新词的

In new term besides person name, name of name of organic still compose, place name, product, brand name, abbreviation, brachylogy is very unmanageable problem, and these as it happens is the word that people often uses, to search accordingly index is propped up for, it is very important that the new term in segmenting a system identifies.

新词中除了人名以外，还有机构名、地名、产品名、商标名、简称、省略语等都是很难处理的问题，而且这些又正好是人们经常使用的词，因此对于搜索引擎来说，分词系统中的新词识别十分重要。

Person name was removed in new term beyond, brachylogy of 、 of abbreviation of 、 of name of brand of 、 of name of product of 、 of place name of 、 of name of organic still compose is very unmanageable problem, and these You as it happens are the word that people often uses, to search accordingly index is propped up for, it is very important that the new term in segmenting a system identifies.

新词中除了人名以外，还有机构名、地名、产品名、商标名、简称、省略语等都是很难处理的问题，而且这些又正好是人们经常使用的词，因此对于搜索引擎来说，分词系统中的新词识别十分重要。

There are fifty-three newly emerging words and meanings of the ninety-eight compound words, and the proportion is 54%, and they were the newly emerging language elements.

在98个合成词中，出现的新词、新义有53个，占54％；也就是说，这53个新词新义是唐代新生的语言要素。

In chapter two, three and four, we have a stationary description ofpolysyllable words in One Hundred Buddhist Parables as objectively as possible. Forexample, its number, frequency, components, structure, new words with their newmeanings and so on. As for the later two aspects, we have complete counts by meansof statistics. Through the conditions of polysyllable words, we can have a generalidea of the development of vocabulary in the South and North dynasties. We combinefixed quantity study with fixed quality study.

在第二、三、四章中，我们对《百喻经》中的复音词尽可能客观地作了一个静态描写，如它的数量、频率、组成、结构和新词新义等方面，其中后两者都是用数据统计方式，穷尽式地对《百喻经》中复音词的各种结构和新词新义的数量进行统计，这样可以使我们通过本书的复音词概貌来基本了解整个南北朝时代词汇发展的大致情况，把定量研究和定性研究结合起来。

Slang is a casual use of language that consists of expressive but nonstandard vocabulary , typically of arbitrary , flashy and often ephemeral coinages and figures of speech characterized by spontaneity and sometime by raciness .

俚语是一种随意使用的语言，这种语言包含有表现力强但却不标准的词汇，尤其是包含任意的，低俗的，而且通常是短命的创新词和比喻，这些创新词和比喻具有自发性特征，有时又具有亵渎特征。

The conclusions are as follows:(1) Neologisms in each Huayu region can be classified into two major categories:self-originated and others-originated,among which the new-born words are "absolute new words" and the inherited word are "relative new words",and there are also others-originated elements in the morphemic and sense systems of new words;(2) Variation can be seen in the morpheme,formation,building and sense of new words in Huayu regions,besides individuals of new words;(3) Aggregation of current new words and compound words with one common morpheme and a same construction,together with the aggregation of synonyms and that of different senses in polysemies,reflect the relevance of the systems of new words in Huayu regions in their variation;(4) Regular participation of hinting sense of a formation element in forming and building new words is an important way of producing new sense of morpheme,and an important reason for the current emergence of words with more than one new senses;(5) Compared with ordinary words,the productivity of ways of word formation in forming new words both in general and of a particular class will change and new ways of word formation appear in Huayu regions;(6) The semantic collocation of the verbal morpheme of new verbs in a phrase has a great influence on the location of its structural center,and the complex syntactic behaviors of new verbs are related to the different processes of argument integration;(7) The processes of building new words with the same meaning differ in levels of approaches to motivation cognition,perspectives of motivation cognition,morpheme motivation and morpheme expression,etc.;(8) The lexical interaction in Huayu regions results in lexical subsystem intersections of current new words across two,three and four regions.

本文的主要结论是：(1)各华语区新词均可分为"自源新词"和"他源新词"两大类，其中的新生词和传承词分属"绝对新词"和"相对新词"，新词语的词素、词义系统中也含有他源成分；(2)除词语个体外，华语区新词在词素、构词、造词、词义等方面均体现了某种程度的变异：(3)通用词语聚合、同素同构词聚合、同义异形词聚合与一词多义聚合集中反映了各华语区新词语系统在变异中的关联；(4)构词单位经常提示词义参与构造新词是产生新语素义的重要途径，也是当代多新义词现象的重要成因；(5)相对于一般词语，构词方式在新词语中的总能产性和在某一词类中所体现的能产性都有所变化，华语区也产生了新的构词方式；(6)新动词的动素在短语中的语义搭配对结构核心的位置有很大影响，新动词的复杂句法表现与不同的论元整合过程有关；(7)同义新词造词过程的差异包括理据认知途径、理据认知角度、词素理据和词素表达等不同层面；(8)华语区的词汇互动形成了双区、三区和四区通用新词等词汇子系统交集，作为华语核心，普通话所含纳的通用词语多于各区域变体。

However, most of the researches concerned focus on the morphemic structure of new words; few of them discuss the success of new words. Thanks to vastly increased knowledge about new words and their histories, it is now possible to answer the above questions.

