文明世界

In this study, the concept of civilization by Huntington is generally defined and analyzed, and on this basis, the author considers and interprets Huntington's mode of civilizations clash in his own way; and three criteria for analyzing the mode of civilizations clash is advanced and the theory of composition of historical forces is brought forth for the correct understanding of world civilization course.

研究中对亨廷顿的"文明"概念做了全面的界定和分析，对亨廷顿的"文明冲突"范式做出自己的思考和解读，提出用三条标准来衡量亨廷顿的"文明冲突"范式，并指出"历史合力说"更能科学地判断世界文明史的进程。

Traditional Chinese painting is one of the representatives of Chinese fine arts.

中国和埃及都是世界文明古国，源远流长的中华文明是人类文明的重要组成部分。

Therefore, the aim of the communist civilization revolution is to remove the long-term political seal over the Chinese culture while absorbing the excellent connotations of the western culture, so that the essential ideology of the Chinese culture and the excellent ideology of the western culture interact and interfuse to gestate the new human communist civilization and build a new spiritual entity of the world communist civilization system.

因此，共产文明革命就是要在吸收西方文化优秀内涵的同时，揭开长期封贴在中华文化上的政治封条，让中华文化的精华思想与西方文化的优秀思想互动互化，共同孕育人类共产新文明，构筑共产世界文明体系的精神实体。

Alteration of Spanish tomate 西班牙语 tomate的变化 from Nahuatl tomatl 源自那瓦特语 tomatl It has been said that the real contributions to world civilization were made by the unknown inhabitants of the Americas who domesticated plants such as the potato and squash and not by the great pre-Columbian civilizations, including that of the Aztecs.

据说对世界文明真正作出贡献的并非是包括阿兹特克文明在内的哥伦布到达前的美洲文明，而是那些家庭种植土豆、南瓜等的不知名的美洲居民。

Through Toynbee's viewpoint on Chinese Civilization, on the one hand we could see that, for the sake of the existence of Western Civilization and the man, he designed a picture in which in the universal state all kinds of civilizations existed.

从汤因比晚期中国观中，一方面可以看到他为了西方文明和人类生存的需要，设计了一个在统一政权下世界各种文明相互共存、相互交融的情景；另一方面又可以看到在功利思想的影响下，他对中国文明中有些内容的评述不甚合理。

We should endeavor to preserve the diversity of civilizations in the spirit of equality and openness, and enhance intercivilization dialogue and exchanges, and join efforts in building towards a harmonious world where all civilizations coexist and accommodate each other.

应该以平等开放的精神，维护文明的多样性，加强不同文明的对话和交流，协力构建各种文明兼容并蓄的和谐世界。

As one of the four ancient countries in the world, China is widely known as one of the cradles of textile civilization in history of mankind.

4贵为世界四大文明古国之一的中国，是世界公认的人类纺织文明的发源地之一。

However, conversely Manchu people invaded the main land of China, they built Qing Dynasty for about 300 years. After several times of invasion by the foreigners, Chinese people are still standing firmly to develop Chinese civilization from the past to today. Main reasons: The mongols did have the best-trained army in the world but they did not have social and economical policies, advanced technology and culture.

那么，对应的-------满族入关，却构建了近300年的清帝国-------中华民族历经多次的外族侵略，却仍能成就世界四大古文明中唯一得到延续发展的中华文明其主要原因是：蒙古铁骑能征善战，但蒙古人却没有先进的社会和经济运行制度，先进的科学技术(除当时世界领先的火炮技术外)和先进的文化。

In rough chronological sequence, and in brief, Chang's first view on WWI was to regard it as a god-sent golden message and lesson to impel China to seek out ways and means to become a rich and powerful nation (this may be called "the key to the nation's strength and power); his second view on WWI was to regard it as an opportunity to join the world of nations with equal status and dignity (this may be called "the necessity to declare war on Germany and Austria"); his third view on WWI was to regard it as a crisis of European civilization and as a harbinger to socialist society (this may be called "the advocacy of 'socialism'"); his fourth view on WWI is contained in his book "On National Constitution" informing an attempt to collapse socialism with the chance to revive China's civilization through regeneration of Confucianism (this may be called "the future of socialism and Confucian world).

按时序先后简言之，他对欧战第一个看法是把它当做鞭策中国往富强之路之借鉴（可称之为「富国强兵」之钥）；第二个看法是把它当做中国跻身世界之林的机会（可称之为「对德、奥宣战」之必要）；第三个看法是把它当做欧洲文明危机与社会主义到来之诤言（可称之为「社会主义」之讲求）；第四个看法是在《国宪议》中把社会主义与中国文明复兴之契机连在一起（可称之为「社会主义和儒家世界」之未来）。

The twentieth-century conflict between liberal democracy and Marxist-Leninism is only a fleeting and superficial historical phenomenon compared to the continuing and deeply conflictual relation between Islam and Christianity.

在这场文明冲突中，伊斯兰教将涌现为西方世界的主要挑战，&伊斯兰教与基督教的关系，东正教与西方世界的关系，都将是激烈的，而各个文明之间也互为敌友。20世纪自由民主与马克思列宁主义的冲突，比起持续深远的伊斯兰教和基督教的矛盾争执，仅会是短暂肤浅的历史一瞥。&

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。