方法论

Kas Oosterhuis is professor for Architectural Design, Design Methods at the Delft University of Technology, director of the Hyperbody Research Group and director of the Protospace Laboratory at the Faculty of Architecture, focusing on buildings as Complex Adaptive Systems and on multi-player gaming techniques for Collaborative Design and Engineering.

Kas Oosterhuis是代尔福特科技大学建筑设计方法论的教授，超体研究组的总监，建筑系Protospace实验室的总监。他致力于"综合调节系统"和为推进合作化设计与工程的多人游戏技术。

Thus, it should seek change in the keynote and perspective of study.

研究认为，加强和改进大学教学改革的基本问题研究，有助于大学教学改革方法论的构建和完善。

The suggested explanatory framework is called AQAL; its orientation is an integral overview of indigenous perspectives; its social practice is an Integral methodological pluralism; its philosophy is Integral post-metaphysics; its signaling network is IOS — all third-person words for a view of the Kosmos in which first persons and second persons are irreducible agents, bearers of sentience and intentionality and feeling, not merely matter and energy and information and causality.

这个解释框架就是AQAL；其方向就是对本身透视的一个完整看法；其社会实践就是一个完整的方法论复合体；其哲学是完整的后形而上学；其信号网络是完整操作系统--所有第一第二人称无法观察宇宙而产生的第三人称，知觉，意图，感觉的传输者，不仅仅是物质，能量，信息和因果关系。

This theory is methodology that differentiate with the commodity exchange and labour exchange and resource collocation, and has the sustainable, quantifiable, and economical, profitable and valued-added characteristics.

具有不同于商品交换、物物交换及资源配置，具有可持续性、可量化性、节约性、增值获利等特性，是一种方法论。

The article attempts to fill up the lacuna in the research about the early Chinese Reformists. The author tries to innovate the research methodology and criterion of the modern philosophy, culture and society to adapt to the development of the history, and then improve the study of modern thought's history.

本文力图通过对这个派别的研究填补近代思想史研究上的一个空白，适应新的时代发展需要，进行近现代哲学文化和社会研究的方法论创新和研究范式创新的尝试，以推进近现代思想文化史的研究。

Firstly, this part summarizes the contribution and the dispute of the economics of law briefly. In addition, this part makes a comment on the deductive characteristic of the methodology of the economics of law and the disputes of the deduction and induction from the scientific- philosophical point of view, and points out that the economics of law, as a theory and method, could not provide a self-justified logic and philosophical basis.

在这部分，论文首先就法律经济学的贡献和争议作了一个简要概括，然后就法律经济学方法论的演绎特征、演绎与归纳之争等从科学哲学的角度进行了评析，并指出，作为一种理论和方法，法律经济学无法为其自身提供一个坚实的逻辑和哲学基础。

In practice, another approach, Model of Legitimization through Open-Reflex Process,...

而在实践中，另外一种可以称为开放反思的合法化模式的进路，以其多向原因论、经验的实质规范主义和复合理性主义之方法论倾向，在相当程度上发挥着重要功能。

In practice, another approach, Model of Legitimization throughOpen-Reflex Process, has been, to a large extent, exerting importantfunctions.

这种模式在方法论上有单一原因论、理想的形式规范主义和绝对的建构理性主义之倾向，它在解决当下中国行政组织无序的诸多问题方面力有未逮。

On one hand,it comes from Marxism—Leninism,which has laid asolid theoretical base for it.

马列主义关于和平共处的具有普遍指导意义的思想和方法论，奠定了和平共处五项原则最重要的理论基础。

The bilingual knowledge-base just comes into being through the lexicographer's online translations and visualized operations; hence the efficiency and quality of the construction are highly improved.

该方法是构造双语WordNet语义知识库的一个通用的解决方案，对其它语义知识库的构造也具有一般的方法论意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。