新艺术主义

Bely believed that symbolism made art a new life and a new religion of free people.

别雷相信，象征主义使艺术成为自由人类的新生活和新宗教。

The spatial narrative structures in Calvino's fictions can be divided into three types :"the building of two worlds "is the main way in the earlier writing phase of Neorealist and Fairy tale .Dimidiation and mergence is the art feature .It signs that the sense of the world and the creative ideas of the writer start to form;"Synchrony and Juxtaposition "and "Crystal pattern "are the prominent characteristics during his Postmodernism writings phase. The writer takes the complex and diverse form of space art, such as segments、juxtaposition、defamiliarization、crystal's combination and derivatives, ect. to represent the essence of the world, and to exprsee the writer's confusion and efforts to understand and build a sense of it.

卡尔维诺小说的空间叙事结构具有阶段性，可以分为三种不同的类型："两个世界的构建"是早期新现实主义和童话寓言创作阶段的主要方法，二分和弥合是其艺术特点，标志作家世界感和创作观念开始形成；"共时并置"和"晶体模式"则是后现代主义小说创作时期的突出特征，作家以片断、并置、陌生化、晶体组合衍生等复杂多样的空间化艺术形式来表现世界的本质以及自身理解世界、构建意义的困惑和努力。

Second, artists' personality style and self centre were transformed into imitatively mechanical duplication and "off centre" of modes of thoughy, from which modern art's anxiety was transformed into "exhaustive" new morbid state of post modern art.

其次是艺术家讲求个性风格与自我的中心转向仿像的机械复制与观念的"去中心"，以及由此而产生的现代主义艺术之"焦虑"向后现代主义艺术之"耗尽"的新病态的转换

Secondly, it introduces the doctrines of person, deity and God etc. in Neoplatonism, which are represented by the composition of a picture, currents in the Sistine Ceilling. Finally, the paper refers to the Michelangelo s sonnets which are roughly grouped into...

随后，着重介绍了新柏拉图主义中关于人、神和上帝等学说在《西斯廷天顶壁画》的构图、内容中的体现；最后，将米开朗基罗一生创作地十四行诗，分为三个时期来论证新柏拉图主义对这位巨人的艺术创作所带来的巨大影响。

In these artworks, illusive emotions with personal and interesting tones appear natural and casual. The selection of materials has become an attitude. Styles and forms have become the carrier of attitudes. Feelings and experiences are expressed without interpretation. It appropriates and uses, without any moral judge, any claim or any answer for any question. Willfully, subjectively and unfaithfully copying the world, art has an unprecedented lack of need to claim its rightfulness, or to force its audience to understand that the work is about. It even intentionally returns to a kind of naivety. The works seem to be excreted rather than constructed. These are all prominent features of postmodernist creations in a social situation that beholds neoliberalism as the mainstream ideology.

幻觉式的情感、富于个人性和趣味性的语调，不动生色地刻意雕琢却以最平淡随意的形式出现，对材料的选择作为一种态度，风格和形式也成为态度的载体，不需要被阐释只需要被感知、体验、欣赏和使用，不做任何道德判断，不发表任何声明，或对某个问题做出一个答案，肆意地、主观地、不忠实地去复制世界，艺术前所未有地不需要去证明自己的正当性，也不要求人们去探问艺术作品在说什么，甚至有意地回归到一种天真的状态，作品似乎是被分泌出来的，而不是被构造出来的，这些都是在以新自由主义为主流意识形态的社会形势中后现代主义作品的最显著的特点。

However, during New Trend '85, Gu Wenda differentiated himself from most artists of Chinese Painting of the time and showed his contemporary consciousness by experimenting on traditional ink painting materials and techniques. This brought out a new possibility for the contemporaneity of Chinese Painting. Since then, unremitting efforts have been made to "modernize" Chinese Painting through traditional abstract elements like ink-wash and Calligraphy. These efforts streamed into a new trend called "modern ink"(or "abstract ink","experimental ink") in late 1980's, though seemed not widely acknowledged for its resemblance to Abstract Expressionism of 1960's and 1970's American art. What is interesting is that while some artists are endeavoring to "westernize" their art, a new trend grouped as "Neo-literati Painting" appears with very traditional form and mood. This can be explained as a group of people's resistance to the reformation of traditional culture as well as their nostalgia to traditional ideals. However, this school tends to be artificial for the absence of the particular context, and the expression with traditional brushwork is also regionally limited. Of all the efforts of reformation, Chinese Painting that accordingly adopts the tradition heads the list because of the cultural identification of the big number of population and greater market as a result of the economic growth of China. Meanwhile, the immense conservative inertia of traditional Chinese culture can also be detected.

