文明社会

It is a theory which, though nursed into importance by political passions, derived all its sap from the speculations of lawyers. True it certainly is that the famous Englishmen, for whom it had first had attraction, valued it chiefly for its political serviceableness, but, as I shall presently attempt to explain, they would never have arrived at it, if politicians had not long conducted their controversies in legal phraseology.

如果这个故事表示着著者意中的道德观念，并且是用以暴露这一世纪和上一个世纪曾受到其威胁的一种反社会异端，这诚然是无可指摘的；但如果由它而得到的推论是：一个社会在允约和合意上如果没有给予一种神圣性，而这种神圣性与一个成熟文明所给予的尊敬相类似，这个社会就不可能结合在一起，则它所含有的错误将是非常严重的，它将使我们对于法律史不能作出正确的理解。

For all these, in this refined century, to accept the rapid challenge of contemporary scientific and technological revolution. If we want to realize the ideal that to have division develop virtuously. We must take relevant measure to restructure the defect. That is to improve the female self-qualification to examine and verify the social culture field of vision and formulate the social gender rules and standards.

因此，在这个高度文明的世纪里，面对当代科技革命突飞猛进的冲击，要实现人类社会性别分工的良性化发展，就必须采取相应的措施对相关缺失问题进行建构，如提高女性自身素质、对社会文化视野的审视以及制定相应的社会性别制度和规范等。

In recent years, the adult wardship system has not been able to satisfy the needs of modern society with the trend of global aging, more complexity of modern life and development of social civilization.

近年来，随着全球人口老龄化趋势的加剧、社会生活复杂度的增加、社会文明的不断发展，成年人监护制度的原有规定已经不能适应现代社会的需要。

It s not their original modes . Whith the development of human civilization , human society has evolved from matriarchal society to patrilineal society .

从人类文明的历史进程来看，人类社会经历了由母系社会到父系社会的演变过程，神话也经历了由女神神格向男神神格演化的历程。

Such an ideology has undoubtable theoretical and social value .which has ever stimulated many people with high ideals to develop the human society.influenced the following scholars" theoretical research and the rulers" dominating thoughts .

它所内含的积极入世精神使其有别于道家的自然主义，避免了消极避世、独上小楼以成就一己的倾向，能够激发人们治国平天下的热情，使人们有志于在改造现实和实现社会进步的过程中实现自己的人生价值，有助于未知世界的探索和社会前进；它贴近人文的理论特点则使其区别于法家的势术说，弱化了政治的工具理性，而致力于终极关怀，以人为目的，关注人的生命价值和存在意义，有利于&仁&的理念全面占领社会生活，人类因此而进入道德、文明的理想世界。

Based on its own cultural characteristics, the ancient China formed a peculiar social order controlling system, such as religionary mitzvoth at individual level, family rules at clannish level, and national laws at social level.

人类之所以能够从自然界中异化出来，形成高度文明的社会，正在于他的文化创造，而文化创造是一个群体性的过程，故战国时期的荀子就已认识到，群体性乃是人类文明的基础。

The civil law is pregnant with the elements of polities civilization.and product its operation circumstances.

民法培育了政治文明系统的基本要素，提供了促进政治文明的社会动力，并创造其运行的外围环境。

However, conversely Manchu people invaded the main land of China, they built Qing Dynasty for about 300 years. After several times of invasion by the foreigners, Chinese people are still standing firmly to develop Chinese civilization from the past to today. Main reasons: The mongols did have the best-trained army in the world but they did not have social and economical policies, advanced technology and culture.

那么，对应的-------满族入关，却构建了近300年的清帝国-------中华民族历经多次的外族侵略，却仍能成就世界四大古文明中唯一得到延续发展的中华文明其主要原因是：蒙古铁骑能征善战，但蒙古人却没有先进的社会和经济运行制度，先进的科学技术(除当时世界领先的火炮技术外)和先进的文化。

PartⅡ. Dickinsons Letters from John Chinaman(also titled Letters from a Chinese official: beingan eastern view of western civilization) depicted the image of China superior to the occidentalworld in religion, social system, civilian life, art and aesthetics by contrasting Chinese andoccidental civilization. The author made use of the image of China as background to criticize Britishsociety, point out the obvious problems and latent crisis, refute the sayings in the Occident whichregarded China as yellow peril, an uncivilized nation.

第二部分。狄金逊的《约翰中国佬》(又名《中国官员来信：对西方文明的看法》)通过中西文化、文明对比的方式，塑造了在思想信仰、社会制度、民众生活、艺术审美等方面均优越于西方的乌托邦式的中国形象，以此来批判英国社会、揭示其存在的危机和弊端。

Manors in Victorian Novel have been the last silhouette of "Merrie England". They are theproper signs of the social transformation from the agricultural civilization to the industrial andcomm. The analyses of them in the context of today's globalization, will bring people to thinkabout the social transformation which is underway right now, equally

维多利亚小说中的庄园是&快乐的老英格兰&最后的剪影，是农业文明向工商业文明转型期的特有符号，在当今全球化语境下对于它的考察，将启迪未来对于今天同样巨大的社会转型期的新的思考和回顾。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。