方法

Firstly, based on the sliding mode control and backstepping technique, a new attitude tracking controller is derived to control the attitude motion of spacecraft, the stability of the system is analyzed via Lyapunov method and the reaction wheel dynamics is also considered from the real applications point of view. The whole design process is divided into two steps: the first step is to use sliding control technique to design suppositional adaptive variable structure controller; and the second step is to design attitude tracking controller based on SMC and backstepping technique. Numerical simulations are performed to show that both tracking maneuver and vibration suppression can be accomplished effectively.

首先，采用自适应后步法结合主动振动控制技术设计了姿态跟踪鲁棒控制器，基于Lyapunov方法分析了系统的渐近稳定性；在此基础上，显性地考虑了执行机构动态特性问题，将整个设计过程分为两个步骤：第一步采用滑模控制技术设计了变结构虚拟控制器，给出自适应控制律的设计方法；第二步，将后步法与滑模控制技术相结合，设计了姿态跟踪鲁棒控制器，给出飞轮电压的输入算法及稳定性分析；最后，将提出的控制方法应用于挠性航天器的姿态跟踪控制，通过数值仿真对所提方法的可行性与有效性进行分析和验证。

Through the method of emulative calculation with test,this paper studied the way of ramp jump-start of freight train with roller bearing,gave the jump-start method that not compressing couple,releasing and loading were all work together at the same time.

通过仿真计算与实际试验相结合的方法，对滚动轴承货物列车在上坡道上起车的方法进行了研究和分析，得出了采用不压缩车钩、缓解与加载同步进行的起车方法，并将这一方法付之实施，取得较好的实际效

By analysising cost and output for low yield oil wells, in the paper, the method of flow switch is used to judge if the well bore has the oil flows, which change the traditional experienced method (touch the beam hangers temperature and look if it has the oil film) and the present automatic liquid level monitoring manner, and it is the closed-loop control and reduce the intensity of labour and the cost of the production. The hill-climbing mathematical method is considered as the most effective way.

论文中采用了流量开关的方法判断井口是否出油，打破了传统用经验判断(看抽油杆是否发热、是否附有油膜)的方法和现有的自动液位监测仪判断方法，形成了闭环控制，降低了劳动强度和减少了生产成本；并将数学方法上的瞎子爬山法用在了本优化控制系统中。

Previously, short echo time STEAM sequence and short TE PRESS sequence have been used to quantify brain Cr concentration.

综上所述，本研究旨在通过动物实验，以长TE的PRESS序列外标准方法及LCModel软件定量检测活体小猪的脑Cr浓度，然后用高效液相色谱方法分析相应离体脑匀浆液的Cr浓度，比较两种方法检测结果的相关性，以此探讨活体~1H-MRS方法检测结果的准确性。

Teacher: What's the point of starting with either a box or poly if you can't tweak well? And if you can tweak well, does it matters whether you started with a box or a poly?

老师： 用Box方法还是Poly方法建模的重点在与你是否能轻易扭转这个模型，如果你能轻易的实现，用Box方法还是Poly方法建模关系不大。

But since the quantitative revolution from 5Os, the study methods of geography have been reformed continuely, and pursuit the space rule and law of the geographical things the same as that of location theory.

从研究方法来看，区位论和经济学具有共同的研究方法，即多采用抽象和演绎的方法，而地理学应用归纳和综合的方法较多。

Two GFRF system model identify algorithms based respectively on Signal Flow Graph/Driving Point Impedance and EDA simulation are proposed. In order to solve the problem of fault diagnosis that the inner structure and parameters of the Object under Test cannot be able to determine, a new fault diagnosis method based on the phase space reconstruction and GFRF general formula is investigated. This method builds up a bridge between the chaos theory and Volterra series analysis, which does not strongly depend on the topological structure and the testing data length, is sensitive to the fault property, traces monotonously the change of system fault, and possesses some significant predominance compared with conventional fault diagnosis methods of analog circuits.

提出了基于信号流图/驱动点阻抗法的GFRF算法和基于EDA仿真和非线性频谱响应特性分析的系统模型辨识算法，为解决工程实践中不能确知被测对象内部结构和参数时的故障诊断问题，研究了基于相空间重构和GFRF简化算法的复杂电子系统故障诊断方法，该方法建立了混沌理论与Volterra级数分析法之间的桥梁，它对被测对象的拓扑结构依赖性不强，对被测系统的故障性质的敏感，可以单调地跟踪系统故障的变化，这种基于混沌特性分析的故障诊断方法与其它的模拟电路的故障诊断方法相比较具有显著的优势。

To reduce or remove size effect, the size classification elimination method, volume average method and normalization method based on volume were presented and the calibration and prediction results indicate that these three methods could reduce or remove the size effect effectively. The normalization method is more suit to in-line application and obtained better calibration and prediction results with the r of 0.789, 0.858 and 0.947, the RMSEC of 0.596, 0.499 and 0.313, and the RMSEP of 0.606, 0.686 and 0.413 than the results without normalization with the r of 0.716, 0.793 and 0.848, the RMSEC of 0.678, 0.592 and 0.515 and the RMSEP of 0.825, 0.764 and 0.714 for the original spectra, the first derivative spectra and the second derivative spectra with soluble solids content using partial least square method , respectively. 4. Owing to much thick skin of watermelon, contrast experiment was conducted in skin-peeled watermelon and intact watermelon to compare the influence of skin on spectra.

针对西瓜果型大且差异显著的特点，研究果型差异对可见／近红外光谱以及建模与预测结果的影响，并提出三种方法消除或减小这一影响因素，分别是分级消除法、体积平均法和基于体积的正则化方法，其中基于体积的正则化方法，更适合在线生产应用，该方法使果型大小差异明显样品的原始光谱、一阶微分光谱、二阶微分光谱在对可溶性固形物含量检测时，采用偏最小二乘法的建模与预测结果由原来的校正相关系数r分别为0.716、0.793、0.848提高到r分别为0.789、0.858、0.947，均方根校正标准偏差RMSEC由原来的0.678、0.592、0.515分别降为0.596、0.499、0.313，均方根预测标准偏差RMSEP由原来的0.825、0.764、0.714分别降为0.606、0.686、0.413； 4。

This article studies the evaluation methods of spaceflight product′s reliability, and take cosmonaut system as an example, via comparison of a few systemic reliability models and of several evaluation methods, present classical evaluation method and Bayes method for series-wound model, shunt-wound model, voting model, non-work standby model and conjunct model.

本文研究了航天产品可靠性的评估方法，以航天员系统为例，通过对几种常用的系统可靠性模型与评估方法的分析比较，给出了串联模型、并联模型、表决模型、旁联模型与和联模型5种系统可靠性模型的经典评估方法与Bayes评估方法。

In this paper,the application of direct displacement-based design method which is the most representative performance-based design method for the shear wall structure will be studied.

引言基于位移的抗震设计方法大致可归纳为：按延性系数设计的方法，能力谱方法和直接基于位移的设计方法。

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。