施肥

Development and the components of exudates and bleaching sap in the root of cucumber seedlings were examined to elucidate the response of the rhizosphere to CO2 enrichment treatments (one time in the morning and twice in the morning and afternoon).

为探讨温室蔬菜CO2施肥的根际效应，以黄瓜幼苗为试材，研究了CO2施肥（上午施肥/上、下午施肥；施肥浓度/对照浓度(950±50)/(350±50)μmol/mol CO2）对根系生长及分泌物和伤流液组成的影响。

Single-fertilizer effect models as well as 1 fertilization model and 3 balance fertilization parameters for the glebe experiment area are produced.

本研究在田间施肥量试验的基础上为水田试验区配出了单一肥料效应模型6个，施肥模型1个，平衡施肥参数3项；为旱田试验区配出了单一肥料效应模型6个，施肥模型1个，平衡施肥参数3项。

The contents of N, P, K in leaves were examined by regular leaf analysis. The results showed that the N content was higher in leaf blade than in leafstalk. N content in leaf was gradually reduced along with the vine growth. N, F, K fertilized at 20 to 40 cm soil layers significantly increased N content in leaf. But N content in leafstalk was less affected by N fertilization depth and growing season. P content was higher in leafstalk than in leaf blade. Less change of P content was noticed in leaf along with vine growth. However, N, P, K fertilized at 40 to 60 cm soil layers significantly promoted P in both leaf blade and leafstalk. K content in leafstalk was much higher than in leaf Wade. No obvious influence was noticed by fertilizing depth. But K content in leafstalk was significantly increased due to applied K fertilizer in late growing season.

结果表明，酿酒葡萄叶片中氮含量远高于叶柄，叶片中氮素含量随着生育期的延长逐渐降低，而叶柄中氮含量随施肥深度增加和生育期延长而产生的变化很小，40cm的施肥深度能显著增加叶片中氮素含量；叶柄磷素平均含量高于叶片，全生育期叶片磷含量变化很小，而施肥60cm深度显著促进了叶片和叶柄中磷含量的提高；叶柄中钾含量远高于叶片，施肥深度对叶柄和叶片中钾含量未产生明显影响，但生育后期追施钾肥显著提高叶片钾含量；施肥深度达到40cm时酿酒葡萄的产量最高，而60cm的施肥深度产量显著下降。

The results showed that the grain yield of winter wheat with two-irrigation was higher than that with one-irrigation with the same nitrogen application rate and method. Compared to one-irrigation,the grain number per spike in two-irrigation was higher,the 1000-grain weight was lower, the water wastage was higher, but the WUE was lower. The yield was not affected significantly by nitrogen rates and the methods. Within the nitrogen rate of 157.5-295.5kg/hm2, the lower NUPE and Nitrogen Productivity declined with nitrogen rate increasing. NHI was not lower than the others at the lowest nitrogen rate of 157.5kg/hm2. The accumulation of NO3--N in soil was significantly and positively correlated with the nitrogen application rate. NO3--N in one-irrigation was distributed mainly in the top layer (0-80cm), but it was inverse in two-irrigation.

结果表明，施氮量和施氮方式相同时春浇二水冬小麦的产量高于春浇一水，二水穗粒数较一水高，千粒重则低于一水，一水耗水量较少，水分利用效率明显高于二水；同一水分下不同施肥量及施肥方式对产量的影响差异不显著，同一施肥方式下在157.5-295.5kg/hm2范围内，施肥量越大，氮素生理效率和氮肥生产力越低，施氮157.5kg/hm2时，氮收获指数均处在最高或较高水平；土壤硝态氮残留量与施氮量呈显著正相关，成熟期一水条件下土壤中硝态氮主要集中在上层(0~80cm)，二水条件下则主要分布在中下层。

Fertilizing date presented obvious effects on root growth and distribution. Fertilization after watering was more primitive to the root in up-soil layers than before watering. Fertilization of Ca-Mg was positive to the increase of root in 5-15cm soil layer, but negative to that in the surface layer. Both fertilization date and Ca-Mg fertilizer affected root vigor obviously.

施肥时期对根系也具有明显的影响，与灌水前施肥相比，灌水后施肥有利于促进根系在上层土壤中的生长和分布；钙镁肥的施用能增加5~15cm土层根重，但对表层根的生长不利，施肥时期和钙镁肥施用与否对根系活力的影响也较大。

Computer aid cotton field nutrients regionalize management based on nutrients spatial interpolating and fertilizer recommendation system based on GIS were studied.

