斜方肌

Results: The PINOF crossed the anterior midline of the radial head and then descended laterally. The site of it entering the supinator was about (13.8±4.2)mm below the superior edge of radius with the distance of (3.2±1.1)mm from the anterior midline of radius. After entering supinator tunnel under the Frohse, s arcade, the PINOF passed between superficial and profound part of supinator. It passed the lateral midline of radius below the superior edge of radius about (42.6±6.5)mm, the posterior plane below the superior edge of radius about (63.4±7.6)mm.

结果：骨间后神经越过桡骨头上缘前方中线稍偏外斜向外下方走行，距桡骨头上缘(13.8±4.2)mm、桡骨前方中线外侧(32±1.1)mm处经旋后肌腱弓深方入旋后肌管，走行于旋后肌深浅两层之间，在桡骨头上缘下方(42.6±6.5)mm越过桡骨外侧中线，在桡骨头上缘下方(63.4±7.6)mm越过桡骨后平面。

PURPOSE: To assess the reliability and usefulness of the trapezius osteomyocutaneous island flap for reconstructing hemimandibular and oral soft tissue defects.

目的：评价斜方肌骨肌皮瓣修复口腔软组织和半侧下颌骨切除术后缺损的可靠性。

We also measure the distance and section of some muscles for example, psoas major muscle, quadratus lumborum, erector spinae olbique, internal abdominal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis.

运用横截面积肌力计算法，测量尸体腰椎周围肌肉：腰大肌、腰方肌、竖脊肌、腹内外斜肌、腹横肌的解剖横断面积，及其与腰段脊柱纵轴的中心距数值，求得力矩值。

Outcomes in patients with suprascapular nerve as recipient was significantly better than that in patients with axillary nerve as recipient, So the suprascapular nerve should be selected as the best choice of recipient; And functional deficit occured in upper, middle and lower portions of trapezius after the traditional spinal accessory nerve transfer.

副神经移位治疗臂丛神经损伤恢复肩关节外展功能，修复肩胛上神经的疗效优于修复腋神经，应把移位修复肩胛上神经作为首选；传统锁骨上前入路手术后斜方肌各部功能有明显下降。

Results Followed-up for 25~37 months (average 27.5 months), the fisrt signs of reinnerveation of suprascapular nerve appeared at 5~12 months,average 9.94±3.26 months,that of axillary nerve appeared at 9~15months, average12.60±3.08 months;The results in patients with suprascapular nerve as recipient(upper partial 57.08±21.16°, total 40.71±14.27°) were significantly better than that in patients with axillary nerve as recipient(upper partial 31.25±20.97°, total 18.75±7.50°). And the muscular function in upper, middle and lower portions of trapezius are affected due to nerve transfer.

结果 随访25~37个月(平均27.5个月)，来院随访18例；副神经移位修复肩胛上神经术后功能恢复征象最早出现在5~12个月，平均9.94±3.26个月，修复腋神经最早出现在9~15个月，平均12.60±3.08个月；修复肩胛上神经肩外展恢复结果(上臂丛神经损伤57.08±21.16°，全臂丛损伤40.71±14.27°)优于修复腋神经的恢复结果(上臂丛神经损伤31.25±20.97°，全臂丛损伤18.75±7.50°)，P.05；副神经移位后斜方肌各部功能丧失明显。

Results The trapezius muscle was innervated by the spinal accessory nerve and some of the anterior rami of the cervical plexus.

结果 斜方肌的神经支配来源于副神经占 10 0 %；来源于 C2～ 4神经根及 C5 神经根，分别占 10 0 %、45 %。

While the reach pattern is being performed,the scapula protracts and rotates upward by the combination actions of the serratus anterior andupper and lower trapezius muscles.

当伸手动作展开时，前肋骨侧边的肌肉及上下颈部斜方肌会同时收缩使肩胛拉开向上，而旋转环膜会让肱骨呈外旋的姿势，并使得肱骨头置入关节窝。

Results The pain spots were commonly located at the superior angle and medial border of scapula,and the transitional zone between neck and shoulder in trapezius. After 1 to 5 blockings of these pain spots,90.27%（946/1048）patients with cervical syndrome achieved a satisfactory efficacy.

结果 发现位于肩胛骨上角、肩胛骨内侧缘、斜方肌颈肩移行处 3 位置的压痛点出现机率最高，行压痛点阻滞1～5次后，本组1048例颈椎病患者有90.27%获得优良的治疗效果。

Obliquus abdominis - commonly known as the obliques, this muscle runs diagonally along the side of the mid-section from the lower ribcage to the pubic area.

腹斜肌-即俗称的侧面，这肌肉运行沿斜方中期部分，从下胸腔的阴部。

Part OneA Clinical and Comparative Study on the Choice of Recipient Nerve of the Spinal Accessory Nerve Transfer for Restoration of Shoulder Abduction in Brachial Plexus InjuryObjective To explore the best choice of recipient nerve for spinal accessory nerve transfer for restoration of the shoulder abduction in brachial plexus injury. And, to observe the affection of the trapezius function after operation.

第一部分副神经移位治疗臂丛损伤恢复肩外展功能受区神经选择的临床比较研究目的探讨副神经移位恢复肩关节外展功能最佳受区神经的选择，并同时了解传统锁骨上前入路副神经移位术后斜方肌各部功能的变化。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。