方言

ChapterⅠintroduces the intention, significance and methods of the research from the angle of Chinese historical phonetics. Following the course of re-examining materials, ChapterⅡsurveys the pattern of rhyme, excerpting the metrical feet, ChapterⅢconnects the rhyme categories, the rhyme of different systems contacting with each other, and literary reading and colloquial reading. ChapterⅣcompares the rhyme cateories of traditional Hua-gu opera in Changsha with traditional rhyme tablesd, as well as those of traditional Hua-gu opera in Shaoyang. The total study is conducted to become united with dialect. ChapterⅤcontains the surplus discussion with three theories: the rhyming quality, the connection between rhyme categories and oral speech, between those of literary readings in traditional Hua-gu opera.

本文正文分为五章：第一章从音韵学角度，讨论了花鼓戏用韵研究的背景、意义以及研究方法；接着谨遵韵脚字系联法的步骤，第二章侧重材料分析，包括甄别材料、审度韵例、摘录韵字，第三章侧重韵部系统，包括归纳韵部、异部相押以及文白异读的情况；第四章对传统剧目的韵部系统进行了纵横(与邵阳传统花鼓戏韵部系统的比较)两条线的考察，结合方言是纵横考察过程中的重要环节；第五章是余论部分，主要讨论了三个理论性问题：长沙传统花鼓戏押韵的性质、韵部与实际语音的关系以及与长沙读书音的关系。

For they were hearing them speaking in tongues and extolling God.

因听见他们说方言，称赞神为大。

When one elevates the man-made tongue to the same level as the supernatural gift of the Spirit, he idolizes the tongue-speaking.

你们聚会的时候，各人或有诗歌，或有教训，或有启示，或有方言，或有翻出来的话，凡事都当造就人。

On its way moving southward, some Chinese dialects are immerged.

第三，畲话是一种极具动态感的汉语方言。

This article discussed the characteristics of Ningxiang dialect in word formation and configuration, including several noun suffixes, adjective suffixes, the numeral and classifier infixes "shi" and the multifunctional suffixes "ji" etc.

宁乡方言在构词和构形方面的几个特色中包括名词的几个后缀、形容词的几个后缀、数量词中缀&是&及多功能后缀&唧&等。

This article discussed the characteristics of Ningxiang dialect in word formation and configuration, including several noun suffixes, adjective suffixes, the numeral and classifier infixes "shi" and the multifunctional suffixes "ji" etc.

摘 要：宁乡方言在构词和构形方面的几个特色中包括名词的几个后缀、形容词的几个后缀、数量词中缀&是&及多功能后缀&唧&等。

My sister knows several lingoes.

我姐姐懂好几种方言。

That trade is livelier among regions that share a language is well known.

在说同一方言区域内的贸易活动更加活跃。

5Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.

例句精译］作为一位语言学家，他承认多种多样的人类语言，包括那些非标准的语言，比如黑人英语，都具有极强的表达力--世上没有传达不了复杂思想的语言和方言。

There are lots of slangs mushroomed everyday.

每天都有许多的方言在发展。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。