方法

First,introducing the history trace,impact and function of Chinese comment thinking research.The conception of single case research,the difference between single case research and else research methods,the basic content of single case research,the logic basis of single case research, four assay strategies of single case research etc.

一，介绍作为分析基础的中国评论思想研究的历史沿革、作用和社会功能；作为技术基础的单个案例研究方法：个案研究的诸概念、个案研究与其他研究方法的比较、个案研究方法的基本内容、个案研究方法的逻辑基础、个案研究的四种分析战略等。

In this field, Christian et proposed a Island method in 2005, it is a k nearest neighbor query method of moving objects based on road network,but this method has three flaws which are k nearest neighbor query in constrained road network,traffic-jam exploration and optimize of Island's radius. This article has studied k nearest neighbor query of moving objects based on road network in view of above three aspects ,and proposed the Island+ method, which has made the improvement to the memory structure and trajectory preservation of neighbor objects.

在这一领域，Christian等人在2005年提出了Island方法，它是一种基于路网的移动对象k近邻查询方法，但是这种方法存在以下不足的地方，第一，该方法对路网没有任何限制条件；第二，没有给出明确的数据存储结构；第三，区域半径一致，效率不高。

This paper briefs the basic principles of " transitive closure " cluster analysis based on fuzzy equivalent relation and fuzzy ISODATA cluster analysis based on soft division technique, and advances a classification and recognition method by combining K-L transformation and the two fuzzy cluster methods above, which makes full use of the advantages of both cluster methods.

介绍了基于模糊等价关系的"传递包"聚类和基于软划分的模糊ISODATA聚类2种模糊聚类分析方法的基本原理，充分利用2种方法的优点，提出了一种将K-L变换与上述2种模糊聚类方法相结合的分类识别方法。

Up-to-date, four models of the radiative transter processes have been developed: the two-stream Eddington approximation; the Eddington factor iteration; the ray tracing method and the Monte-Carlo method.

目前所见到的四种球对称系统中的尘埃辐射转移方法可被总结为：二流Eddington近似模型方法、Eddington因子迭代模型方法、射线跟踪法和Monte-Carlo模型方法。

There arise many techniques in the study of existence of solution for operator equations,such as topological transversality method,upper and lower solutions method,monotone iterative method, and variation method,and bountiful results are obtained.

在算子方程解的存在性研究中产生了许多方法，如拓扑度方法、上下解方法、单调迭代法、变分方法等，获得了丰富的结果。

This will promote to the airline company improving services and enhance level of management and benefit of operation. This will advances the development of national economic and meet the requirement of people life and business activity, and increase the living quantity, and adapt to the travel industry to make use of. Everyone in the civil aviation should pay attention to.This paper analyzes the problem of development of regional aviation transport from three angles. Combining with the background of our country social economy development, and the speeding and improving service and advancing the marketing means, the compete power of three main transportation modes of regional aviation and railroad and highway in our country. From angle of tripper, a mathematical model of trip cost is established to quantitatively describe the choice behavior of passengers to select the model transportation. A

结合我国社会经济发展的背景，以及地面铁路和公路不但提速、改进服务和营销手段的现状，首先定性的分析了我国目前主要的三种客运方式支线航空运输、公路运输和铁路运输的竞争能力，然后从旅行者的角度，使用旅客出行成本模型，对成渝线、福厦线和台高线航线上不同出行方式的出行成本进行了对比研究，提出降低旅行成本，增强支线航空运输竞争能力的建议和方法；接着提出了利用层次分析法和模糊评判理论，对目前国内所采用的支线机型进行分析比较的方法，建立了选择支线机型的方法和评判标准，这给航空公司在发展支线航空选择机型时提供了一种评价选择方式；然后应用博弈论的方法、模型，分析支线航空运输航线结构变动时各种运输方式的经济行为、成因、结果及合理措施，提出航空公司发展支线航空运输的对策；最后对我国支线航空运输的现状进行了分析，并对未来支线航空运输的发展进行了预测，有针对性地提出了我国支线航空运输的发展策略。

Moreover, some other methods, such as comparison, typology and subject-cross are adopted in some parts of the researches.

在各部分的研究过程中，还运用了比较研究方法、类型学方法、学科交叉方法等一些具体的研究方法。

In accordance with the technological difficulties encountered in the process of insulation supervision based on the Dissolved Gases Analysis,several kinds of model and method are presented to improve the reliability and precision of fault diagnosis of the power transformer. Main research content includes:By deeply studying the common transformer faults diagnosing methods,such as three-ratio methods and improved electrical committee agreements,several shortcomings such as uncertainness judgment when the fault reasons,phenomenon and principles come out together while can not consistent to each other etc. For this reason,the old methods can not fully meet the need to engineering practical application.Considering fuzzy relationship matrix can fully represents the causality between fault symptoms and fault types,when diagnosing complex equipments with multiple symptoms and fault causes such as power transformer,a synthetic fuzzy diagnosing model is firstly proposed to diagnose transformers insulation faults based on DGA in this paper. Meanwhile,by further study the character of fuzzy factors,aimed at correcting the defects in classifying fuzzy sets of common fuzzy judgment,a method are put forward by unifying fuzzy synthetic diagnosis and fuzzy principle reasoning.

