和环境约束，我国已不可能重复发达国家先发展、后治理的道路，货物运输发展不能够、也不可能建立在牺牲环境和无节制消耗资源的基础之上，以扩大运输基础设施规模为发展重点的高投入、高消耗、高污染、低效益的发展方式与经济社会又好又快发展的要求不相适应，已难以为继，迫切需要转变，探索符合我国国情的货物运输发展方式成为货物运输发展的首要任务。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。