方差比

The estimation accuarcy of the method is improved about 5 dB compared to that of the correlation function method.

该方法充分利用了多个脉冲的信息，其估计方差比相关函数法提高5 dB左右。

The methods of adaptive median filter, variance ratio of interclass and intraclass segmentation, and mathematical morphology were used to decrease the noise of original welded seam image, to extract welded seam region, and to carry on high frequency enhancement transformation for the interior of extracted welded seam with frequency range sharpening.

利用自适应中值滤波方法和类间、类内方差比分割法及数学形态学方法对原始焊缝图像进行降噪和提取焊缝区域，并对提取的焊缝内部进行频域锐化的高频加强变换。

Simulation results indicated that the adaptive median filtering effectively removes noise, and maintain the details of welded seam and defection edge; the variance ratio of interclass and intraclass segmentation could accurately distinguished between the welded seam metal and the base metal together with mathematical morphology method; high frequency enhancement extrudes the welded seam center, consequently defects would be detected.

仿真结果表明自适应中值滤波能够有效去除噪声，并保持焊缝和缺陷的边缘细节；类间、类内方差比分割方法与数学形态学方法并用，能准确的将图像分割为焊缝与母材区域；高频加强变换能够使焊缝中心部位突显出来，从而实现缺陷的检测。

The criterion is that the location with according to the maximal mean square deviation of the AE signals is the height level of fluidized bed.

利用颗粒运动碰撞壁面产生声波的机理以及声波信号随流化床高的规律性变化，根据料位处的声信号能量及声信号均方差均达到最大的状态，提出了声信号测定料位高度的判据，即声信号的均方差比达到最大时的床高即为料位高度。

In the last part, simultaneously analyzed three types of weak-form market efficiency tests-auto regression, run tests and variance ratio test for various data frequencies, perform the tests on both the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets for a period of more than six years.

第三章中，本文运用自回归、游程检验和方差比检验三种模型分别对我国上海股票市场和深圳股票市场的弱式有效性进行分析。

This essay introduced the method and the empirical results of run test, Dickey-Fuller test and variance ratio test on the efficient market hypothesis. Furthermore, reviewed the volatility test method and empirical result on the EMH which relative to the tests based on stock market return.

摘 要：介绍了市场有效性假定的游程检验，DF检验以及方差比检验的方法和相关实证研究的结果，与以上基于股票市场收益的市场有效性检验相对应，对市场有效性假定的波动性检验方法以及实证结果进行了述评。

The efficiency problem on the electricity futures market is systematically investigated from the three aspects, i.e., the market efficiency, the price discovery function and the hedge function by means of the. cointergration technique, the variance ratio and the Granger causality test methods, etc.

从电力期货市场的有效性、价格发现功能效率和套期保值功能效率三个方面，借助协整技术、方差比检验、Granger因果检验等，系统地研究了电力期货市场的效率问题。

Using augmented Dickey-Fuller test, the result shows that BDI logarithm series is nonstationary but the first difference is stationary, i. e. it is integrated of order one. High-level ARCH effect was certification in the BDI logarithm series by ARCH LM test, and GARCH (1, 1) model was used to eliminate the conditional heteroscedasticity. Through variance ratio test, the result shows, that the random walk hypothesis of BDI logarithm series can be rejected and international dry bulk shipping market is inefficient.

运用ADF检验方法对BDI的对数序列进行平稳性和单整检验，结果证明BDI对数序列是一个非平稳过程，经一阶差分后是平稳过程，即BDI对数序列是一阶单整过程；通过ARCH LM检验认为BDI对数序列存在高阶ARCH效应，并用GARCH(1，1)模型消除了残差序列的条件异方差性；通过方差比检验法对国际干散货航运市场的收益率序列进行了检验，结果显示BDI的对数序列的随机游走假设被拒绝，国际干散货航运市场不是一个有效的市场。

Based on the market microstructure theory, this paper firstly discusses how the different trading mechanisms decide the price and the relationship of the trading mechanism and the volatility of return. Then selecting the stocks synchronously listed in the market of Mainland China and Hong Kong as the sample, we empirically analyze the relationship of the trading mechanism and the volatility of return. After describing the originality variance ratio of the markets, this paper explains the outcome of the empirical and makes a GARCH (1, 1) model for further analyze.

本文以金融市场微观结构理论为基础，首先从理论上探讨了不同的交易机制对股票价格的确定过程，以及交易机制与股票价格波动性的关系问题；接着本文选用同在中国大陆和中国香港地区上市的公司股票每日的开盘和收盘价格为样本，分别以收益率的原始方差比和GARCH(1， 1)模型估计的方差比实证分析了交易机制与股价波动性的关系。

By above research, the following results are obtained.(1)The extracting module of aero-radioactive thematic information is integrated with ENVI, the remote sensing image processing software;(2) Based on the IDL, the computer program modules extracting following uranium thematic information have been developed, including initial uranium contents, active uranium contents, uranium migration coefficient, uranium information strengthen, uranium D-value and variance Ratio etc, al. Some of kalium special information extracting modules are also developed;(3)Based on the IDL, the aero-radioactivity information multi-parameter focus analysis module is developed;(4) It is proposed that a lots of phenomenon of uranium immigrating exist in Keping-Kuche are in the Neocene period. Because of the uranium pre-enrichment, the areas with high uranium content were formed in Neozoic and Quaternary. The above migration uranium are also the abundant source for uranium ore-forming in favorable strata of Mesozoic and Cenozoic system;(5)There are obvious uranium immigrating and enrichment in Eastern Portion of Keping Block Uplift, Yinate-Laolongjiang, and Qidaoban-KuChe.

通过上述研究，取得了如下成果：(1)实现了航放专题信息提取模块与ENVI遥感图像处理软件的无缝集成；(2)基于IDL语言开发了初始铀含量、活性铀含量、铀迁移系数、铀信息增强、铀差值方差比等航放铀专题信息，钾专题信息提取处理程序；(3)基于IDL语言开发了航放信息多参数聚焦分析处理程序；(4)发现柯坪-库车地区在晚第三纪开始出现了大量的铀迁移富集现象，不仅使上第三系、第四系沉积时因铀的预富集而形成铀含量高场区，而且也为研究区中新生代有利目的层的铀成矿提供了铀源条件；(5)研究认为，研究区柯坪断隆东段，英阿特-老龙江，七道班-库车等三个区块存在明显的铀迁入富集。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。