方法的

In practical study, the essential flow is""on the basis of the study of the faults, strata denuded thickness and original thickness, analyzing the controlling effect of the faults to the sedimentation and denudation, and combined with the areal geology background, reconstructing the basin prototype of each stage"". 2. As the basic theories and methods of the calculation of the denuded thickness, such as, the methods of cosmogenic nuclides, wave equation, apatite fission track, structural sections, acoustic wave, vitrinite reflection, etc, were argued detailedly , and their applicable ranges were analyzed , the denuded strata thickness of each structural layer layer of pre-Tertiary was reconstructed.

对宇宙成因核素法、波动方程法、裂变径迹分析法、构造横剖面法、声波时差法、镜质体反射率法等计算剥蚀量方法的基本原理进行充分论证、改进，分析了各方法的适用范围，在此基础上，综合充分运用上述方法，计算了济阳坳陷前第三系各构造层在不同时期的剥蚀量，绘制了中生代时期古生界顶面的地层剥蚀量等值线图、新生代时期古生界顶面的地层剥蚀量等值线图、白垩纪沉积时侏罗系剥蚀等值线图、新生代沉积期白垩系剥蚀等值线图、新生代沉积期侏罗系剥蚀等值线图等图件，并通过对古生界地层的热变质程度分析，确定了有1500～2000m的早、中三叠世的原始沉积地层在晚三叠世被剥蚀殆尽。3。

Based on density functional theory and electronegativity equalization principle,applying an atom-bond electronegativity equalization σπ model,using a separated program,we calculated the charge distributions and dipole moments of guanine tautomers.

以密度泛函和电负性均衡原理为基础发展的原子-键电负性均衡方法的σπ模型。并结合自编程序，计算了鸟嘌呤五种异构体的电荷分布和偶极矩，计算结果表明，所计算出的电荷分布可以和从头算结果很好地关联。所计算的偶极矩与其它从头计算方法和力场方法相比总体趋势相同，进一步说明了ABEEMσπ模型的合理性

At first, the wind tunnel test and test data process of this study are introduced in detail. A method to calculate expected extreme values of time series with a long time interval is then proposed with its sub-sections based on the classical Gumbel theory for extreme values and the independence of observed extreme values. At last, the extreme values of the wind pressure coefficients of the present wind tunnel test are calculated with the proposed method and methods used widely at present, such as peak factor method, improved peak factor method and Sadek-Simiu method.

首先 介绍了风洞试验及试验数据处理的基本概况；然后在阐述经典Gumbel极值理论的基础上，根据观察极值的相互独立性推导了短时距下极值分布参数和长时距下极值分布参数的关系式，给出了一种由短时距样本推算长时距下的极值估算方法；最后基于风洞试验数据，将常用极值估算方法(峰值因子法、改进峰值因子法和Sadek-Simiu法)和该方法的计算结果进行了比较。

Studying on the hydraulic pipelines of the nitrogen-inflating hydraulic pile hammer, establishes a optimization objective function for it with the relevant methods of parameter optimization, and uses Matlab to solve the model, gets a group of optimization pipelines size, and tests the validity of this method. So more efficiency methods for hydraulic system design of the nitrogen-inflating hydraulic pile hammer are provided.

以氮爆式液压打桩锤液压管道为研究对象，应用参数优化设计的相关方法建立氮爆式液压打桩锤管路优化分析的目标函数，并利用Matlab编程对模型进行求解，得出一组优化后的管道尺寸，并检验这种优化方法的有效性，为氮爆式液压打桩锤液压系统的设计开发提供了更为有效的方法。

Summarizes classification of railway transportation safety investment and the effect factors, expatiate the structure of safety costs, introducing analysis of safety costs and its implementations on railway corporates' investment decision making and safety management. Furthermore, it analyses classification, implementation, and measurement of economic benefits. It also provides fundamental knowledge in later analysis of derogation and efficiency improvement.

概述了铁路运输业安全投入的分类以及影响安全投入的因素；阐述了安全成本的构成、介绍安全成本分析法并将方法应用于铁路企业的安全投资决策与安全管理工作上；分析了安全投资效益的分类、特点、实现方式以及计量方法，为后面分析安全投资减损、增值效益提供分析方法的支撑。

In the first part, one of the multibody system theories and methods— Huston's method based on Kane's equation is systematically summarized. By using this method, the existing design problems of two main machines—wheel loader and hydraulic excavator in the field of construction machinery have been solved, and also the software KDOSCM which includes multibody system kinematic and dynamic analysis, optimization , motion simulation and static force analysis is developed for construction machinery.

上篇在系统总结基于Kane方程的Huston方法的多体系统理论和方法的基础上，侧重于运用该方法解决工程机械领域中的两大主要机型—轮式装载机和液压挖掘机在设计中存在的问题，同时开发研制了可用于对工程机械进行多体系统运动学、动力学分析，优化设计、运动仿真和静力分析的软件包KDOSCM。

Writer also recommends the two partial distribution tariff could be the solution for the Beijing area and explains the theories and methodologies of the accounting cost and marginal cost based tariff making and introduces the tariff mechanism and method applied in other countries' electric market. The two partial price, i.e. capacity price and electricity price, is also simulated and performed mathematical calculation based on the figures from the Beijing power grid.

并在分析了基于会计成本和边际成本的输配电服务定价方法及国外电力市场中实际运行的输电价格机制和定价方法的基础上，结合北京地区电网特点，对其配电价格制定进行研究，确定采用两部制形式，明确容量电价和电量电价的理论依据和计算方法，并根据北京电网的数据，对于北京配电网的服务价格进行测算和敏感性与可行性分析。

In addition, this method is used in the motion control study of spinning machine tool, and achieve good control effect

机床的工作台可视为直角坐标型的机器人，这类机器人是近似线性系统，可以采用比较复杂的迭代学习控制方法，因此，本文提出了弹性移动关节机器人的混合PID迭代学习控制律，证明了该方法的收敛性，并将这种方法应用于旋压机床的学习运动控制，达到了良好的控制效果。

In earthquake location, the global search technique and the simplex step algorithm were used to find the source location with the minimum arrival time error completed in space domain. Thus, the results are stable, and avoid the non-linear effects in the process. The location results are better than the Geiger's method.

使用全局搜索方法和单纯形方法的定位技术在空间域直接寻找到使走时误差达到最小的震源位置，能得到稳定的结果，避免了问题的非线性的影响，定位效果通常好于常用的Geiger方法。

Firstly, a class of affine nonlinear systems are considered. The single-layered neural networks are used to approximate the nonlinear functions of the systems. Stable adaptive control algorithms are presented based on system states feedback and system output feedback respectively. The boundary of the tracking error is guaranteed. Then, by using the technique of input-output linearization, the stable adaptive control method for general nonlinear systems is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control algorithms are verified through the simulation researches for the control of robot manipulator.

首先考虑一类仿射非线性系统，利用单层神经网络去逼近系统的非线性函数，分别给出了基于系统状态反馈和输出反馈的稳定自适应控制算法，确保系统的跟踪误差有界；然后利用输入输出线性化方法，给出广义非线性系统的自适应控制方法；最后通过在机械手位置跟踪控制中的仿真研究，验证了所提方法的有效性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。