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PART 1 UNIT 1 B Electrical and Electronic Engineering Basics A Electrical Networks ———————————— 3 Three-phase Circuits A The Operational Amplifier ——————————— 5 UNIT 2 B Transistors A Logical Variables and Flip-flop —————————— 8 UNIT 3 B Binary Number System A Power Semiconductor Devices —————————— 11 UNIT 4 B Power Electronic Converters A Types of DC Motors —————————————15 UNIT 5 B Closed-loop Control of DC Drivers A AC Machines ———————————————19 UNIT 6 B Induction Motor Drive A Electric Power System ————————————22 UNIT 7 B PART 2 UNIT 1 B Power System Automation Control Theory A The World of Control ————————————27 —————29 The Transfer Function and the Laplace Transformation UNIT 2 B A Stability and the Time Response ————————— 30 Steady State————————————————— 31 A The Root Locus ————————————— 32 ————— 33 UNIT 3 B The Frequency Response Methods: Nyquist Diagrams UNIT 4 A The Frequency Response Methods: Bode Piots ————— 34 B Nonlinear Control System 37 UNIT 5 A Introduction to Modern Control Theory B State Equations 40 38 UNIT 6 A Controllability, Observability, and Stability B Optimum Control Systems UNIT 7 A Conventional and Intelligent Control B Artificial Neural Network Computer Control Technology A Computer Structure and Function 42 B Fundamentals of Computer and Networks 43 44 PART 3 UNIT 1 UNIT 2 A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices B The Applications of Computers 46 UNIT 3 A PLC Overview B PACs for Industrial Control, the Future of Control UNIT 4 A Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer 49 B Understanding DSP and Its Uses 1 UNIT 5 A A First Look at Embedded Systems B Embedded Systems Design Process Control A A Process Control System B 50 PART 4 UNIT 1 Fundamentals of Process Control 52 53 UNIT 2 A Sensors and Transmitters B Final Control Elements and Controllers UNIT 3 A P Controllers and PI Controllers B PID Controllers and Other Controllers UNIT 4 A Indicating Instruments B Control Panels Control Based on Network and Information A Automation Networking Application Areas B Evolution of Control System Architecture PART 5 UNIT 1 UNIT 2 A Fundamental Issues in Networked Control Systems B Stability of NCSs with Network-induced Delay UNIT 3 A Fundamentals of the Database System B Virtual Manufacturing—A Growing Trend in Automation UNIT 4 A Concepts of Computer Integrated Manufacturing B Enterprise Resources Planning and Beyond Synthetic Applications of Automatic Technology A Recent Advances and Future Trends in Electrical Machine Drivers B System Evolution in Intelligent Buildings PART 6 UNIT 1 UNIT 2 A Industrial Robot B A General Introduction to Pattern Recognition UNIT 3 A Renewable Energy B Electric Vehicles UNIT 1 A

电路 2 电路或电网络由以某种方式连接的电阻器，电感器和电容器等元件组成。如果网络不包含能源，如电池或发电机，那么就被称作无源网络。换句话说，如果存在一个或多个能源，那么组合的结果为有源网络。在研究电网络的特性时，我们感兴趣的是确定电路中的电压和电流。因为网络由无源电路元件组成，所以必须首先定义这些元件的电特性。就电阻来说，电压-电流的关系由欧姆定律给出，欧姆定律指出：电阻两端的电压等于电阻上流过的电流乘以电阻值。在数学上表达为： u=iR (1-1A-1)式中 u=电压，伏特；i =电流，安培；R =电阻，欧姆。纯电感电压由法拉第定律定义，法拉第定律指出：电感两端的电压正比于流过电感的电流随时间的变化率。因此可得到：U=Ldi/dt 式中 di/dt =电流变化率，安培/秒； L =感应系数，享利。电容两端建立的电压正比于电容两极板上积累的电荷 q 。因为电荷的积累可表示为电荷增量 dq 的和或积分，因此得到的等式为 u=，式中电容量 C 是与电压和电荷相关的比例常数。由定义可知，电流等于电荷随时间的变化率，可表示为 i = dq/dt。因此电荷增量 dq 等于电流乘以相应的时间增量，或 dq = i dt，那么等式(1-1A-3)可写为式中 C =电容量，法拉。

RESULTS: The AF cells cultured in different substrates were morphologically undistinguishable. Toluidine blue staining showed that there was also no difference between AF cells cultured on flexible silicone membranes and in plastic plates. The cells growing in different substrates expressed the same levels of collagen typeⅠ,Ⅱ and aggrecan mRNA and integrin β1. AF cells grew well on silicone membranes.