在"现代艺术"风起云涌的"85新潮"中，谷文达以传统水墨的材料和方法表达出不同于当时大多数中国画艺术家们这种文化心态和文化认知的现代意识，为中国画的现代性提供了一种方案；以水墨、还有选择中国传统书法的抽象因素等可能来进行现代性探索，一直是中国画连绵的努力，在80年代后期汇聚成"现代水墨"（又或曰"抽象水墨"、"实验水墨"），是中国画的又一流向，但是不是没有脱离60、70年代美国的"抽象主义"意义，反而还有了拾人牙慧之嫌，所以始终难以获得更大的认可和成功；很有趣的是，与此"西化"流向同时的，还有以非常传统的方式出现的"新文人画"潮流，或许可以把这看着是部分中国文化人在中国以西方为参照的新文化背景下对之的抵制，对传统理想的怀念和诉求，但由于已经失去了其语境和环境，"新文人画"显得娇情和造作，而且这种以非常地域化的传统笔墨语言来表现的方式也失去了更为普遍化的可能；反而是延续传统一脉的国画，由于有巨大的人数基础的本土文化的认同，在中国经济发展后有了更大的市场，所以还是蔚然为中国画的一大潮向，从这也可以看到中国文化承传的保守性的力量。

In response to the appearance of 1960s minimalist art, art critic Michael Fried proposed his concept of "Objecthood"which stated that the new art form was "seeking to occupy a position in the world."

上个世纪六十年代，针对极少主义艺术的出现， Michael Fried （注1）提出了&物体情境&这一概念，他指出新的艺术形式&只是选择在世界中占据一处位置&，深刻剖析了艺术形式变化的终究所在。

In the opinion of Arthur Danto, the innovation of modernism artThe article regards abstraction of modernism art as the first part: the emergence of impressionism, post-impressionism, the development of modernism—it is a course of gradual abstraction; Art after Duchamp is as the second part: Duchamp and Dadaism, Surrealism, the device and Neo-Dadaism, Pope"s art, from Minimist art to idea art, New-figuration—it is a diversion of abstract art, has realized its oneself Along with Greenburgh"s impetus, and already obtained what it wanted at the beginning ------ so it has ended.

依阿瑟·丹托之见，现代主义艺术的创新随着格林伯格的推动已经实现了它自身，已经取得了它在出发伊始就想要取得的东西——所以它终结了。那么在这个&艺术已经终结&后的&后历史&、&后美学&或&后现代主义&时期，艺术需要以新的方式重新解读。

The spatial narrative structures in Calvino's fictions can be divided into three types :"the building of two worlds "is the main way in the earlier writing phase of Neorealist and Fairy tale .Dimidiation and mergence is the art feature .It signs that the sense of the world and the creative ideas of the writer start to form;"Synchrony and Juxtaposition "and "Crystal pattern "are the prominent characteristics during his Postmodernism writings phase. The writer takes the complex and diverse form of space art, such as segments、juxtaposition、defamiliarization、crystal's combination and derivatives, ect. to represent the essence of the world, and to exprsee the writer's confusion and efforts to understand and build a sense of it.

卡尔维诺小说的空间叙事结构具有阶段性，可以分为三种不同的类型：&两个世界的构建&是早期新现实主义和童话寓言创作阶段的主要方法，二分和弥合是其艺术特点，标志作家世界感和创作观念开始形成；&共时并置&和&晶体模式&则是后现代主义小说创作时期的突出特征，作家以片断、并置、陌生化、晶体组合衍生等复杂多样的空间化艺术形式来表现世界的本质以及自身理解世界、构建意义的困惑和努力。

Theatrical System of Dialectics is not only the dialectical relationship of arena element of the dialectal theater system of Brecht, art taste and society effect, and the development theory of Marxism and the drama representation or innovation, but also opening out the biased, intentional or unintentional misinterpretation and utilitarian inclination in the reception process.

这里的&辩证&不仅指向布莱希特戏剧体系内在关联，即舞台各元素之间的相互依存关系，艺术审美和社会功效的关系，以及马克思主义辩证法的发展论和戏剧艺术表现与创新的关系；而且揭橥布莱希特与我国新时期戏剧之间的比较关系，即我国接受布莱希特过程中所出现的整体与局部、理解与误读、理论与实践以及艺术追求与意识形态导向等具体情境。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。