断层上盘

The complex structure distortion of this area is caused by compound function of hanging wall distortion of normal fault and non-homogeneous extension of flexible basement rock.

本区的复杂构造变形是正断层上盘变形和柔性基底不均匀伸展的复合作用结果。

If the relative movement of hanging wall and footwall is parallel to the strike of fault plane, it is a strike slip fault.

如果断层上盘和下盘的岩石相对位移运动是平行断层面走向的，这种断层称为走滑断层。

In structural geology the relative movement of the banging wait and footwall is a major factor to classify various faults .

在构造地质学中，断层上盘和下盘的相对位移运动特征是划分各种类型断层的一个主要因素。

So the fault on the cliff is a reverse fault because the red rock layer in the hang in g wall has moved up relative to that in the footwall.

这样看来，发育在悬崖上岩层中的那条断层就是一逆断层了，因为上盘的红色岩层相对于下盘的红色岩层发生了沿断层面向上位移的运动。

For example, a normal fault is one which the hanging wall moves directly down the dip relative to the footwall and a reverse fault is one which the hanging wall goes directly up relative to the footwall.

例如，上盘岩石相对于下盘岩石向断面倾向下滑的断层命名为正断层，逆断层的上盘岩石相对于下盘岩石沿断面向上直冲。

The Taichung Domain was moving northwestwards before the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: in the footwall of Chelungpu Fault the slip rate was ~10 mm/yr, while in the hanging wall the rate increased eastwards up to 10-30 mm/yr. Two years prior to the earthquake, in the footwall of Changhua Fault the deformation direction changed from WNW to almost due N, and velocity gradient changed from increasing northwards to increasing eastwards, suggesting possible precursor of a large earthquake.

中部地区在集集地震前大致向西北方向位移，车笼埔断层下盘位移速率约在10 mm/yr左右，断层上盘往东侧逐渐增大，在10~30 mm/yr之间；集集地震发生前2年，彰化断层下盘的位移方向由西北西转为偏北的位移型态，位移速度则由南向北增大，转为由西向东增大的趋势；即位移方向与位移速度有明显的改变，可能为地震前兆的相关资讯。

As for coseismic deformation of Chi-Chi earthquake, the footwall of Chelungpu Fault moved southeastwards 0.3-1.5 m, and the value was increasing toward the fault; the hanging wall moved northwestwards 1.4-7.0 m, but the value was smaller south of the Choshui River. After the Chi-Chi earthquake, the hanging wall of Chelungpu Fault was still moving west-northwestwards and kept uplifting, while the footwall gradually changed direction from ESE to WSW or even WNW, clockwise resuming to inter-seismic deformation pattern. It is interesting to notice that despite the largest coseismic deformation in the northernmost segment of Chelungpu Fault, the post-seismic deformation peaked around the epicenter of Chi-Chi earthquake.

集集地震之同震变形，在车笼埔断层下盘向东南方向位移0.30~1.5 m，且越靠近断层位移量越大；车笼埔断层上盘则向西北方向大幅位移约1.4~7.0 m，浊水溪以南的位移量较小；集集地震以后之震后变形型态，以车笼埔断层为分界，上盘在震后向西北西方向位移的型态仍与同震时相同，下盘由同震时一致性的向东南东方向，逐步向西北西或西南西方向位移，亦即在车笼埔断层下盘有逐步依顺时针方向回归至震间的滑移型态；另就位移速率而言，虽然同震变形最大地区在车笼埔断层北端，但其震后的变形量最大地区，却集中於震央位置附近；就地震循环而言，震后的6年期间仍处於地层压密重整阶段，尚未回归至该区震间阶段的位移状态。

A series of basementinvolved thrust with highangle dipping to southern Tianshan dominate the contractional deformation in the basement. A miniscale imbricate wedge thrust system was developed in the footwall of basementinvolved thrust with a highangle dip, and a basementcored faultedanticline was developed in the hanging wall.

深层断裂变形以向山脉倾斜的高角度基底卷入逆冲断层为主干断层，断层上盘形成冲断隆起，次级断层相对较少，下盘则发育一系列同向倾斜的次级逆冲断层构成楔状叠瓦冲断构造。

With the compressional stress increasing,the dip-slip motion in listric fault system could successively generate reverse-"fish-fork-shaped" structure,hanging wall interpenetration thrust,footwall shortcut thrust,"backward broken" footwall shortcut thrust imbricated fan,"backward broken interpenetration" thrust,.

随着压应力递增，铲式断层系统中的倾向滑动可渐次形成反转-&鱼叉&状构造、上盘交截冲断层、下盘捷径冲断层、&向后破裂&下盘捷径冲断层叠瓦扇、&向后破裂交截&冲断层、向前破裂后冲断层叠瓦扇、后冲断层与下盘捷径冲断层扇形构造和脊部塌陷&上突&构造等。

The discovery of a series of sub-thrust fault which is on the top of main thrust fault solve the problem of structure relationship of many wells of pre-Cambrian. And then our interpretation work is aimed to distribution, formation time and formation mechanism of buried hill fault. In according to the characteristics of main fault, enrichment characteristics of oil and gas and so on, we re-divide the blocks of buried hill. New blocks are better for the distribution of oil and gas.

主逆断层上盘的系列次级逆断层的发现，较好地解决了前寒武系多口井的构造关系；在此基础上解释工作针对潜山断裂的分布特征、形成期次、形成机制进行研究，根据主要断层特征、油气富集特点等对潜山进行重新分区，新分区更有利于研究潜山油气的分布特征。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。