方法

Secondly, according to finding the combination of basic product design and bionic design, the author establishes the design method of bionic form design which is based on the view of product system. The systems flow are confirming bionic design object, cognizing biology characteristics, predigesting biology characteristics, changing biology characteristics to product and evaluating the design project.

然后将产品设计的基本方法同仿生设计的思维方法相结合，构建了产品形态仿生设计方法，该方法的流程依次为确定仿生目标、生物形态特征的认知、生物形态特征的简化、生物形态特征的产品设计转化以及设计方案的评价。

In the thesis some suggestions and ideas are provided such as FSA should be introduced into the legislation of ship technology; Different safety evaluation way and means should be set up according to different ship safety fields; Refer to the frame of rules and regulations of fire safety in international convention, drafts about ship fire safety in 2005 amendment of Regulations of Domestic Ship Survey Technology should be redrafted; Uncertainty analysis method, for instance RSI method, could be used in drafting and evaluating the rules and regulations for ship statutory survey in the new period.The topic of the thesis is novel and unique.

通过研究，笔者提出了若干建议和看法，比如：在船舶技术立法工作中必须引入综合安全评估方法；对于不同的船舶安全领域应建立不同的安全评估方法和手段；根据国际公约的消防安全法规框架，重新起草2005年修改通报中有关船舶消防安全的草案案文；并且还提出探索用&不确定性方法&作为新时期船检技术法规起草的革命性方法和手段。

But UCP was not fully applicable nor appropriate for standbys,even the least complexstandbys(those calling for presentation of a draft only)pose problems not addressed by theUCP more complex standbys(those involving longer terms or automatic extensions,transferon demand,requests that the beneficiary issue its own undertaking to another,and the like)require more specialized rules of practice.

本文采用历史的方法、比较分析的方法、归纳的方法、理论联系实际的方法，以对备用信用证制度的研究为核心，通过对备用信用证制度与其它相关制度、各国国内相关实践与国际范围内的相关实践的比较分析，试图从时间和空间两个角度来揭示备用信用证制度发展和运作的内在规律，并探讨与之其关的法律问题。

This method is limited by temperature measuring stationing. Its precision is difficult to improve. In this paper, the method is improved, we use flow rate measuring method and air velocity weighting temperature method. Moreover, two methods were compared and appraised.

这种方法受温度测量布点的限制，使精度很难进一步提高，本文对这种方法进行了改进，采用风量测量和风速测量对温度进行加权的方法，并对这两种方法进行了比较和评价。

Two ways to measure stability of tetrahedrons will be introduced. An earlier method to improve tetrahedron stability, the Snap Method, will be briefly discussed. Then techniques used in Delaunay. triangulation to deal with degenerated elements will bethoroughly investigated.

本文引入了两种单元质量的描述方法，简单介绍了已有的提高四面体稳定性方法之一—投射法；然后介绍了Delaunay方法中使用较广泛的逐点插入法的核心思想，将Delaunay网格构造法中处理退化单元的方法；删除法和换面法，改造后应用于四面体稳定性的提高上。

The products were identified by IR,NMR,MS and elemental analysis. In our method,K.OH was used in place of NaOH to synthesize benzyl ester of 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,2',6'-dimethyl-4'-(n-succinimidyloxycarbonyl) phenyl-acridinium-9-carboxylate was purified on a silica gel column with chloroform/ethylacetate(4:l,v/v) as eluent and further purified by triturating with hexane/acetone(2:l,v/v).The luminescence produced by DMAE-NHS is a flash light with maximumemission at 0.4s and decay half-time of 0.9s. The luminescence intensity is 6.11x10 cps/mol,which is affected by the composition of trigger and surfactant.

DMAE·NHS的合成是本论文的关键和难点，我们对文献方法进行改进：文献方法用氢氧化钠与3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸反应制得3，5-甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠，再用3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸钠与苄氯作用制备3，5-二甲基-4-羟基苯甲酸苄酯，我们用氢氧化钾代替氢氧化钠，使合成取得成功；在合成2'，6'-二甲基-4'-苯基-吖啶-9-甲酸酯时，文献方法对粗产品进行两次硅胶柱层析纯化，第一次柱层析用氯仿/乙酸乙酯(4：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，第二次柱层析用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)作溶剂和淋洗剂，按照文献方法得到的不是所需要的化合物，我们只进行第一次柱层析纯化，然后用己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)进行研磨，过滤，洗涤，除去溶于己烷/丙酮(2：1，Ⅴ：Ⅴ)的部分，得到所需要的产品。

In order to get a accurate checking result of volatilized hydroxybenzene 's amount in micro-polluted water resource,it brings forward a method of checking low-concentration volatilized hydroxybenzene ,introduces its experimental principles,experimental instruments,medicament,water sample treatment as well as its measuring method.