有关新词研究的书籍和文章很多，但是大部分的研究主要针对新词构词结构，只有少数讨论新词能否被社会语言接受最终收录到词典。

The conclusions are as follows:(1) Neologisms in each Huayu region can be classified into two major categories:self-originated and others-originated,among which the new-born words are "absolute new words" and the inherited word are "relative new words",and there are also others-originated elements in the morphemic and sense systems of new words;(2) Variation can be seen in the morpheme,formation,building and sense of new words in Huayu regions,besides individuals of new words;(3) Aggregation of current new words and compound words with one common morpheme and a same construction,together with the aggregation of synonyms and that of different senses in polysemies,reflect the relevance of the systems of new words in Huayu regions in their variation;(4) Regular participation of hinting sense of a formation element in forming and building new words is an important way of producing new sense of morpheme,and an important reason for the current emergence of words with more than one new senses;(5) Compared with ordinary words,the productivity of ways of word formation in forming new words both in general and of a particular class will change and new ways of word formation appear in Huayu regions;(6) The semantic collocation of the verbal morpheme of new verbs in a phrase has a great influence on the location of its structural center,and the complex syntactic behaviors of new verbs are related to the different processes of argument integration;(7) The processes of building new words with the same meaning differ in levels of approaches to motivation cognition,perspectives of motivation cognition,morpheme motivation and morpheme expression,etc.;(8) The lexical interaction in Huayu regions results in lexical subsystem intersections of current new words across two,three and four regions.

本文的主要结论是：(1)各华语区新词均可分为&自源新词&和&他源新词&两大类，其中的新生词和传承词分属&绝对新词&和&相对新词&，新词语的词素、词义系统中也含有他源成分；(2)除词语个体外，华语区新词在词素、构词、造词、词义等方面均体现了某种程度的变异：(3)通用词语聚合、同素同构词聚合、同义异形词聚合与一词多义聚合集中反映了各华语区新词语系统在变异中的关联；(4)构词单位经常提示词义参与构造新词是产生新语素义的重要途径，也是当代多新义词现象的重要成因；(5)相对于一般词语，构词方式在新词语中的总能产性和在某一词类中所体现的能产性都有所变化，华语区也产生了新的构词方式；(6)新动词的动素在短语中的语义搭配对结构核心的位置有很大影响，新动词的复杂句法表现与不同的论元整合过程有关；(7)同义新词造词过程的差异包括理据认知途径、理据认知角度、词素理据和词素表达等不同层面；(8)华语区的词汇互动形成了双区、三区和四区通用新词等词汇子系统交集，作为华语核心，普通话所含纳的通用词语多于各区域变体。

At the phonological level, foregrounding is fulfilled through the reoccurrence of the identical sound. Nonce-formations, abbreviations, blends and sense-shift attain lexical foregrounding, and the frequent use of the shorts words and numbers also functions. At the syntactic level, foregrounded features are embodied in the frequent use of active voice and quotations, and also the peculiar use of the tenses. Foregrounding at the semantic level principally turns up in the news headlines. It is the use of metaphor, synecdoche, metonymy and pun that helps to bring the potential of the linguistic elements into full play.

从语相层来看，体育新闻报道通过对标点符号的特殊使用、拼写的变异以及排版方式来实现前景化；从音位层来看，前景化靠对同一音素的复现来实现；从词汇层来看，新词的创造、词汇的缩略、混成及旧词新义等实现了对常规语言的偏离，此外，频繁使用短小词和数字也将报道推向前景；句法层上，体育新闻报道则通过对主动语态、引语等的频繁使用和时态的特殊用法来实现前景化；语义层的前景化主要集中在新闻标题中暗喻、提喻、转喻及双关等的使用。

Here are some of my more offensive thoughts, packaged as

也许，为旧词创造新词很值得炫耀，但我要说的是，我不是在推销我的新词，或显小聪明，我只是想不出更好的词儿。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。