文学作品

While I confess I prefer literature, either original or translated, I was struck by the density of the theoretical prose, with its thickets of jargon and redundant circumlocution, far indeed from the work of actual literary translation.

虽然我承认自己喜爱文学胜过理论，无论是本国的文学作品还是翻译的文学作品我都喜欢，我还是震惊于这些理论文章的晦涩难懂。这些文章中充斥着层层叠叠的术语和冗繁迂回的说辞，与实际的文学翻译作品相差甚远。

The aim of this research is to understand the historical background in Kohminka movement and its process of the related policy. From the record of literature during Kohminka Period, the despondence and attitude about Kohminka policy will be explored in literature and that will show the authentic relationship more between them. Furthermore, the truth of history will be constructed on objective and subjective aspects.

摘要 本研究的目的，旨在了解皇民化运动的历史背景及其政策的施行过程，从文学作品对於皇民化时期的纪录，了解当时文学作品对皇民化政策的回应及态度，并探究皇民化政策与文学作品之间的辩证关系，以客观面与主观面建构历史的真相。

According to Liu Xie, there is unchangeableness in changes of literary forms or there are changes in unchangeableness.

西方现当代的结构主义和后结构主义虽然在又学形式探讨方面取得了长足的进展，为人们深入研究文学作品的形式结构指明了方向，但由于它们或只强调文学形式之普遍永恒的一面，或只强调文学形式之具体多变的一面，因而未能揭示文学形式之变中有不变的运作规律，未能为人们深刻挖掘文学作品的内在构造指出科学有效的路径。

The "alternation between the texts"between works of literature and tradition of literature,the The "alternation between the subjects"have meaning generativeness,works of literature and subjects of literature do not have the whole meaning because of themselves,t...

文学作品与文学传统之间的&文本间交互性&，文学主体与文学传统之间的&主体间交互性&具有意义生成性，文学作品或文学主体并不以其自身而拥有全部意义，其意义在很大程度上需要到与文学传统之间的交互关系中去界定。

Literature as a structure of language, as a system of norms, as a social institution, these important theories reveal the modes of existence of literary work of art from the microperspective to the macroperspective systematically. We should understand literature in a system of culture and value, the ontological situs of literature is both autonomous structure of language and heteronomous system of norms, literature is a social institution in a culture-value system.

导入时间之维和&规范&这一价值概念，目的表明，单个文学艺术作品在拥有自身独特的结构方式的同时，又属于某种文学传统，一种文学的&规范系统&，正是这些文学规范或约定俗成的文学惯例，决定了什么是文学作品，并以此构成文学作品存在的&他律性&特征。

Because the literature of literary work is the condition that the appreciation of literary work could be birthed, and the latter is the former's result.

因为文学作品的&文学性&，正是文学作品的&审美性&得以产生的条件，文学作品的&审美性&则是文学作品&文学性&作用的结果。

Ernest August Gutt has been engaged in this domain and made great achievements.A systematic research on Gutt"s translation theory clarifies some misunderstandings concerning this theory, disclosing its true nature and exploring its explanatory power to translation practice. Furthermore this thesis probes into the application of Gutt"s theory to literary translation, pointing out that Gutt fails to realize the important role that non-formal aesthetic markers, such as tone and feeling, play in transferring aesthetic values in literary translation, though he lays much emphasis on the transference of formal aesthetic markers. Attempts have been made to amend Gutt"s theory in respect of transferring aesthetic values of literary work by means of "non-formal aesthetic markers, with the aim of making it more suitable for literary translation between Chinese and English.

本文简述了关联理论的基本内容，对恩斯特·奥古斯特·格特根据关联理论建立的关联翻译理论作了较为全面、系统的研究；梳理、分析了译界对它的研究情况和接受情况，澄清了译界对关联翻译理论的种种错误认识；探讨了该理论对翻译现象的强大解释力；最后对格特理论在汉英文学翻译实践中的局限性进行了有益探索，指出了格特理论在文学作品的美学价值的再现上存在不足：格特忽视了美的非形式特征在文学作品的美学价值的再现上所起的重要作用；并结合自己的翻泽研究和实践，从美的形式特征和非形式特征两个方面，用具体译例阐释了文学翻译如何再现原作美学价值的问题，力求使该理论更适合于汉英文学翻译。

He thought that "literariness" also enabled a work to be a literary work Russian formalists understood "literariness" from the form linguistics and pay attention to the form and skill of a work.

俄国形式主义对&文学性&的认识是从形式语言学出发，关注作品的形式和技巧，利用文学的&陌生化&，通过语言形式的强化、重叠、颠倒、浓缩、扭曲、延缓等方式，打破文学语言的正常节奏、韵律和构成，摆脱语言的&自动化&，使其与人们熟悉的语言形式相疏理相错位，并且进一步将&陌生化&运用到文学作品的形式，产生耳目一新的感觉；英美新批评派则从文本语义结构上所体现出来的多层次、多意义的朦胧性特征来探讨&文学性&；到了结构主义那里，他们主要强调在整体结构系统中来把握文学文本，突破了形式主义和新批评专注于具体作品分析的局限，通过具体作品去发现背后普遍的结构模式，同时也正是在对具有普遍意义的抽象结构的关注，使其进一步了认识&文学性&。

In the Seventeen-Year Literature, corresponding to the so-called Soviet Union"Thawed literature", there also arose a batch of literature works aimed at reviving the realistic spirits of the Soviet Union, which were termed as"BaiHua literature".

在&十七年文学&中，与苏联&解冻文学&相对应的，也出现了一批旨在复苏现实主义精神的文学作品——&百花文学&，但由于长期以来文学受制于政治的惯性的存在，无论是对创作主题的拓展还是叙事形式方面，这批作品虽较以往有重大突破，但与&解冻文学&相比仍存在着差距，更何况很快中国的创作环境恶化，中国的作家又被要求回到社会主义现实主义的清规戒律上去，现实主义又一次失落了。

A study of forms, contents, languages, themes, and styles in western literature and literary works from the Roman Empire period to the present day. Focus is on the value and the importance of Western literature and the background of time that connect literary work with Western spiritual culture. Contemporary

研究罗曼时期至今的西方文学以及各种形式的文学作品，范围涉及文学作品的形式、内容、语言、构思以及西方文学的写作风格、价值和重要性等，另外还包括了使西方人的精神文化与西方文学作品相联在一起的时代背景。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。