为了准确检测出微污染水源水中挥发酚的含量，提出了一种检测低浓度挥发酚的方法，介绍了其实验原理、实验仪器和药剂、水样处理及其测定方法，指出采用改进的方法比采用国标的方法更简单易行，提高了监测的准确度和精密度，适用于大批量生活饮用水的日常监测。

He could have such influence because: first, there are serious problems in the theory and practice of international communist movement; second, it has something to do with his way of criticizing-to use the apparently pure scientific way in pure academic criticism; third, the focus of his criticism, which targeted at Marxist materialist historical view, was mainly the l7th-l8th century historicism, especially the dogmatic, vulgarized and distorted Marxist social historical theory; last but not the least, Marxist materialist historicism is the dialect logical results drawn from practice while Popper chiefly used formal logic and scientific way, the more easily understandable and acceptable way, in his criticism.

究其原因，我认为这首先与国际共产主义运动的理论与实践本身存在严重问题有关；其次与他批判的特点有关－用貌似纯科学的方法作纯学术的批判；三是其批判锋芒所指虽然也包括马克思主义的唯物史观，但主要是指17-18世纪历史决定论，特别是指被教条化、庸俗化和曲解了的马克思主义的社会历史理论；更深层的原因是，马克思主义的历史决定论是在实践中运用辩证逻辑概括出来的，而波普尔的批判主要运用的是形式逻辑和自然科学的方法，这样的逻辑和方法是人们通常比较容易理解和接受的方法。

He could have such influence because:first,there are serious problems in the theory and practice of international communist movement;second,it has something to do with his way of criticizing-to use the apparently pure scientific way in pure academic criticism;third,the focus of his criticism, which targeted at Marxist materialist historical view,was mainly the 17th-18th century historicism,especially the dogmatic,vulgarized and distorted Marxist social historical theory;last but not the least,Marxist materialist historicism is the dialect logical results drawn from practice while Popper chiefly used formal logic and scientific way,the more easily understandable and acceptable way,in his criticism.

究其原因，我认为这首先与国际共产主义运动的理论与实践本身存在严重问题有关；其次与他批判的特点有关用貌似纯科学的方法作纯学术的批判；三是其批判锋芒所指虽然也包括马克思主义的唯物史观，但主要是指17—18世纪历史决定论，特别是指被教条化、庸俗化和曲解了的马克思主义的社会历史理论；更深层的原因是，马克思主义的历史决定论是在实践中运用辩证逻辑概括出来的，而波普尔的批判主要运用的是形式逻辑和自然科学的方法，这样的逻辑和方法是人们通常比较容易理解和接受的方法。

objective:to explore the method of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of oligohydramnios in late pregnancy,the association of olignophdramnios with pregnant complications and its effect on perineonate.methods:the clinical data in 84 patient with oligohydramnios from january 2004 to december 2006 in our hospital were collected,and 100 patients with normal amniotic fluid volume selected randomly served as control at the same time.the complications of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes were analysed.results:afi method was much better than afv in diagnosis of oligohydramnios by ultrasonography.the combination of both methods could obviously improve the diagnostic accuracy of oligohydramnios.oligohydramnios could cause pregnant complications,the rate of cesarean section,fetal distress,asphyxia neonatorum and meconium -stained fluid improved significantly.conclusion:oligohydramnios in late pregnancy can cause adverse effect to perineonate,it is a dangerous omen to perineonate and need to be done immediately.ultrasonography is a dependable diagnostic method of oligohydramnios in late pregnancy.

目的：探讨超声诊断晚期妊娠羊水过少的方法，羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对围生儿的影响。方法：收集我院2004年1月~2006年12月住院分娩足月妊娠产妇超声诊断羊水过少者84例，与临床符合率相比较，同时随机抽取同期在我院住院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇100例作为对照组，两组妊娠并发症及围生儿情况进行比较。结果：超声诊断羊水过少afi法优于afv法，两种方法结合可明显提高羊水过少的诊断准确率，羊水过少易伴发妊娠并发症，且妊娠晚期羊水过少孕妇剖宫产率及胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息的发生率明显增加，差异均有显著性。结论：妊娠晚期羊水过少会给围生儿造成不良的影响，是危险的征兆，需及时处理，超声检查是产前诊断羊水过少的可靠方法。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。