新小说

When we study the 20~ century Chinese clan/family novel systematically, we will find that the novel text of the clan/family novel in the times of May Fourth Movement: the conflict relationship of father and son is a metaphor for our nation situation in the traditional feudal symbol order; adopts unity of oppositions in the narrative mode, rebellious son perspective and look-down perspective; in the clan/family novel text in the "seventeen years", the complot of father-son relationship covers great narrative of revolution history and comply to the narrative syntax of revolution-centered, versatile perspective and "look-up" perspective; for the clan/family novel writing, the explanation of the relationship between father and son imitated and overturn the historical narrative and set up imitation and ironic narrative mode, the perspective of "I" and observation.

对20世纪中国家族家庭小说进行系统全面的梳理，我们发现："五四"时期的家族家庭小说文本，父子关系的对立隐喻着传统封建象征秩序下的民族遭际，采用二元对立的叙事模式及家族逆子视角与"俯视"视点；"十七年"时期的家族家庭小说文本，父子关系的共谋谱写着宏大叙事遮蔽下的革命历史，恪守以阶级斗争为中心的叙事语法及全知全能视角与"仰视"视点：新时期以降的家族家庭小说创作，父子关系的解构书写着戏仿与颠覆的历史叙事，创立戏拟与反讽的叙事模式及第一人称"我"的视角与"平视"视点。

In part I, after a brief historical study of the writings of new immigrants, we know the writings usually become a narration of experiences, which appears to be either popular fictions of American Dream, or private novels which concern with oneself only. Different from them, Yan"s novels show her quest for the common humanity, and insistently concerning of the living condition of the inferiors, which is absent in the writings of new immigrants. In this aspect, Yan"s novels break into a new field.

上篇通过对新移民写作简单的历史性追述，讨论由于新移民写作的体验性，它往往流于经验性的描述，不是写成"美国梦"的通俗小说，就是躲进小楼只关注内心世界的私小说，而严歌苓则以一个来自第三世界的女性知识分子的独特视角观照普遍人性，坚守对弱者生存的书写，弥补了新移民写作中漠视人文关怀的缺陷，其写作具有重大突破。

Due to late-Qing fiction theorist"s strong advocacy and fictionist"s active writing and translating, late-Qing traditional fiction concept gradually evolved into modern one. There were all sorts of fiction types. And new types of fiction constantly sprang up.

由于晚清小说理论家的大力倡导和小说家的积极创作与翻译，晚清的小说观念逐渐由传统向现代嬗变，小说类型比较完备，新的小说类型不断涌现。

The ancient kin-novels deeply influence the composition of modern novelists in many aspects: the kin identity of authors, genre selection, focusable object, narrative strategy, narrative structure, arrangement method, art spirit, tragedy spirit and so on. While modern kin-novels, on the basis of absorbing the tradition, develop the ancient kin-novels in the following aspects: enlarging the component of characters, continuity of character\'s fate, change of the end and the exploration of character\'s psychology and the variation of images and so on. The kin novels with familiar genre whether it is ancient or modern, will appear special stipulation that is resemble and matchable with kin-genre. This Paper mainly analyses it in three aspects of components of family characters, mode of kin-novel\'s declination and nation-home integrated net narration.

作为相同题材选择的家族小说，无论古代还是现代，都会出现与家族题材相匹配的某些共同点，本文主要从家族人物的构成模式、家族小说的衰亡模式、家国一体的网状叙事等三个方面对此展开分析研究；古代家族小说从题材选择、聚焦对象、叙事策略、叙事结构、绾结方式、艺术神韵、悲剧精神等多个方面对现代作家的创作造成深刻的影响：而现代家族小说在继承传统的同时，还从人物构成的渐趋丰满、人物命运在新的时代背景下的延续发展、小说结局的改变、人物心理探索的深刻和自觉、意象的变幻多姿等方面对古代家族小说进行了现代意义上的发展和演进。

As for me,this is a novel of crime, a novel of love, a novel of duplicity, a novel of faithfulness, a novel of punishment, a novel of forgiveness, a novel of stupidness, a novel of intelligence, a novel of behavior, a novel of words

就我而言，这是一个犯罪小说，爱情小说，小说的口是心非，一个忠诚的小说，一种惩罚，一个新的宽恕，一个笨小说，小说的情报小说，小说的行为，一个字小说

This paper generalizes the subject pattern of the New Sense Novels as anxiousness whoopla sentiment through inspecting the background , analyzing the author s Psy chology and interpreting the text from a new angle and thinks that this pattern has made New Sense Novels more accurate in finding the modem sense of novel than other literature schools .

新感觉派小说的主题模式为"焦虑-狂欢-感伤"，这一主题模式的凸现，使新感觉派小说较之同时代的文学流派，更准确地找到了小说在现代意义上的新感觉。

The deep going change of historical and cultural environment in the nineties has led to the disparity about writing pattern of life consciousness and the transformation of theme state, so has brought about the transformation of humanity writing. The new historism novels have begun writing many kinds of life form in made-up historical space, and have deducted complicated humanity sceneries, which include violence, evil, misery, degradation, etc; The private novels have paid attention to experience of female life itself, and has displayed particular life pattern of women; The new state novels have manifested revelry and anxiety of the 搉ew? human beings in metropolis, displaying objectified existing state; Novels in the realism shock have regarded heroes as ordinary people, revealing awkward life state.

九十车代历史文化语境的深刻变化导致了生命意识书写方式的差异和主题形态的嬗变，从而带来了人性书写的改观：新历史主义小说在虚构的历史空间中展开对多样生命形式的书写，演绎出暴力、罪恶、苦难、沉沦相交织的人性景观；私小说则关注女性生命本体的体验，展现了女性特有生命姿态；新状态小说注重表现都市新人类的生命狂欢与焦灼，展示了物化的生存状态；现实主义冲击波小说则完成了改革英雄到普通人的转换，揭示了尴尬的生命形态。

The part of introduction gives a systemic exploring into irony from ancient time till now.On the basis of this,it demarcates irony has three aspects concept——language irony,narrative irony,sein irony——along with a style of post-modernity,and then introduces the words of irony that appear in China.

本文以对反讽理论的细致辨析为基础，通过广泛而深入地解读小说文本，探讨了反讽艺术在中国新时期小说中的在场状况、理论价值和历史意义，由此揭示了新时期小说创作的某些规律，并对反讽理论也进行了修正和完善。

The study thus refines the inner features of the other schools in New Times to mirror its native time thrust in the New-history Novels.

正因为这样的偏差，使人们更有必要关注新历史小说的本土精神资源，因此在这章接下来的部分，是通过对新时期其他小说流派中的精神特质等的提炼来反映新历史小说的本土时代精神资源的。

From the angle of "British Gothic novel tradition", based on the examples of classicGothic novels such as The Mysteries of Udolpho, The Italian, The Monk, this articleaims to summarize the essential elements of Gothic novels in the aspects of scene,plot, theme and character, so to establish a new view and interpretation of the"children's novel"Harry Potter. It also analyses the novel's role in inheriting andinnovating Gothic novels'traditions and values, and the cultural significance of itsoverwhelming popularity at the beginning of the new millennium.

本文选取&英国哥特体小说传统&这一角度，以被誉为哥特小说经典之作的《奥多芙的神秘》、《意大利人》、《僧侣》为例，总结了英国传统哥特小说在场景、情节、主题和人物等方面的要素，并由此重新解读惯常被称为&儿童小说&的《哈利·波特》，分析它对哥特小说传统的继承和在新时代背景下的创新，以及其在世纪之交风靡全球的文化意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。