断层作用

Anticipation of future surface faulting involves questions of whether, where, how much, what kind , and when

未来地表断层作用的预测包括断层是否存在、在何处、有多少、具有什么性质，何时产生等问题。

Finally, the controlling role of structure to sedimentary was analyzed. It is showing that time-transgressive different structural zone developed different sedimentary system; the thickness of sedimentary formation and lithic facies were different on the simultaneous lateral layer of growth fault; the expansive orientation of sedimentary system was controlled by the strike of fault; the sedimentary system developed differently became of the tectonic activity was differently; step thrust slip fault can built-up multistage fault fans.

最后分析构造对沉积的控制作用，主要表现在：不同时期不同的构造带发育不同的沉积体系；生长断层造成断层两侧同期地层沉积厚度与岩相的明显差异；断层的走向控制沉积体系的展布方向；构造活动导致沉积体系的发育有显著的差异；阶梯式逆冲断层可形成多级断崖扇。

The reverse fault occurring the slope break area of primary fault was formed as a result of inversion of normal fault in extension; c.

主控断层坡折带处的逆断层是在伸展作用下由正断层倒转形成的；c。

The model holds that the Aqike anticline was formed by both fault-propagation fold process and fault-bend fold process. It is a fault-anticline structure formed by three stages and composed vertically of three parts, i.e., autoch-thonous system, para-autochthonous system, and allochthonous thrust block.

结合地震解释剖面、区域构造背景及前人研究成果，建立了阿其克背斜形成过程的地质模型，认为它是在断层传播褶皱和断层转折褶皱共同作用下，以断层传播作用为主分3个阶段形成的断坡背斜构造，垂向上自下而上分原地系统、准原地系统和外来系统中的推覆体3个构造层次。

When the fault throw is relatively small, the shale gouge ratio and clay smear potential are relatively large and shale smear is strong. In addition, the coal layers on both sides of the fault are mainly juxtaposed against shale. Therefore, shale smear and juxtaposition play a key role in the sealing. In contrast, when the fault throw is relatively large and shale smear is relatively weak, juxtaposition is unfavorable for sealing. However, the mylonite resulted from strong cataclasis can act as a seal of the coals. The cementation resulted from underground water activity is of great significance to the sealing ability of the fault. Mylonitic coal layers resulted from faulting occur on both sides of the fault. They are unique reservoirs with low permeability and high displacement pressure and their scales depend, to some extent, on the fault throw, fault properties, the hanging wall and footwall.

结果表明：①当断层落差较小时，断层泥比率和泥岩涂抹潜势值较大，泥岩涂抹效应强烈，且与断层两侧煤层对接的岩石主要为泥岩类，此时起封闭作用的主要为泥岩涂抹作用和断层两侧岩性配置关系；②当断层落差较大，泥岩涂抹作用较弱时，对接越不利于封闭形成，但碎裂作用强烈，沿断层两侧形成的糜棱岩对煤层起到了封闭作用；③地下水活动导致的胶结作用对整个断层的封闭具有重要的意义；④断裂作用形成的糜棱煤沿断层两侧分布，此糜棱煤带是一种低渗透、高排替压力的特殊储层，其规模与断层的落差、性质、上下盘都有一定关系。

According to the data in the exploration and development of coal, petroleum and coalbed methane, and based on an analysis of the growth history of the Sitou fault, its sealing mechanisms are studied in respect of juxtaposition, clay smear, cataclasis, and cementation.

根据煤、油气、煤层气勘探开发资料，在分析寺头断层发育史的基础上，从断层两侧岩性配置、泥岩涂抹效应，颗粒碎裂作用、胶结作用等方面对寺头断层的封闭机理进行了研究。

Frictional experiments using a self-designed "multifunction servo friction and abrasion experiment machine" with the multi-parameter synchronous data collection system and online data processing software have been made on six types of rocks. The analyses of the experiments results indicate that earthquake faults with large displacement bring up a series of products continually changing from cataclasis to melting. The rocks contained mafic minerals are easier to melt and the gas bubbles in melting products proved the hydroxy water from the minerals has participated the rock melting process and decreased the melting point of the rock. Frictional melting is more sensitive to speed than normal stress. The temperature sharply increases at about 40℃/sec when the sample enters the earthquake fault state. While the melting happens, torsion decreases instantly and there is perhaps a "blind region" of normal stress.

利用自行设计加工的&多功能伺服摩擦磨损实验机&，及多参数同步数据采集系统和联机数据处理软件，对六类岩石进行的实验和分析成果表明：大位移地震断层作用形成了与滑动速率有关的从碎裂到熔融连续变化的系列产物；含镁铁质矿物的岩石更容易熔融，熔融产物中出现的气泡证实了矿物羟基水很可能参与了岩石的熔融过程并降低岩石熔点；相对于正应力而言摩擦熔融程度对速度变化更加敏感；此外，进入地震断层状态时温度急剧上升达～40℃/秒；伴随熔融发生出现扭矩骤减时，可能存在一个短暂的正应力&盲区&。

But can't resist the bigger perpetual surface deformation caused by fault and surface damage

坚固而有韧性的钢管道一般能经受住地震动的考验，但不能抵御断层作用和地面破坏所产生的较大的永久地面位移。

A quantitative heat-producing model of faulting was constructed proceeding from the basin stress state analysis and from the viewpoint of frictional heat production.

中文摘要：从盆地的应力状态分析入手，从断层摩擦生热的角度，建立了断层作用生热的定量模型。

The earthquake occurred as the result of motion on a northeast striking reverse fault or thrust fault on the northwestern margin of the Sichuan Basin.

此次地震是四川盆地东北部逆向断层发生碰撞或西北部边缘地区逆冲断层作用的结果。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。