方法研究

3D reconstruction is one of the most challenging problems in computer vision. This project uses CAD model to increase the accuracy,robustness and speed of 3D reconstruction and five different works are conducted: 1 research on space curve 3D reconstruction method based on high curvature point nad turning point; 2 free-form curve 3D reconstruction based on B-spline and BURBS; 3 Active surface affine reconstruction based on single frame; 4 Matching and reconstruction of 3D sparse points; Data fitting method based on the iteration of nearest point.

三维重建是计算机视觉中公认的难题，本项目使用CAD模型来提高三维重建的精度、稳健性和速度的思路，围绕着空间曲线和曲面的三维重建和匹配开展了以下五个方面的研究：1）基于高曲率点和拐点分割的空间曲线三维重建方法研究；2）基于B样条和NURBS表示的空间自由曲线三维重建方法研究；3）基于单帧图像的有源曲面仿射重建；4）三维离散数据的匹配与重建；5）基于迭代最近点的数据拟合方法。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

Since the research is an attempt to study the issue of ideology in a microscopic view,also an attempt to study the issue of Chinese peasant\'s ideology as a separate field and an attempt to study separately the issue of ideology of a certain group in China, the paper uses deep description method in ethnography of cooperation artel mode and individual-oriented ethnography reaserch method.

由于本研究是用微观方法研究意识形态的尝试，也是把农民意识形态单独作为一个研究领域来进行研究的尝试，同时也是一次单独研究中国某一群体意识形态的尝试，因此本研究运用了"合作社模式"的民族志"深描"和以个人为中心的民族志相结合的研究方法。

Summary In this paper, a brief history review of works on the theory of electromagnetic flowmeters is given. A method named'Alternative iteraction method for approaching real boundaries'is presented to solve Laplace's equation with mixed boundary conditions in electromagnetic flowmeters. The orthogonal expansion is used to analyze weight vectors and flow distribition effects on the sensitivity of the flowmeters.

本文在总结和分析了前人在电磁流量计变送器方面的理论研究成果后，首次提出了"交替迭代逼近边界"的方法求解电磁流量计理论研究中遇到的Laplace方程的混合边界条件问题；采用正交函数展开的方法研究权函数以及被测流体速度分布不规则对仪表输出的影响；采用保角变换的方法首次求解出电磁流量计偏心环域上的权函数。

In this paper, we study a class of inverse M-matrices and inverse Z-matrices of tree structure, which have much value in application and theory and matrices associated with the original matrices, for exmple Schur complements, Perron complements, ect.

第二章主要研究一类树结构逆M、逆Z矩阵，图的理论和方法被应用于矩阵结构和性质的研究，图的理论和矩阵理论有着密切的关系，并且图理论用于矩阵的研究有着直观、简洁的特点，二者的研究具有互补的关系，用图的理论和方法研究矩阵一直是矩阵理论研究的一个重要方向。

According to the composting principle and the correlation between the forms of heavy metals and biological efficiency, combining with the controlling means of heavy metals' activity, this test studied the effect of passivation reagents including fly ash, phosphorate rock, zeolite, peat and lime on the forms and the biological efficiency of heavy metals; and the different perception of different passivation reagents were screened and optimized. Basing on the study, the adsorption mechanism of passivation reagents on heavy metals in sewage sludge composting was discussed, and the transformation mechanism of organic forms of heavy metals was also studied through some methods including dialysis and G-75 gel chromatogram separation etc.

本研究根据固体废弃物的堆肥化原理及重金属的不同形态与生物有效性的关系，结合污泥中重金属活性的控制方法，研究了在污泥堆肥中添加粉煤灰、磷矿粉、草炭、沸石和石灰对重金属的形态及重金属的生物有效性的影响，并对不同钝化剂的不同配比进行了筛选和优化；在此研究基础上，探讨了污泥堆肥中钝化剂对重金属的吸附机理，运用透析及G-75凝胶色谱分离等方法研究了污泥堆肥中重金属有机形态的转变机理。

The new method has better resolution and can be applied to larger systems than homonuclear NMR methods. Most proteins playing an important role in cells have to be studied with heteronuclear labeled samples.

异核方法的优势在于它的分辨率更好，可以研究相对较大的，同核方法研究不了的分子；对大部分在细胞中发现的意义重大的蛋白的NMR研究都必须采用异核方法。

Evidently,Huang has ahigh regard for micro social study including the study of local history;he attaches importance to first-hand data and perceptualknowledge obtaining from the study of anthropological method;he attaches importance to the ponderation and discrimination of ex-isting theories from historical facts;he insists on the sequence of recognition going from historical facts to theory,and back to his-torical facts again and so on.

认为黄宗智教授尖锐而深刻地指出了目前中国社会经济史研究中存在着&规范认识危机&，他的两部专著的基本研究方法和思路——推重微观的社会研究，包括地方史研究，重视从人类学方法研究得来的第一手资料和感性认识，重视从史实出发对既有理论的思考和辨析，执着从史实到理论、再回到史实的认识程序，等等。

It is worth generalizing and to be studied.

用本文提出的新方法研究了大庆油田某油藏的油气水层识别问题，结果表明最小二乘支持向量机的油气水层识别方法较人工神经网络和标准支持向量机的油气水层识别方法具有更快的运算速度和准确率，是一种值得进一步研究及推广使用的方法。

On the basis of atmospheric corrosion analysis and on the premise of unaltered originappearance of metal antiquity, a novel systematic technology of rust stabilized conversion and corrosioninhibition for archeological iron was developed in this thesis. Model occulted corrosion cell was used to studythe formation of bronze powder rust, its characteristics of pit corrosion and effect factors. The filmingtreatment of azoles composite corrosion inhibitors was used to prevent silver tarnishing, and its anti-tarnishingmechanism was proposed by measurement of electrochemical techniques and Surface-enhanced Ramanscattering.

在不改变文物原状的前提下，本文基于对金属质文物大气腐蚀过程的分析，发展了一种新的铁器文物表面锈层稳定转化与缓蚀保护的系统处理方法，用&模拟闭塞电池&的方法研究青铜器文物&粉状锈&的形成、点蚀特征和影响因素，采用唑系复合缓蚀剂成膜处理技术防止银器文物变色，利用电化学方法、SERS等方法研究并提出了唑系复合缓蚀剂防银变色的作用机理。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。