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The decision making method of uncertain multi-attribute is applied to select bamboo species for constructing a project on 500 thousand mu(equivalent to 33350 hectare) pulpwood base of bamboo pulping paper in Jinghong.In detail,combined G with Zi based on OWA,it concludes that Z4=Lingnania distegia,Z2=Dendrocalamus hamiltonii,Gx1=Dendrocalamus giganteus,Gx2=Dendrocalamus peculiaris are finally selected as bamboo species for base target management;Z16=Dendrocalamus barbatus as prepared bamboo...

应用不确定多属性决策方法为拟建的《景洪竹浆纸项目50万亩竹子原料林基地》项目的热带大型丛生竹选择竹种，将多准则模糊决策方法的满意度G值和基于OWA算子的多属性决策方法的综合属性值Zi结合起来考察，最终选定：Z4=料慈竹，Z2=版纳甜龙竹，Gx1=龙竹，Gx2=金平龙竹4个竹种作为基地的目的经营竹种；Z16=小叶龙竹作为将来发展的储备竹种。

For the models by MMFI is a nonlinear differential equation with variable coefficients and the 'nonlinearity' brings discommodiousness to analyse the nature and quantification of a control system, it applies brim linearization method to better MMFI. By transforming 'triangle wave' membership functions of the base elements into 'rectangle wave' membership functions, we get three models which represent different aspect respectively. By simulating second order system and analysing the errors of the results, a conclusion is drawn, that is, the model obtained by brim linearization method has a good precision in contrast with the real model.

由于模糊推理建模法得到的模型是变系数非线性微分方程，这种&非线性&对该控制系统的某些定性或定量分析带来不便，因此应用边缘线性化方法对模糊推理建模法进行改进，将基元的隶属函数由&三角波&改成&矩形波&，从而得到了三个模型，这三个模型各有侧重，通过对二阶系统进行仿真，分析仿真结果，从而给出了关于边缘线性化方法的结论，即由边缘线性化方法得到的系统模型对该系统的真实模型有较高的逼近精度。

In this paper, several traditional models for computing are introduced at first. Conferring probability theory, the load boundary condition of that collector is analyzed, the characteristic values of Tubesheet in different design reference periods are computed. Based on homogenization method, after lots of numerical experiments, the mechanical characteristic of Tubesheet controlled different structure parameters is studied, and an empiristic formulas that could simplify Tubesheet to stiffen plate is gained. Then, G-M method is employed and Tubesheet is simplified to a normal plate.

本文在总结传统计算方法的基础上，参考概率设计方法，分析了大型袋式除尘器的荷载边界条件，计算了不同设计基准期下的花板可变荷载标准值，结合均匀化方法，通过大量数值实验，得出了不同参数对花板受力性能的影响规律，并拟合了将花板简化为加劲板的经验公式，再参考正交异性板法，最终推导了花板简化为均匀平板的经验公式。

The simulation example of SMA-13 shows that real road surface texture has the nearly same fractal dimensions with corresponding FIF curve and the application of FIF method in erose curve simulation is feasible.

通过对分形插值函数构成算法和纵向压缩因子取值方法的研究，给出了基于分形插值函数的路断面构造模拟方法和MATLAB语言编制的模拟流程图；对SMA-13马歇尔试件断面构造的拟合分析表明，实际路面断面构造和分形插值曲线在精度范围内具有一致的分维数，说明分形插值方法对路面断面构造等不规则曲线的拟合具有良好的适用性。

The new method has better resolution and can be applied to larger systems than homonuclear NMR methods. Most proteins playing an important role in cells have to be studied with heteronuclear labeled samples.

异核方法的优势在于它的分辨率更好，可以研究相对较大的，同核方法研究不了的分子；对大部分在细胞中发现的意义重大的蛋白的NMR研究都必须采用异核方法。

The main factors effecting on exploration precision of surface wave are analyzed in the light of calculation of phase velocity of surface wave; the merits and demetits of common computing methods for phase velocity between stations and their applied range are discussed and calculation of interstation Green's function for correcting phase is put forward to get the precise phase difference between two stations.

分析了影响面波勘探精度的主要因素，针对计算面波相速度的精度问题，讨论了常用测量台间面波相速度方法的优缺点及其适用范围，并提出通过测量台间格林函数进行相位校正，以得到两台之间的精确相位。以合成的高频理论地震图作为记录信号，并在理论地震图上叠加了 2 0 %的随机噪声，利用这些方法分析理论信号，数字实验表明：在相干频率范围内，格林函数方法能够精确测量台间相速度，而互相关法和窄带通滤波互相关法所得结果较为离散。

If impurity or degradation product standards are unavailable, specificity may be demonstrated by comparing the test results of samples containing impurities or degradation products to a second well-characterized procedure e.g.: pharmacopoeial method or other validated analytical procedure.

如果杂质或降解产物的标准品不能够得到，专属性可以通过比较含有杂质或降解物的样品的检测结果和另外的完好的分析方法，如，药典方法或其它验证的分析方法的结果来证实。

Then, after giving a simple analysis of the puzzles about uncertainty in deciding criminal cases, the paper introduces the methodology of the representation, reasoning and problem solving about the uncertain knowledge in the DZLX (short for "Ding Zui Liang Xing" in Chinese phoneticism), which is used for conviction and penal discretion according to Criminal Law in a court procedure.

文章首先概述了国内外不确定性知识的处理方法，又通过分析刑法适用中的不确定性问题，介绍了我们开发的&定罪量刑参考系统&DZLX中不确定性知识的表达，推理和求解的方法，由此提出了在不确定性知识处理领域中带有普遍意义的原则，并且对不确定性知识学习方法的机器实现作了探索。

At each level, the parameters, hyper parameters and model parameters are adjusted to minimize the Kullback-Leibler divergence between their posteriors and real distributions so that the variable free energy can approach the real free energy.

在指出证据框架和自由能最小化方法等贝叶斯推理方法的局限性的前提下，通过对比证据框架的方法，提出了自由能框架的概念，将通常难以求解的自由能最小化过程分解成参数自由能最小化、超参数自由能最小化、模型参数自由能最小化等层次，在每个层次上调节参数、超参数和模型参数，使其后验分布为其真实分布之同的Kullback-Leibler距最小，以使可变自由能逼近真实自由能。

A merge-split algorithm based on study property of neural net and sum aggregate is presented. Its merit is that its merge is disconnected a little and freedom satisfies the adaptability, and it is realized during learning rather than stipulating in advance. Furthermore, the method of fitting edge of uncontinuous image with neural net is given. The method can carry on the fit at self-learning, using its learning function fully under the circumstances without the mathematical function form of edge.

提出了一种基于神经网络学习特性和集合论的边缘分段算法(Merge-Split)，优点在于它的分段间断点、自由度满足自适应性，能在学习过程中实现而不必事先规定；进一步提出神经网络拟合不连续的图像边缘的方法，在无边缘数学函数形式的情况下，充分利用其学习函数的任意逼近和自学习性进行拟合，实践证明该方法可以克服以往边缘拟合方法的不足。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。