方法论

We disagree, as in our view the word 'may' constitutes authorization to use the methodologies in the subparagraphs where the methodology in the chapeau, which is the preferred methodology,'cannot' be used.

我们不同意这个观点，因为我们认为，单词'may'建议适用以下各小款中方法论的许可，这些是首选的方法论，而起首条款中的方法论是'cannot'被适用的。

Darwinian and Lamarckian's natural selection mechanism and Elster's perfect functionalism explain the foundations of methodology on the theory of enterprise evolution from the beginning of explanation on teleology as functionalism: explanatio...

企业演化理论的方法论基础是目的论解释和完全功能主义解释。威廉姆逊的组织结构演化方法论不适合完全功能主义解释，而纳尔逊、温特的企业演化方法论和芝加哥学派的选择论则是以典型的完全功能主义方法论为基础。

That is to say, a comprehensive analysis is main methodology , and at the same time supplemented by individualist methodology.

本文的方法论是整体主义与个体主义的综合，但在本文中这两种方法论不是等量齐观的，而是以整体主义方法论为主，同时辅之以个体主义方法论。

This book is an in-depth study of contemporary Chinese art, touching upon modern ink painting, architecture, performance art, etc, The book is separated into five chapters: Modern consciousness and the establishment of a Chinese contemporary art methodology; The significance of the utopia of modern materials in contemporary Chinese architectural theory; the crisis in contemporary ink painting; maximalism, and artist case study with Xu Bing.

《另类方法另类现代——艺术大视野丛书》"Art Horizon Series： Special Method in Kind， Special Modernism in Kind"本书针对中国当代艺术进行深入的研究，内容涉及现代水墨、建筑、行为艺术等，分为五章：现代意识与中国当代艺术方法论的建立；现代物质乌托邦在中国当代建筑方法论中的意义；中国当代水墨的危机是缺乏方法论；极多主义：一种现代主义的幻觉；一个艺术家个案的研究：徐冰的艺术和方法论。

The structural approach which consists with the reference architecture is proposed according to GIM methodology and the CIM life cycle adopted by our country.

论文主要内容为：（1）通过对工程设计理论和方法论的分析与总结，结合几个工程设计方法论的具体应用，提炼出一般方法论的定义，将CIM设计作为工程设计方法论的一个应用特例，引出CIM方法论的定义。

From the cognitive perspective, this part also examines the logic evidence for discriminating metalanguage and object language. Additionally, tracing back to its origin, the metalinguistic theory can be divided into the formalized and the one of natural language As a conclusion, this chapter will point out three orientations to the study of linguistic metalanguage The second chapter tries to retrospect to the origin of the theory and find the prototype for the pairs of metalanguage and object language, on which according to this chapter, modern mathematics and modern logic have key effects. In fact, mathematician, philosopher and logician B Russell and G. Frege discriminated metalanguage from object language.

作为方法论原则的元语言理论》是一篇着重从方法论原则的角度探讨元语言理论的博士学位论文，本文在现代语言学和语言学史的理论和方法指导下，通过对元语言这一现代哲学、现代语言学共同关注的重大课题的梳理，旨在系统阐释哲学和语言学领域的元语言的概念、特性和内容，明确哲学和语言学的元语言理论之间的关联与分野，真正把元语言和对象语言这一对范畴纳入语言学研究视野，从形式研究、功能研究和语用的角度阐述其方法论的意义和内容，并将这一方法论原则运用到汉语修辞现象分析中，提出&元语辞格&说。

Dialectical methodology ; discovery methodology ; reductionistic methodology ; experimental methodology ; literary criticism discourse ; hermeneutic discourse ; close-reading appreciative discourse

辩证方法论；发现方法论；溯因方法论；实验方法论；学理式文论话语；阐释法分析话语；细读法鉴赏话语

Alongside with these developments,philosophical currents such as humanism,phenomenology,neo-Kantianism,lifephilosophy,existentialism,and so on,have revealed and criticized the weltanschauungand methodology of scientism They tried to explicate the unique attributes characteristicof humanistic world contrasting to the natural world,and establish research methodscongenial to them,thus accomplished the philosophical idea of humanistic methodologyin psychology.

新物理学、生态学、习性学、系统论等科学的发展，从根本上改变了传统自然科学所确立的世界图景，动摇了传统科学主义方法论的基本原则，从而完成了人本心理学方法论的科学奠基；人道主义、现象学、新康德主义、生命哲学、存在主义等哲学流派在揭露和批判科学主义世界观和方法论的同时，试图阐明人文世界之不同于自然世界的特点，确立与人文世界的特性相适应的研究方法，由此完成了人本心理学方法论的哲学准备。

The germ of the internal conflict of methodology of social science,which is the conflict between Methodology of understanding and Methodology of positiveness,between Methodological individualism and Methodological wholism,is the unilateral social philosophy,namely,"Theory of peculiarity" and "Theory of social similarity",Social Nominalism and Social Realism.

社会科学方法论内在冲突(即理解方法论和实证方法论、方法论个人主义和方法论整体主义之间的冲突)产生的根源是片面的社会哲学，即&社会独特论&和&社会类似论&、社会唯名论和社会唯实论。

To compare with the used thoughts of methodology literae humaniores, we make sure the relationships among the education ontology, education epistemology and the methodology of education research, which admit the methodology of education research constituting by the education ontology and education epistemology.

通过对历史上人文科学方法论思想的探讨，还明确了教育本体论、教育认识论与教育研究方法论的关系，认为教育研究方法论内涵着教育本体论和教育认识论，教育本体论和教育认识论是教育研究方法论的前提、基础和必要构成部分，而教育本体论和教育认识论问题的解决又要以一定的教育研究方法论为指导。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。