斗争

Most black leaders are now committed to militancy short of violence.

大部分黑人领导人现在都致力于较少暴力争斗的斗争。

Despite the fact that his colleagues objected, the professor was immediately given into the militiaman's care and then sent to his village which "struggled against" him for some previous wrongdoing.

尽管教授的同事们表示反对，他还是立刻被交给这位民兵带走了。教授被带到村里，因过去犯的一些错误受到"斗争"。

Traffic: The Miniseries, the nice movie, shows a life-and-death struggle for most secret agents on America's borders.

交通： 小型的电视连续剧，是部好的电影，揭示了在美国的边境上大多数特工人员生死攸关的斗争。

1St Week: A general introduction to the nature and contents of the course; an investigation of students' acquired knowledge of literature in general; a brief introduction to African-American literature 2nd and 3rd Weeks: Rediscovering an Invisible Culture (Why Black culture had been unknown and unobserved for several decades; how it came to be rediscovered ) 4th to 6th Weeks: Double Consciousness (the marginal perspective in Language, Oral Culture, Folklore and Religion); Reading representative works by three Black writers of racial consciousness: Douglass, Washington and Bu Bois 7th to 9th Weeks: Minstrelsy (Imitation, Parody and Travesty in Black-White interaction rituals 1830--1920); Reading the novel about the Black life: Uncle Tom's Cabin 10th to 12th Weeks: Social Mobility and Cultural Stigma: The case of Chicago Jazz 1920--1930; Reading poems by Hughes and novels by Wright 13th to 15th Weeks: Oral Tradition and the Quest for Literacy: The crisis of Black writers from Philips Wheatley to Ralph Ellison; Reading the masterpiece of Ellison 16th to 18th Weeks: Contemporary Afro-American Culture: the sixties and seventies (efforts on reconstructing the Black identiy and Black history); Reading novels by Morrison

第1周：介绍课程性质、内容，了解学生相关文学背景，简要概括黑人文学历史第2-3周：再现黑人文化（黑人文化长期被掩盖的事实和原因，重新被发现的原因和过程）第4-6周：双重意识（语言、吟唱文学、民俗民谣、宗教的边缘化），阅读黑人种族意识三代伟大启蒙家道格拉斯、华盛顿、杜波伊斯的代表作第7-9周：吟游文学（黑人与白人的文化互动过程中的模仿、戏仿、曲仿），阅读第一部反映黑人生活的小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》第10-12周：社会动荡与文化耻辱（芝加哥爵士乐的兴起、流行和影响），阅读休斯和赖特的代表作第13-15周：口头文学传统与争取教育权利的斗争（从惠特利到埃里森的黑人作家危机），阅读拉尔夫·埃里森的代表作第16-18周：六、七十年代以来的美国黑人文化（重建身份和重建历史的努力），阅读莫里森的代表作每位参加该课程学习的学生均须严格出勤，按时完成学读任务，每学期主持两次小型（10分钟）学术报告，第一次针对老师推荐的作家作品做一个专题报告，第二次针对自己的学期研究计划做一个选题前瞻性和可行性报告。

Business footholds can soon become political bridgeheads, which coupled with weak politics creates a vulnerability to Russian influence-peddling and mischief-making.

这些公司很容易成为政治斗争的桥头堡，再加上东欧政府偏弱，就更加难敌俄罗斯渗透与分化。

The sinking of the Maine did not matter nearly so much to him as the native Cubans,"struggling for freedom and deliverance from the worst misgovernment of which I ever had knowledge".

缅因号的沉没对他和古巴人而言都无所谓，"为自由而斗争，摆脱残酷暴政"。

Thus the respected historian Thomas Bailey explained in 1948 that "Because the masses are notoriously short-sighted and generally cannot see danger until it is at their throats, our statesmen are forced to deceive them into an awareness of their own long-run interests," a view recently endorsed by the director of Harvard University's Center of International Affairs, Samuel Huntington, who wrote in 1981 that you may have to sell in such a way as to create the misimpression that it is the Soviet Union that you are fighting.

因此，著名的历史学家托马斯·贝利在1948年说道："由于大众的鼠目寸光已臭名昭著，往往大祸临头才有所察觉，我们的政治家被迫欺骗他们去意识到他们的长远利益受到了威胁。"这个观点在最近得到了哈佛大学国际事务中心主任塞谬尔·亨廷顿的支持，此公在1981年曾写道：（武力干涉或其他军事行动的宣传）必须要给人留下这样错误的印象——你是在和苏联斗争。

My peace of mind is much more valuable to me, and if something or somebody threatens it, I simply follow the advice Mr Miyagi gave when asked how to win a fight:"No be there"!

我安心更宝贵的给我，如果某事或某人威胁，我只要按照他的意见了宫城当被问及如何取胜的斗争："不存在"！

Set in medieval Japan, Miyazaki's original story envisions a struggle between nature and man.

在中世纪的集日，宫崎的故事，原来设想一个人与自然的斗争。

The Chinese youth are playing an important part in the struggle to modernize their country.

中国青年在为国家现代化的斗争中起着重要作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。