结果：种植于不同基质的纤维环细胞形态学观察无明显差别；在两种基质上的纤维环细胞甲苯胺蓝染色无差异；Ⅰ，Ⅱ型胶原及聚集蛋白聚糖mRNA及细胞膜整合素β1的表达亦无明显差异；纤维环细胞可以黏附于硅橡胶膜上生长。

Under the different sowing seeds way the soil ulmin, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, the fast-acting phosphorus content present the tendency which in 0-40cm various soil layers increases along with the soil layer depth reduces, take 0-10cm soil layer soil content as biggest; The change tendency which the colleague mixes broadcasts mixes with the interlacing broadcasts the change tendency which the lawn fast-acting potassium presents reduces, after the unicast awnless brome lawn presents falls first, increases again falls, take 0-10cm and 20-30cm soil layer soil content as biggest, is 80, and achieves the extremely remarkable difference with other soil layers between; pH presents increases the tendency.

混播草地上牧草根系死亡后，能在土壤中遗留大量的有机质，在土壤微生物的作用下形成土壤腐殖质，其中有丰富的氮、磷、钾等元素。无芒雀麦，又名禾萱草，无芒草，是世界上分布较广，应用较多的优良牧草；是草地补播和建立人工草地的理想草种。无芒雀麦生长快，竞争力强，在杂草较多的草荒地上种植，也能获得成功，为我国温带和寒温带建造人工草地的当家草种。

Plantlet regeneration from cotyledon of Citrullus lanatus cv. Zhangkang No. 4 was studied. The results showed that aseptic seedlings should be cultured in dark for 3d, then exposed to a photoperiod of 16/8h/d for 3d. The callus induction rate was higher in cotyledons placed facing downwards to the medium than in those facing upwards. The highest induction rate occurred in MS medium containing 6-BA (2.0mg/L), kinetin (1.0mg/L)and GA3 (1.0mg/L). The induction initiated in dark and took 7 days, while callus growth and differentiation proceeding for 7 days under 16/8h light-dark cycles. A highest rate of embryogenic callus was obtained after 3 successive subcultures.

以无子西瓜郑抗4号无菌苗子叶为外植体，进行了体细胞胚发生及植株再生的研究，结果表明，无菌苗应先进行3d暗培养，然后采取光照16h/d和黑暗8h/d培养3d；将子叶的叶面朝下放置于培养基上的愈伤组织诱导率高于叶面朝上的培养方式；子叶诱导胚性愈伤组织的最适培养基配方为MS+6-BA2.0mg/L+KT1.0mg/L+GA31.0mg/L；诱导需要在黑暗条件下启动，进行7d暗培养，而生长分化于光照16h/d和黑暗8h/d条件下培养7d；继代3次得到的胚性愈伤组织最多；最适生根培养基配方为1/2MS+IBA0.3mg/L。

The biomechanical tests showed that two kinds of artificial bones had not significant difference on compressive strength and Young\'s modulus(P＞0.05),while the flexural strength of nano-nacre artificial bone was less than the control group(P＜0.05).3.The results of CCK-8 showed that the difference were not significant in each group,the proliferation of osteoblast reached the peak at the 5th day;7 days after being co-cultured,the total protein content of study group was higher than control group and blank group(P＜0.05),while the difference between control group and blank group was not significantP＞0.05The difference of alkaline phosphatase activities among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05The SEM view showed that osteoblast attached and grew well in two kinds of artificial bone.4.X-ray photography showed that two kinds of powder started to degrade in 2 weeks;this phenomenon became more appear in 4 weeks,nano-nacre powder degraded faster than micron-nacre powder,while the hole shadow was easy to be found;in 8 weeks,all the femoral holes recovered and returned to normal bone mineral density in all groups.Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone grew fastest around the bone defect area in study group,while most slowly in blank groupP＜0.05 SEM(scanning electron microscope observation showed that nano-nacre powder degraded more quickly.The same result can be found through the demineralized sections morphometric analysis,and both of the composite artificial bones made from those two kinds of nacre powder had the good connection with the adjacent tissue in rats body without apparent inflammatory response.5.X-ray photography showed that rabbit\'s bone defects healed faster in study group since NNAB implanted than in control group since MNAB implanted.At 24 weeks after operation,bone density in radial defects had nearly accessed to the normal area,while lower in control group,and turned up nonunion in blank group;The checking of BMD showed that results in study group were higher than those in control group at 8,16 and 24 week(P＜0.05), and the difference between the BMD values in study group at 24 week and those in blank group was not significant(P＞0.05).The gross specimens showed satisfactory histocompatibility both in study group and in control group,with bone tissue growing from two sides into the center of implanted materials; Normal slices in HE stain and hard tissue grinding slices in Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin stain showed that the bone growth tendency was better in study group than that in control group,and the medullary cavity had been penetrated to the implanted materials in study group at 24 week;Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone in both groups grew fastest 8 weeks after surgery,while slow down at 16 week.

纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨分别与成骨细胞共培养后，其各时间点CCK-8法检测值与空白对照无显著差异(P＞0.05)，成骨细胞均在第5天达到增殖高峰期；培养7天后，实验组细胞蛋白含量高于对照组及空白组(P＜0.05)，后两者之间则无显著差异P＞0.05碱性磷酸酶活性在三组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05电镜下可见成骨细胞在两种人工骨上都有良好生长贴附能力。4.X-ray显示两种粉体在大鼠股骨骨洞植入第2周时都开始出现了降解，第4周时更为明显，纳米珍珠层粉较之微米珍珠层粉降解更快，而空白对照组骨洞阴影仍可见，至8周时，则所有组骨洞均己闭合修复，X-ray下已不可见原钻孔痕迹，恢复正常骨质密度；硬组织磨片四环素荧光双标记结果显示纳米珍珠层粉植入组较其余两组在骨缺损区周围新骨生长速度更快，空白组速度最慢P＜0.05电镜观察及常规脱钙切片亦可见到纳米粉体降解较快；由以上两种原材料制得的纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨在大鼠体内均与周围组织结合良好，无明显炎症反应。5.X-ray显示纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入兔桡骨缺损区后其骨愈合速度较对照组微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入的快，至植入术后24周，实验组骨缺损区接近正常骨密度，对照组骨缺损区密度较低，空白组则呈现骨不连状态；骨密度测量结果显示术后8周、16周、24周实验组的骨密度值高于对照组(P＜0.05，24周实验组的骨密度值与术前所测得的正常值无显著性差异P＞0.05动物取材大体所见均显示组织相容性良好，骨组织逐渐由植入材料两端向中央生长；常规切片HE染色及硬组织磨片Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin联合染色均可见实验组骨缺损区长势优于对照组，至术后24周，实验组骨髓腔与材料已呈相交通状；硬组织磨片荧光显微镜下观察，两组材料在术后8周处于骨生长最快速时期，16周时速度开始减慢，术后4、8、16周时实验组的新骨生长速度均较对照组的快

The expression of Cat V was significantly raised in the epithelial-rich and mixed cell thymomas when compared with that in the lymphocyte-rich ones. No statistically significant difference was found on the variables such as perioperative myasthenic crisis, sex or age of patient, duraton of sickness and expression of Cat V.

上皮细胞型(75.00%)和混合细胞型(85.00%)胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率显著高于淋巴细胞型(21.21%)(P.01)，而上皮细胞型与混合细胞型之间差异无统计学意义；良性与恶性胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率差异无统计学意义；男性患者与女性患者之间、35岁以上患者与以下患者之间胸腺瘤中Cat V阳性表达率差异均无统计学意义。

Results The expression of p16 was significantly higher in CIN than in normal cervixes(P.01),It was significanthly hi...

结果p16蛋白在CIN中的表达高于正常宫颈上皮(P.01)，在宫颈癌中的表达也高于正常宫颈上皮(P.01)，且高于CIN中的表达(P.05)；bcl-2蛋白在CIN中的表达高于正常宫颈上皮(P.01)，在宫颈癌中的表达也高于正常宫颈上皮(P.01)，但与CIN中表达无差异。p16和bcl-2两种蛋白在CIN和宫颈癌中的表达无明显差异。

Thus, It becomes very hard for Ling to strike upward to assist Shin while she is going to be attacked by the teeth of sun crow's rods—Ling, yet, knows Shin will be alright by and large so she just gives priority to protect herself by verifying the direction of attacks with hearing.

皇无空冷笑一声，伸出翅膀飞到空中，同时金乌在皇无空身后更高处使出日晖结界，这麼一来，金灵要仰攻协助童心就非常困难，还会受到金乌尖刺攻击—不过金灵知道童心基本上可以无碍，就以听音辨器之术自保为主，不久发现尖刺伤不了金灵的金乌放缓了攻势，金灵便抽空眯眼朝上望去，看见皇无空臂上闪闪发亮的金属支架，突然灵机一动

Type of guide Loading method Block mounting direction Ball retainer Ball Cage Ball Radial Type Top surface mount Yes None LaCS is available Plate cover / steel tape is available Dust cover type Seal Resistance Value Seal types for seal resistance value None None None 1.30 UU Dedicated cap for the LM rail mounting hole Applicable to QZ Lubricator Lubrication method Grease brand Nipple, plumbing fixture type C3 None Greas...

导轨型号负荷方式滑块安装方向防止滚珠脱落用保持器球保持器滚珠径向型从上安装有无与LaCS配用可选用紧绷薄钢带/粘接薄钢带防尘罩形式密封垫片阻力值各种阻力值的密封垫片无无无 1.30 UU LM轨道安装孔专用防尘盖可配用QZ润滑装置润滑方式润滑脂品牌螺纹接口、配管接头型式 C3 无脂润滑，油润滑。。。

After clarifying the meanings of non-recourse in forfaiting transactions, this chapter conveys the methods which may be adopted by exporters to accomplish non-recourse treatment under different laws, including foreign laws and the corresponding Chinese laws. Then, it expatiates on the relativity of the effects of non-recourse, with a further analysis of the conditions which should be satisfied by the exporter so as to enjoy thenon-recourse treatment.

本章在阐释无追索权的含义的基础上，具体分析了在中外不同法律制度下出口商可以采用的无追索权的实现方式，最后论述了无追索权在效力上的相对性，并进一步分析了出口商为享受无追索权待遇而必须满足的先决条件。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。