方言研究

This article mainly introduced Ningyuan's geographical position, in the county boundary the dialect atlas situation, separately from aspects and so on noun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition and classifier showed its characteristic and pointed out the example to come to compare, has utilized the comparison test, through the Ningyuan dialect and the standard spoken Chinese comparison, the investigation and study, discovered that the Ningyuan dialect and the standard spoken Chinese in the glossary difference, introduced the Ningyuan dialect glossary the general picture, showed in the Ningyuan dialect glossary some characteristics, the discussion dialect glossary and the dialect glossary research work important meaning

本文主要介绍了宁远的地理位置、县境内方言分布情况，分别从名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词和量词等方面说明其特点并举出实例来加以比较，运用了比较法，通过宁远方言与普通话比较、调查研究，发现宁远方言与普通话在词汇上的差别，来介绍宁远方言词汇的概貌，说明宁远方言词汇上的一些特点，讨论方言词汇及方言词汇调查研究工作的重要意义。

Based on dialect theories from "the general linguistics course" by Saussure, the "language" by Bloomfield and the "language" by Sapir, we make an comparative study from six aspects: difference between dialect and language; partition of dialect; divergence of language; spread of dialect; complexity of the dialect; dialect, geography.

文章就索绪尔《普通语言学教程》、布龙菲尔德《语言论》、萨丕尔《语言论》三部语言学名著中的方言理论从六个方面进行了比较研究：方言与语言的区别；方言的分区问题；语言差异问题；方言的传播；方言的复杂性；方言地理学问题。

Chinese dialectology devotes itself to a description of the pronunciation and vocabulary of Chinese dialects, and extends to grammar in recent years, but less studies are made in dialect rhetoric, which seems not fit in the important role of dialect in peoples language life.

汉语方言学致力于方言语音、词汇的描写，近些年加强了语法的研究，但方言修辞一直未引起足够的重视，与方言在人们日常生活中的作用很不相称。

This paper mainly adopts the study methods of traditional dialectology. Based on the fieldwork, the paper describes the phonetic system of Chengkan dialect in detail.

本文主要采用传统方言学的研究方法，在两次田野调查的基础上，对呈坎方言的语音系统进行了较为全面、细致的描写，整理出了呈坎方言音系、同音字汇、儿化韵表、词汇表、语法例句及呈坎方言与中古语音声韵调对照表，总结了该方言的音韵特点，归纳了儿化和文白异读的规律，初步讨论了古全浊声母的今读和韵母的特点两个专题。

The fuzzy quantitative analysis has penetrated into many areas and played a promising role in translatology, rhetorics, phonetics and dialectology.

模糊理论界目前对该理论的研究还有待加深，但这一理论已渗透到翻译学科、修辞理论研究、语音学、以及方言研究等领域之中，具有很大的发展潜力，也是论文作者在以后的学习、工作中重点关注的领域之一。

Second, From the internal comparison of linzhang dialect,I find that the difference from east to west is smaller and the difference is larger from south to north ,particularly the southern Zhanghe is affected by vicinity dialects, the tail is abundant and the suffixation of the northen Zhanghe is increasing under the influence of the Standard Chinese. The exterior comparison includes the comparison of the linzhang dialect vocabulary to that of the vicinity and that of the Standard Chinese. The comparison with the vicinity dialects reveals the ralationship of the Linzhang dialects with the vicinity dialects and inquire into its reason. Third, Through the comparison between the dialect and the Standard Chinese from the aspects of sallable, morpheme,affixation, I reveal the vocabulary-made characteristics of the Linzhang dialect---- to have abundant affix. Last, we divide the vocabulary in the Linzhang dialect into the Ancient Chinese words,the Medieval Chinese words,the Modern Chinese words,the Modern Chinese words by the historical view.

漳河北受普通话影响比较大，儿化现象比较突出；外部比较主要通过临漳与周围县，如安阳、魏县、磁县、成安县等，方言词汇的比较以及与普通话词汇的比较，揭示了临漳方言与周围县方言的亲疏关系，并探讨了其原因； 3、临漳方言词汇的构词特点，主要从构词的角度，从音节、语素、附加式构成几个方面与普通话进行了比较，突出了临漳方言词汇词缀构词的特点； 4、临漳方言词汇的历史层次是从汉语史的角度对词汇进行的分类研究，从词汇产生的时代划分出上古汉语词汇、中古汉语词汇、近代汉语词汇以及现代汉语词汇。

With the probing enthusiasm toward the novel keeps growing, the study of the dialect in it has also attracted much scholarly interest. Thus essay, a brief review of the dialectological study o...

本文对近一二十年的《金瓶梅》方言研究作一简单回顾，指出了研究中存在的问题，主张以理性代替热情，提高研究的科学化程度。

Its features are that description of single grammatical points exceeds comparative studies; researches on special issues are more numerable than grammatical system; static research exceeds dynamic research; and investigation and description is more than theoretical studies.

未来方言语法研究应加强方言语法的调查工作，开展立体化的方言语法研究，加快方言语法比较研究的步伐，提高理论研究的深度，建立方言语法研究的方法论体系。

The dialect can provide plentiful references for Chinese research and the numeral expressions as well as the quantity of the plural mark in Chinese dialectal personal pronoun are quite rich, therefore it has the vital significance to study Chinese plural pattern from the personal pronoun system of Chinese dialect, which may deepen the understanding to the question of Chinese plural pattern and promote the further study of pronoun system.

方言为汉语的研究提供殷实的土壤，方言中人称代词复数标记数量多、表现形式丰富，因此从汉语方言人称代词的复数表现形式来研究汉语的复数形态问题可以深化对汉语复数形态问题的认识，推动对代词系统的进一步研究。

The Shangluo dialects are very complicated because of immigration. The local dialects belong to the north dialects, while the guest dialects belong to the south dialects. The local dialects develop faster than the guest dialects, the latter are relatively conventional. In fact their differences of phonetics structure at synchronic planes just reflect each phase of Chinese dialects at historical planes. The third chapter studies the phonological structure and historical changes from intiai consonant simple or compound vowel of a Chinese syllable and tone on the base of the synchronic planes, consulting QieYun and ZhongYuan phonology.

商洛方言由于移民原因具有复综性的特点，本地话属北方方言，客户话属南方语系，相比之下本地话发展较快与北方官话基本一致，而客户话就显得保守一些存古的东西更多，共时平面的差异实际上反映了汉语方言历时层面的不同阶段，第三章基于商洛方言共时平面的特点，参照《切韵》和《中原音韵》，从声母、韵母、声调三个方面研究了商洛方言的音韵结构和历史演变，并对汉语史的某些语音现象做了相应地解释。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。