新

A C-C bond type radical initiator i.e. 1,1,2,2-tetraphenyl-1,2-ethanediol and a S-S bond type thermal iniferter, i.e., tetraethyl thiuram disulfide were used to consist of new reverse ATRP initiation systems TPED/FeCl3/PPh3 and TD/FeCl3/PPh3, respectively."Living"/controlled polymerizations of a polar monomer MMA and a non-polar monomer St were investigated with the initiation systems as well as other new initiation systems; behavior of vinyl polymerization with a new asymmetrical C-C bond type thermal monomeric iniferter was studied also.

前者选用C-C键型的自由基聚合引发剂1，1，2，2-四苯基-1，2-乙二醇、S-S键型的热iniferter二硫化四乙基秋兰姆组成新引发体系TPED/FeCl3/PPh3、TD/FeCl3/PPh3，研究这些引发体系引发MMA、 St聚合的&活性&/控制聚合行为，同时研究一些其他新引发体系；后者合成了一种新的非对称C-C键型热引发转移终止剂，并研究其自由基聚合规律。

At the same time timelily specific aim ground undertakes adding the operation such as elite to the card of new user, one kind also be pair of new users is approbated with drive, be helpful for forum new user to faithful user change.

同时适时地有针对性地对新用户的帖子进行加精华等操作，也是对新用户的一种认可与激励，有利于论坛新用户向忠实用户的转化。

The socialist countries have accumulated some rich experiences in the course of their development along with advancahility and tortuosity, which is the precious wealth for socialist countries to develop soundly in the 21st centun .

进入新世纪，知识经济、全球化及当代资本主义的新变化构成了21世纪社会主义存在与发展的外在环境，给社会主义的发展赋予了新的机遇和挑战，从而不可避免地对社会主义运动产生重大影响。

Through the age analysis on apatite and zircon fission track, there have five stages of tectonic movements, respectively occurred in late Trias, from mid-late period in early Cretaceous to late Cretaceous, Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene.

通过对盆地内磷灰石和锆石年龄分析，焉耆盆地存在5期构造运动：晚三叠世、早白垩世中晚期-晚白垩世、始新世、渐新世和中新世。

This method is tectonic on foundation of nuclear function theory special and linear space, each issue of rank nucleus of progression of the Volterra that seek solution changeover uses output observation vector to be in to beg Xierbaite the some in the space child the umbriferous problem on the space, make originally complex, hard calculative is nonlinear in the approachs a problem to be built in place compose linear space of Volterra progression of the system solve ably with the means that accumulates inside vector, gave out specific algorithm.

该方法在核函数理论基础上构造非凡线性空间，将求解Volterra级数的各阶核的新问题转换为求用输出观测向量在希尔伯特空间中某一子空间上的投影新问题，使原本复杂、难以计算的非线性系统的Volterra级数的逼近新问题在所构建的线性空间中巧妙地以向量内积的方式解决，并给出了具体算法。

The blood gas and electrolytes from IVC and SVC were measured before operation (T0), 5 min before cross-clamping of the portal vein (T1), 5 min before unclamped of portal vein (T2), 15 min (T3) and 30 min (T4) in neohepatic phase.

于开腹前(T0)、无肝期前5min(T1)、新肝开放前5min(T2)、新肝期15min(T3)、新肝期30min(T4)，分别从右颈内静脉、右股静脉导管抽取上、下腔静脉血，进行血气、电解质分析。

It was important for us that the solution be uncontroversially free so that other distributions might adopt it; many had already rejected these for GPL incompatibility reasons.

对於自由软体社群而言、新的软体专案的性质可否被验证为具有「高度软体自由性」一事非常重要，若是限制过多或是条款内容过於繁复新颖，则软体社群取用的机率就大为降低(另一方面来看、对这个新专案进行除错增补的机率也是大为降低)，是以很多情形下、某些新的自由软体专案不为自由软体社群所接纳采用，最大的原因并非其程式编写技术粗略，而很可能是因为其与GPL授权条款无法相容而根本上就被大多数的自由软体开发者拒绝取用。

Merc's massive GL-Class now features a redesigned chrome underguard at the front and rear, a new front grille, new chrome tailpipes, updated bumpers and a menu of new alloy wheels measuring between 18 and 21 inches.

交易所的大规模的GL - Class现在采用了重新设计的镀铬underguard的前部和后部一种新的前格栅，新的镀铬排气管，保险杠和更新菜单的新的合金轮毂测量18至21英寸。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Ilove this word so much ,I know I am proving all the time ,but I can not do well.08year is coming rapidly ,New trying ,New think about ,more ,The gun is newly .To be forget myself .moreover, I will make a heatedly fight myself ,to be so unsmoked battle that fill bloody anywhere ,and the poverly valley pile with deadwood, no one like to lay here a minute ,surely ,want to stop here myself indeed ,if that want to leave to hell ,now ,keep walking

这句话自己是特别的喜欢，而喜欢却没有做到。08年来了，新的征程，新的思维，甚至连枪都是新的，忽略自己的存在，甚至与自己产生一轮撕杀，让这无烟的战场到处弥漫着血腥，让这贫瘠的山谷堆满骸骨，没人愿意留在这片刻，所以现在，不停歇的向前走，当然也有想留在这的人，那是因为想要到天堂要付出很多很多艰辛：）I KNOW I CAN

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。