以新疆生产建设兵团芳草湖农场、新湖农场和81、89团为基地，通过多点分散肥料试验建立了综合施肥模型并对几种施肥模型和模型参数进行了研究；应用反射仪测定棉株硝酸盐含量，建立了棉花快速营养诊断追肥指标；应用农田养分分析数据和相关农业技术资料，建立了芳草湖农场GIS数据库；建立了基于GIS、以综合施肥模型为核心的棉田养分分区管理和推荐施肥系统。

Using quadratic rotational regression combination design to study the influence on yield and economic characters in different fertilizer and density of the rape, the result showed that the influence of density and fertilizer on yield and active silique per plant were significant but the quantity and weight of seed, while the influence of density on active silique per plant was higher than that of fertilizer but on yield was contrary.

结果表明，在本试验范围内，施肥量和密度对油菜单株有效角果数和产量均有显著的影响，对单株有效角果数的影响是密度大于施肥量，而对产量的影响则是施肥量大于密度；单株有效角果数的最佳组合为施肥量以纯氮227.0kg/hm2、密度9.4万株/hm2，产量的最佳组合为施肥量以纯氮235.7kg/hm2、密度10.6万株/hm2；当控制施肥量、密度分别为214.4—256.9kg/hm2、10.1—11.1万株/hm2时，油菜产量可达3000kg/hm2以上。

The result of fertilizer management of Sutian8 shows: what use the fertilizer of early stage handled, the plant height, ear height, stem thickness, leaf area etc. were better than early stage apparently, did not apply fertilizer to hand. Fertilized in lump sum on early stage, although expression was sent early for strong sprout, had also formed high-yield group, but later stage had the phenomenon of premature senility; Early stage did not be applied fertilizer, even if in late stage mend the fertilizer of equal quality could not also remedy. Corn ear output and quality would not raised unless the fertilizer applied at prophase (45%-60%), metaphase and anaphase had a certain proportion.

苏甜八号不同时期肥料运筹试验结果表明：施用前期肥的处理，无论是在株高、穗高、茎粗、叶面积等植株性状上，还是在果穗、产量性状上均显著优于前期不施肥的处理，前期一次性重施肥，虽表现为壮苗早发，也形成了丰产群体，但后期有早衰现象，前期不施肥，即使中后期补施同等数量的肥料也无法弥补因前期不施肥所造成摘要的影响，只有前、中、后按一定比例且适当提高前期肥的用量(45%一6006)才有利于提高鲜果穗产量和商品品质。

The difference in yield, its components, basic characteristics such as mean size and bare tip length of cobs, plant height, base internode diameter, secondary root number per plant, LAI and DMW at the same measuring date, between the three treatments were insignificant respectively; the optimized fertilization made the three leaves around corn cob rather smaller, the cob leaf slightly thinner, a decrease of the cob leaf chlorophyll content at greater rate at the later stage, and dry matter accumulation amount slightly reduced from flowering to grain filling.

在优化施肥、秸秆还田优化施肥及传统施肥条件下，夏玉米穗长、穗粗、秃顶长、株高、基部伸长节间粗度、单株各层次生根条数、同一时期的叶面积指数和干物质积累量无显著性差异。在优化施肥条件下，夏玉米棒三叶总叶面积略微减少，穗位叶叶片略微变薄，生育后期穗位叶叶绿素含量下降稍快，吐丝-收获的干物质积累量略有下降。

Treatments were as follows: fertilization during leaf-expansion period, fertilization during green-leaf period, and no fertilizer. Results showed that individual leaf area, thousand-leaf weight, and leaf distribution were relatively stable with little influence from fertilization. Fertilization during leaf-expansion compared to the green leaf period significantly increased leaf number, leaf weight per plant, and leaf area index. Fertilization during led-expansion also significantly increased the total weight of leaves corresponding to each branch. The 14th to the 17th branches had the largest number of leaves in the canopy with fertilization increasing the weight of each branch but not changing the center of the canopy.

结果表明：毛竹单叶面积、千叶质量和叶片分布受施肥的影响较小，是较为稳定的指标；展叶期施肥处理（处理1）能显著增加单株立竹的叶片数量，到7月底，其单株立竹叶片总质量和叶面积指数分别比绿叶期施肥（处理2）提高14.8%和13.7%，比不施肥提高27.6%和24.5%；冠层14~17档是单枝叶片数量最多的区域，施肥能增加各枝盘叶片的质量，但对林冠重心的分布无影响；单叶叶面积稳定后（6月），处理1的叶绿素测定值和光合速率显著高于处理2和对照，而处理2与对照间无显著差异。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。