无变量的

Due to the discreteness of transformer taps and the switching of shunt capacitance/reactance banks, the rigorous reactive power optimization is the problem of Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming involving both discrete and continuous variables.

在电力系统无功优化过程中，由于有载调压变压器分接头的存在和补偿电容／电抗器分组投切的离散特性，使得严格意义上的无功优化问题成为一个离散变量和连续变量共存的混合整数非线性规划(Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming，MINLP)问题。

Half penalty method and optimism design of ten connecting bar mechanism of plunger slide in double action drawing press;2. The essential boundary condition is imposed by employing a penalty method .

将选择施加在"虚结构"控制点上的虚载荷作为形状优化的设计变量，并将它与无网格Galerkin法相结合来开展结构形状优化研究，采用罚函数法来施加边界条件，通过直接微分法建立了结构形状优化的离散型灵敏度分析算法，利用无网格法研究了节点坐标关于设计变量导数的计算。

Optimal algorithm of combined nonlinear Hopfield network appears powerful validity in solving nonlinear planning, which includes nonlinear objective function, linear constrains and high-demension of decision-making variants, for its ability of nonlinear parallel computation. It is prominent among optimal algorithms because of its function of simply implement with electrocircuit hardware. Genetic algorithm is expressly suitable for optimal calculation regarding the planning of massive, highly nonlinear, inconsecutively differentiable and multiobjective function as well as objective function without analytical expression. However, it inclines to prematurity, as well as its limitation in ability of partial optimal search. Introducing the optimal algorithm of niche genetic simulated annealing to standard Genetic algorithm, can therefore improve the full-scale or partial search ability of Genetic algorithm effectively. It has a far-flung perspective in the field of systemic planning of water pollution control.

组合式非线性Hopfield网络优化算法所具有的非线性大规模并行计算能力在求解具有非线性目标函数、线性约束条件及高维决策变量的非线性规划问题方面显示出了强大的生命力，它易于电路硬件实现的功能更是在优化算法中独树一帜；遗传算法采用概率搜索技术，不受目标函数与约束条件的限制，特别适合大规模、高度非线性的不连续可微的多峰目标函数及无解析表达式的目标函数的规划问题的优化计算，但其存在容易早熟、局部寻优能力较差等缺点，本文在标准遗传算法中引入小生境技术及模拟退火算法有效地改善遗传算法的全局和局部搜索性能，提高了全局最优解的寻优质量，小生境遗传退火模拟优化算法在水污染控制系统规划中的应用前景极为广阔。

Probability distribution of anchoring data can be regarded as nonlinear programming with certain restriction. Programming with the restriction can be transferred to nonlinear programming without restriction by use of Lagrange Method and can be then easily resolved by step-acceleration method of one variable.

锚固强度参数的概率分布问题可以归结为带约束的非线性规划问题，利用条件极值的拉格朗日乘数法可以将带约束的规划问题转化为无约束的非线性规划问题，并可以采用运筹学中的单变量步长加速法非常方便地求解。

Acquired conclusion was that the sample mean value submitted to normal distribution, and the sample variance was composed of a number of linear sum of random variable submitted to Chi-Squared distr.

得出的结论是：样本均值服从正态分布，样本方差由若干个服从卡方分布的随机变量的线性之和组成；样本均值的期望等于各管落点期望的算术平均值，方差为各管方差的算术平均值；样本方差是各管落点总体平均方差的无偏估计，方差与各管落点散布的差异相关；样本均值与方差相互独立的充要条件是：各管落点属于独立同分布样本。

Considering linear and O-linear predictable variables, the author investigates optimal prediction problems by the trace of matrix. A few necessary conditions are derived and accordingly optimal linear and optimal O-linear unbiased predictors, which are unique with probabitity one, are obtained respectively by the author.

对于一类线性可预测变量和Φ-线性可预测变量，作者在矩阵迹意义下研究了一般增长曲线模型中最优预测问题，找到了其存在最优预测的几个必要条件，并在给定的条件下分别得到了最优线性无偏预测和最优Φ-线性无偏预测，而且还证明了它们在几乎处处意义下的唯一性。

Don.methodswith the stem of sterile seedling and fresh plants as exophyte, ms as a basic medium, 6-ba and naa hormone were adopted as the experimental variables.resultsms +1.0 mg / l 6-ba +1.0 mg / l naa induced the best effect of callus; higher concentrations of 6-ba with high concentrations of naa made callus densification and higher rate.conclusion different plant hormones and their different concentration ratios have different effects on the callus of halenia elliptica d.

方法以椭圆叶花锚种子培养的无菌苗的茎和新鲜植株的茎段为外殖体，ms为基本培养基，分别以6-ba和naa两种植物激素为变量进行实验研究。结果ms培养基+1.0 mg/l 6-ba+1.0 mg/l naa对诱导椭圆叶花锚愈伤组织的形成效果最佳；高浓度的6-ba配合较高浓度的naa诱导的愈伤组织致密，出愈率高。

Almost all instances generated by standard models are unsatisfiable with probability tending to 1 as the number of variables approaches infinity. In 1998, a survey by Gent et al. shows that most previous experimental studies about random CSP models are affected by this result.

也就是说，在多数情况下，当变量数趋近于无穷大时，经典模型产生的所有实例几乎都是无解的。1998年，英国学者 Gent 等人的综述表明：以往大多数有关随机 CSP 问题的实验研究都受到了此结果的影响。

The effect of iner- tia weight factor on performance of PSO is discussed.The results show that the particle swarm optimiza- tion algorithm with nonlinear inertia weight factor is suitable to solve multivariahle optimum design prob- lem...

结果表明，带动态非线性惯性因子的微粒群算法对求解多变量的干燥优化设计问题具有方法简单、所需微粒群规模小、收敛速度快等特点；采用部分废气循环并进行优化设计对干燥系统的节能具有十分重要的意义，对湿空气出口温度和废气循环比进行优化设计，其年总费用比无废气循环的常规设计节省18.2%，比循环比为0.2时的常规设计节省12.6%。

By defining a matrix function and introducing a free matrix U, the pole assignment constraint is relaxed, and the gradient σ2/U and σ2 σ2[V-1]/U are obtained. Thus robust design can be achieved by gradient method. Examples show that this method is very effective.

通过定义一矩阵函数并引入新的自由变量U，可放松极点配置的约束，并能系统的推导σ2/U及(σ2·σ2[V-1])/U，从而将鲁棒设计转化为无约束的梯度法寻优，实例说明，本文设计方法的效果很好。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。