方差矩阵

The forgetting factor was optimized by reducing the trace of the input error covariance matrix. This factor is able to modify the iterative learning law of control input. The error signal of the feed-forward learning controller was filtered by a zero-phase FIR digital filter.

通过减小系统输入误差协方差矩阵迹的方式得到优化的遗忘因子，来修正控制输入的迭代学习律，同时采用零相位FIR数字滤波器对前馈学习控制器中的误差信号进行滤波处理。

The covariance matrix of receive data is eigendecomposed. and the signal subspace is obtained. Then the channel vector is projected onto the subspace, and more accurate channel vector is obtained. According to the beamforming algorithm, the detection filter coefficients are calculated.

将接收数据的协方差矩阵进行特征值分解，得到信号子空间，将存在估计误差的信道矢量向该子空间投影，就可以得到较为准确的信道矢量，然后利用波束形成计算出检测滤波器的系数。

Order determination is accomplished in two stages, i.e., the AR order is first determined by the minimum eigenvalue of overdetermined instrumental variable product moment and the MA order is then estimated by the minimum eigenvalues of a covariance matrix derived from the observed data.

该方法将ARMA模型的结构辨识分两步进行：首先利用超定辅助变量乘积矩(0IVPM)的最小特征值确定自回归部分的阶，然后利用协方差矩阵的特征值估计滑动平均部分的阶。

In the third chapter, we assume the expected returns of the risky and risk-free assets as well as the covariance matrix of the risky assets are not exactly known, but defined by some known elements, which form the vertices of this polytope. We consider three problems, the first one is when there exists no risk-free asset in the

第三章假设风险资产和无风险资产的收益以及风险资产的协方差矩阵不是完全确定的，其相关参数属于某个已知的凸多面体，分别在市场不存在和存在无风险资产的情况下定义了稳健最优投资组合问

A frame image of a video frequency sequence is read into a postpositional memory zone, and staring position and size information of a tracked object is obtained in the frame, then distribution statistical information of a target signature is extracted to build a gauss mixed model as an object template, a mean vector and a covariance matrix in gauss mixed distribution are used to describe the position and the size of the object, then the next frame image of the video frequency sequence is read into the postpositional memory zone. In a new frame video frequency image, a parameter estimation method is used to obtain object gauss mized model parameters in the current frame in iterative computation and find candidate template similar to the object template, and the final model parameters obtained in iteration are used to update the tracking window for realizing self-adaption of the tracked window.

将视频序列的一帧图像读入缓存区，获得该帧中被跟踪目标的初始位置和尺寸信息，然后提取目标特征的分布统计信息建立高斯混合模型作为目标模板，用高斯混合分布的均值向量和协方差矩阵描述目标的位置和尺寸，再将视频序列下一帧图像读入缓存区，在新一帧视频图像中利用参数估计方法迭代计算当前帧中目标高斯混合模型参数找到与目标模板最相似的候选模板，利用迭代得到的最终模型参数更新跟踪窗口实现跟踪窗宽的自适应。

By doing so, the effect of training data pollution in STAP is mitigated.

另一种方法是根据已知的雷达系统参数计算出近程杂波的距离多普勒二维分布，在STAP处理时将包含近程杂波的距离单元剔除使之不参与协方差矩阵的统计，这样就减少了样本污染对STAP的影响。

Because of the computation load and the implementation complexity of full rank STAP are too great to be accepted and it is really very difficult to obtain enough samples to estimate the covariance matrix.

最初提出的是使用全部空域和时域进行处理的全时空的最优算法的计算量和实现的复杂度令人们难以接受，并且难以获得估计协方差矩阵所需的足够的样本数，后来的研究重点就转移到了降维处理算法上。

The performance of a disturbance covariance matrix is degradated in space time adaptive processing when it is estimated with secondary data contaminated by targetlike signals.

针对空时自适应处理中样本协方差矩阵受干扰目标污染时检测性能下降的问题，提出了一种基于知识的空时自适应处理（knowledge aided space time adaptive processing， KASTAP）方法。

Unlike the uniform linear array,the unform circular array is able to provide 360°azimuthal coverage,within the mode space,it has the covariance matrix of the Toeplitz-like struture while all sources are uncorrelated,with which the noise variance can be made out directly,note that will eliminate an eigendecomposition when the ESPRIT is applied,consequently reduce the computational load.

对于均匀圆形阵列，在信源都是非相干信源的情形下，由于模式变换后的协方差矩阵具有类Toeplitz的特征，因此，我们可以根据这种特殊的性质，直接求得噪声分量，因此若使用ESPRIT算法进行波达方向估计，就可以避免第一次特征分解，较大程度上减少了计算量。

The transmitter takes advantage of the eigenvectors of the SCM of the correlated channels to spread and weigh the signals of each layer. The spatial eigenbeams are formed to carry the signals being spread. The receiver distinguishes the signals from different beams via dispreading operations; therefore co-channel interferences are eliminated effectively.

发射机利用信道空域协方差矩阵的特征矢量，对每一层发射码元进行扩频和特征波束形成加权，形成正交的空域特征波束来承载扩频后的信号码元；接收机则通过解扩处理分离来自不同波束上的信号，有效地抑制了共信道干扰。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。