本文针对应用油中溶解气体分析方法进行变压器绝缘监督时所遇到的主要技术难点，提出了提高变压器故障诊断的准确性、可靠性的几种模诊断方法，主要研究内容有：通过对判断变压器故障常用的三比值法和改良电协研法的深入分析，其诊断准确率较高，但对故障原因、故障现象和故障机理间同时存在不确定性和模糊性的变压器等电气设备的故障诊断，难于满足工程应用的需要；在处理变压器等结构复杂设备的多症状、多原因故障诊断时，模糊关系矩阵可以全面反映这种症状与故障类型间的因果关系，进而提出了变压器故障诊断的模糊综合诊断模型；同时作者还深入分析了模糊算子的特性；针对常用的模糊评判结果的模糊集的集化方法的不足性，提出了将模糊综合诊断与模糊规则推理结合起来进行故障诊断的方法，能达到较好的效果。

Primarily, the thesis assays the condition of network framework, the network was divided into three levels in terms of network management in order to establish the distributed method ,and still pointing out the intention and denotation of studying the Topology Discovery.Next, the thesis analyzes SNMP protocol minutely, including its development, principle, and the Network Management system that established on the SNMP protocol. Have analysed MIB in detail and the application way of MIB in network management .The thesis also assays the ICMP protocol, describing its working principle and the format of datagram minutely , and describing two important tools of ICMP- Ping and TraceRoute in detail. On the base of upper analysis, the thesis expounds a kind of distributed Topology Discovery project, and book it in one autonomy system. Topology Discovery was divided into two levels in terms of network management, and analyses the way of linking up between the two level. The thesis minutely assays Router-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on SNMP and Subnet-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on ARP and ICMP. According to these analyses, the thesis explores the specific methodology and the technology of XML data object which using the WinSNMP API to achieve topology discovering system on the development platform of Visual C++, and also analyses the technology of topology analysis and topology graph minutely. Moreover, the thesis assays the technology of basic firewall and Topology Discovery response strategy. Finally, the thesis analyses the underlying blind problem of the topology finding, and also analyses the reason that the blind problem produced and the way that reduced. The distributed algorithm that this paper puts forward has a certain directive significance in wireless network or other fields.

本文首先分析了网络结构状况，将网络从网络管理的角度划分为三个层次，为分布式的方法奠定了基础，同时还指出拓扑发现研究的目的及意义；接着本文分析了SNMP协议，详细分析了SNMP协议的发展状况，协议的工作原理，以及由SNMP协议基础上建立的SNMP网络管理体系，详细分析了MIB，以及MIB在网络管理上的应用方式；本文又分析了ICMP协议，详细描述了ICMP的工作原理和数据报格式，并详细描述了ICMP的两个重要工具-Ping 和TraceRoute；然后本文在结合上述分析的基础上，提出了一种分布式的拓扑发现方案，将拓扑发现拟订在一个自治系统内，将拓扑发现从网络管理角度划分为路由器级和子网级两个层次，分析了两个层次之间的衔接方式，同时从拓扑地域的角度将拓扑发现过程分布化，分析了分布式算法的具体方法和分布式结点之间的数据通讯方法，本文详细分析了基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现技术和基于ARP和ICMP的子网级拓扑发现技术；根据这些分析，本文利用XML数据对象作为分布式算法中的数据对象，分析了XML的技术，本文使用Visual C++开发平台实现网络拓扑发现系统，详细分析了使用WinSNMP API实现基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现和基于ARP的子网级拓扑发现，分析了使用Winsock编程实现基于ICMP的子网级拓扑发现，本文还对拓扑分析和拓扑图的绘制技术作了较细致的分析；本文最后还分析了基本防火墙技术，分析了几种类型的防火墙对拓扑发现带来的影响，以及在拓扑发现时的应对策略，本文还分析了拓扑发现中可能产生的盲点问题，分析了盲点产生的原因以及拓扑发现中减少盲点的方法。

The ungulate habitat selection can be examined in a variety of ways: the fixed plot method, the mechanical plot method, the trace-plot method.

国内外有蹄类栖息地的研究方法主要有固定样方法、机械样方法和痕迹样方法。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。