旁线

Results Chronic nasopharyngitis is mainly showed as shallow infundibuliform recess change, localized or permeable incrassation of nasopharyngeal wall, nasopharynx shape weird with complication sinusitis.Parapharyngeal space compression to slight,general not to accompany otomastoiditis. Structure is integrity of basion, mucosal line is Integrity of mucous membrane of nasopharynx at enhancement scanning.

结果 慢性鼻咽炎主要表现为咽隐窝变浅、鼻咽壁局限性增厚、鼻咽壁弥漫性增厚、局部软组织肿块、鼻咽形态怪异、伴副鼻窦炎等，咽旁间隙受压较轻，一般不伴中耳乳突炎，颅底骨质结构完整，增强扫描鼻咽粘膜线完整。

Thus it provides a theoretical basis for design and adjustment of refector antenna, particularly the modified Cassegrain antenna.

一、引言在反射面天线系统的设计中，相位中心的位置是一很重要的参数，因为它决定了馈源在反射面夭线系统中的相对位置，优选馈源的相位中心是提高夭线增益，控制旁瓣和交叉极化电平的有效手段。

The technology specification for heating boiler, top air fan, air conditioning unit, start-up boiler, condensate pump, water ring vacuum pump, high-low bypass, automatic filter, closed cooling water heat exchanger, closed circulating cooling water pump, heavy oil treatment line, industrial waste water treatment equipment, water technology pump, steel valve gate, circulating water pump, oily waste water treatment, rotating type screen, chemical water treatment, UPS, generator-transformer unit fault wave recording, generator, main transformer and HV unit auxiliary transformer protection, synchronizing device, fast changeover, DC panel and high frequency switch and battery.

采暖锅炉，层顶风机，空调机组，启动锅炉，凝结水泵，水环式真空泵，高低旁路，自动滤水器，闭式冷却水换热器，闭式循环冷却水泵，重油处理线，工业废水处理设备，水工专业水泵，钢闸门，循环水泵，含油污水处理，旋转滤网，化学水处理，UPS，发变组故障录波，发电机，主变压器及高厂变保护，同期装置，快切，直流柜及高频开关，蓄电池等设备的技术规范书。

Parapharyngeal space was divided into two parts by the line from styloid process to pharyngeal recess;preparapharyngeal and retroparapharyngeal space,It was better to show relationship of structures in the retroparapharyngeal space with CT.

但关于咽旁间隙的CT影像解剖，尤其是定量研究资料尚较缺乏，为此笔者在CT图像上对咽旁间隙及咽旁结构进行了观察、测量，以期为此区疾病的影像诊断提供解剖学资料。1 材料和方法在GE980 0型CT机上，沿眶耳线向下连续扫描，层厚 5mm。

Anterior and posterior parapharyngeal space were determined by a line between the styloid process and the pharyngeal recess, anatomical structures of the posterior parapharyngeal space and their relations could be better displayed on CT images.

自茎突至咽隐窝的连线将咽旁间隙分为咽旁前、后间隙，CT图像能较好显示咽旁后间隙内各结构的相互关系。

objective the purpose of this study was to summarize our experience of the application of internal rigid fixation with miniplate to treatment of mandibular fractures.methods a retrospective analyisis of clinical data of 67 cases,who had experienced the anatomic reduction and rigid fixation by using miniplate.with the help of maxillomandibular distraction pre operation and post operation and temporary maxillomandibular fixation during operation,the fracture bones were smoothly reduced and fixed.results clinical and radiographic examination showed that all cases gained good clinical results and precise anatomic alignment of fracture postoperatively without infection,malocclusion,bone malunion or other complications.conclusion mocortical miniplate fixation of the mandible is a reliable and effective techinique providing rigid fixation and an ideal modality for the treatment of mandibular fractures.combined with maxillomandibular fixation.

