斯多葛哲学

Doctrinally, however, it seems that Stoics are nowhere. Though it is true that hints of Stoicism can be discerned in various areas of scholastic thought, none more so than scholastic logic, close scrutiny of these apparent similarities usually reveals differences on important matters of detail. Since the details matter when it comes to doctrinal affinity, Ebbesen concludes that Stoics were not important on this level.

但从学说的角度看，斯多葛主义似乎没有产生影响，尽管在经院哲学的不同领域确实可以找到斯多葛主义的蛛丝马迹，但除了经验哲学的逻辑外，只要对那些具有明显相似处进行仔细的考察，我们一般就能发现许多细节上的重要区别，由于这些细节在学说的自洽上具有举足轻重的地位，因此Sten Ebbesen得出结论：斯多葛主义在这个层面上并不重要。

There is a double-entendre in the title of Richard Sorabji's "Stoic First Movements in Christianity": first, it picks up the Stoic concept of the "pre-emotion" or "first movement"; second, it refers to the impact of that concept on the earliest centuries of the Christian church.

Richard Sorabji的文章名为《基督家中的第一次斯多葛运动》，这一标题内涵玄机，一方面它指斯多葛哲学中的前情感或情感的最初运动，一方面也指这一概念对最初的基督教会的影响。

Stoicism , school of philosophy, founded in ancient Greece, opposed to Epicureanism in its views of life and duty.

斯多葛哲学，创立于古希腊，对生命和责任的看法和伊壁鸠鲁学说完全相反。

The old man, continuing to weaken, bore both pain and priest with gallant stoicism.

年迈的国王，一直很虚弱，用他英勇的斯多葛哲学忍受着身体的病痛和神父的折腾。

It is the same case with the qualities of themind. The ancient stoics were of opinion, that as the world wasgoverned by the all-ruling providence of a wise, powerful, andgood God, every single event ought to be regarded, as making anecessary part of the plan of the universe, and as tending tovices and follies of mankind, therefore, made as necessary a partof this plan as their wisdom or their virtue; and by that eternalart which educes good from ill, were made to tend equally to theprosperity and perfection of the great system of nature.

古代斯多葛哲学派认为，世界被一位聪明绝顶、威力无穷、慈悲为怀的神灵，以一种全天候统治的天意所管制，每一件事都应被视为宇宙计划不可或缺的一部分，而且旨在促进整个世界的总体秩序与幸福：人类的愚昧与罪过，就像聪明与美德一样，也必然会被安排成为这一计划的一部分；凭借从邪恶中引发美好的永久性技艺，促进自然界伟大的体系之繁荣与完美。

God as the world-creating entity is personalised in Christian thought but Stoicism equates God with the totality of the universe.

两种哲学之间的主要差别是，斯多葛哲学是泛神论的，上帝从来不是完全超凡的而是总是内在的。

The Stoic philosophy was developed from that of the Cynics, whose Greek founder, Antisthenes, had been a disciple of Socrates.

斯多葛哲学由犬儒哲学演变而来，其希腊创始者Antisthenes，曾经是苏格拉底的门徒。

The four cardinal virtues of the Stoic philosophy are wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance, a classification derived from the teachings of Plato.

斯多葛哲学的四种根本美德是智慧、勇气、正义和节制，这种分类来自柏拉图学说。

Stoicism influenced Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy, which was highly influential in the Middle Ages in its promotion of Christian morality via secular philosophy.

斯多葛哲学影响了波伊丢斯的《哲学的慰藉》，这部书在中世纪在弘扬基督教道德反对世俗哲学中非常有影响。

Stoicism 斯多葛学派 Stoicism was a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early third century B.C.

斯多葛学派是由西提姆的芝诺在公元前3世纪早期建立的一个希腊哲学学派。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！