对67例下颌骨骨折患者的临床资料进行回顾总结，所有患者应用小型接骨板行坚固内固定治疗。其中7例颏部骨折，12例颏旁骨折，16例颏孔区骨折，9例体部多发性骨折，5例体部粉碎性骨折；18例合并其他部位骨折。所有患者术前经临床检查和影像学检查明确骨折的位置和骨折线的数目后，分段牙弓夹板结扎、颌间弹性牵引，使移位的骨折段逐渐复位；术中经口内切开复位、细钢丝颌间结扎、小型接骨板坚固内固定；术后行临床检查和影像学复查，必要时颌间弹性牵引7～10 d。结果所有患者手术切口ⅰ期愈合，治疗效果满意；临床检查所有患者牙合关系良好、面部对称；影像学复查证实骨折线对位良好。结论经口内切开小型接骨板坚固内固定辅以颌间固定治疗下颌骨骨折效果可靠，术后并发症少，是一种理想的手术方法。

At interphase, there is no cytoplasmic channel in the cell walls of PMCs; At zygonema and pachynema, a lot of cytoplasmic channel, ranging in diameter from 150nm to 600nm, appears; After pachynema, the number of channels decrease rapidly.

在间期的花粉母细胞间未见胞质通道，胞质通道在偶线期前后形成并开放，在粗线期以后迅速减少。在细线期和偶线期，花粉母细胞细胞质膜与细胞壁之间的质外体出现大量的小泡，即所谓的壁旁体。

Abstract］ objective to discuss radiological findings of parosteal osteosarcoma on emphasis combined with clinical pathology and literature.methods 4 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma proved by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.results female was 3 cases,male was 1 case,average age was 30.5 years old,these tumors were arised on posterior border of distal femur and popliteal cavity,presented as lobular dense ossified mass,defined lesion.one case had villose margin.a thin narrow lucent zone separated the mass from the cortex at two cases.one case underwent angiography,there was no malignant feature.conclusion parosteal osteosarcoma may be divided into low-grade type and high-grade type.radiological manifestations of early stage possess character,early diagnosis conduces to establish rational treating plan and evaluate prognosis.

目的 结合临床病理学特征和文献资料，重点讨论皮质旁骨肉瘤的x线特征。方法收集经手术、病理证实的皮质旁骨肉瘤病例4例，对其进行回顾性分析。结果 4例患者女3例，男1例，平均年龄30.5岁，肿瘤均发生于股骨远端后侧和腘窝处，表现为分叶状致密骨化肿块，边界清晰，其中1例边缘呈绒毛状改变，2例有细窄透亮带与骨皮质相隔，1例行血管造影，未见血管池等恶性征象。结论皮质旁骨肉瘤分为低度恶性和高度恶性两种，早期影像学表现有特征性，早期诊断有助于制订相应的治疗方案和评估预后。

Results:The main radiological manifestations of the interface of peripheral cancerized gastric ulcer are: Small segment with prominent, regular margin, clubbed plica, slim plicae reaching the margin of the niche or margin of the small segment of are prominent. The radiological presentations of gastric cancerized ulcers are mainly tortuous large plicea and slim striped plicae, and the pathologic changes under microscope are mainly chronic superficial gastritis.

结果：胃溃疡癌变溃疡病灶与周围交界面主要X线表现为小段弧形隆起，边缘较规则，杵状皱襞、纤细皱襞可达溃疡龛影的边缘或小段弧形隆起的边缘；溃疡旁X线表现以迂曲粗大皱襞及纤细条纹状皱襞为主，病理镜下改变是以慢性浅表性胃炎为主。

In gastric ulcerocancer, the main radiological changes of the interface are small teniform non-plicae area, the slim irregular plicae near the ulcer connecting with distal clubbed plicae. The juxta-ulcer presentation are instinct mucosal plicae, especially blurred teniform plicae and reticular plicae accompanying with "target sign" in most cases and the pathologic changes of peri-ulcer are chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal epithelial metaplsia and epithelial heterotypic hyperplasia of gastric mucosal etc.

溃疡型胃癌溃疡病灶与周围交界面主要X线表现为小带状无皱襞区，近溃疡侧的纤细不规则皱襞与远侧的杵状皱襞相接；溃疡旁X线表现是粘膜皱襞影像多较模糊，尤以模糊条纹状皱襞及模糊网格状伴有&靶征&居多，病理镜下改变是以慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生及胃粘膜上皮异型增生等癌前病变为主。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。