文化的

K9 O4 N-~ T. s; S* C :A group of patients with personality disorder who grew up in families with strong Confucianism background, well educated and professionally successful, yet lacked the basic ability of empathy were discussed from the view of narcissism in psychodynamics. This article tried to describe how Confucianism influenced on the formation of this type of personality disorder and which characteristics in Confucianism could serve to be the basis of this type of personality disorder within family interaction.

本文作者运用精神分析学对自恋和自恋性障碍研究的成果，通过对一组受过良好教育，有较浓儒家文化的家庭背景，且有一定的工作业绩，但缺乏基本共情能力的人格障碍患者的临床观察，试图阐述儒家文化对这类人格障碍形成的影响，以及这种文化的哪些要素在家庭互动中导致了这种人格障碍的形成。

The Confucianism background of Narcissistic Personality Disorder :A group of patients with personality disorder who grew up in families with strong Confucianism background, well educated and professionally successful, yet lacked the basic ability of empathy were discussed from the view of narcissism in psychodynamics. This article tried to describe how Confucianism influenced on the formation of this type of personality disorder and which characteristics in Confucianism could serve to be the basis of this type of personality disorder within family interaction.

本文作者运用精神分析学对自恋和自恋性障碍研究的成果，通过对一组受过良好教育，有较浓儒家文化的家庭背景，且有一定的工作业绩，但缺乏基本共情能力的人格障碍患者的临床观察，试图阐述儒家文化对这类人格障碍形成的影响，以及这种文化的哪些要素在家庭互动中导致了这种人格障碍的形成。

Supposing that what is at any rate believed to be the "truth" really is true, and the meaning of all culture is the reduction of the beast of prey "man" to a tame and civilized animal, a domestic animal, then one would undoubtedly have to regard all those instincts of reaction and ressentiment through whose aid the noble races and their ideals were finally confounded and overthrown as the actual instruments of culture ; which is not to say that the bearers of these instincts themselves represent culture.

假定，现在被当作"真理"的东西果如其然，假定一切文化的意义就在于把"人"从野兽驯化成一种温顺的、有教养的动物、一种家畜，那么我们就必须毫不犹豫地把所有那些反对的和仇恨的本能，那些借以最终羞辱并打倒了贵胄及其理想的本能看作是真正的文化工具，当然无论如何不能说，那些具有这种本能的人本身同时也体现了文化。

This contradiction was demonstrated in their writings and made the narratives more complicated then ever. The sense of pride and the sense of humiliation, the sense of self-glorification and self-pity, recognition and rejection all became co-existent elements of their storytelling. Their narratives that were based on memory, folklore and family sagas were part of their efforts to preserve and raise their own voice and dignity beneath the oppressive presence of mainstream culture. In addition, their stories were a response to adopting a new perspective on and approach to China while accelerating cultural assimilation.

作为弱势的社会群体，他们通过记忆，传说，想象等方式产生的对"故国"的叙述，一方面体现了主流文化挤压下为保留自己的声音与尊严，力图抗衡美国社会中的种族偏见和文化误解的努力；而另一方面，也表现出他们在接受了某些西方社会观念后，开始取用观察中国的新视点，和力求融入、甚至取悦美国主流文化的心态。

This paper mainly discusses the methods of the trademark translation from the importance of trademark、 culture characteristic and language characteristic, concluding that translation should focus on the exchange of cultural information, so that the translation will be similar with the original goods in the sound、shape 、meaning and so on, while the commodity exchanges will also achieve cultural exchanges.

本文从商标命名的重要性、文化特色和语言特点的角度探讨了商标翻译的主要方法，并提出了在翻译时应注重中西文化信息的互通，从而使翻译出的商标名称与原文的商品在音、形、意和美等珠联璧合、异曲同工，在商品交流的同时亦可实现文化的交流。

I very happy, we will become very good friends, but also to welcome you to China for sightseeing, I can assure you on China, 56 national culture and their customs and habits, I like art, now engaged in Sculpture, I now have to establish their own sculpture, design and development process can produce works of art sculpture, export Western countries, if you are interested in the sculptural arts, we can cooperate, you could be responsible for sales, I could be responsible for the development, design, Production, wages of workers in China less expensive, production costs are relatively low, this can mass production and sales, you can visit you where the public's appreciation of Chinese culture, such as China's "Terra Cotta Warriors" is the Chinese culture has a long record, Foreign friends of the pro-Mi!!!

认识你，非常高兴，我们将成为很好的朋友，也欢迎你来中国观光旅游，我可以向你介绍中国，56个民族文化和他们的风俗习惯，我喜欢艺术，现在从事雕塑艺术，我现在自己建立有自己的雕塑公司，可以设计开发加工生产雕塑艺术品，出口西方国家，如果你对的雕塑艺术有兴趣，我们可以合作，你可以负责销售，我可以负责开发，设计，生产，在中国的工人工资比较便宜，生产成本相对比较低，这样可以大量生产和销售，你可以考察你们那里的市民对中国文化的欣赏，比如，中国的"兵马俑"是中国文化的悠久记载，国外朋友的亲眯！！！

The course of Huang-WenShan constructing culturology may be divided into two periods: the first is the period before Huang-WenShan left China for America in 1949, and it is the stage when Huang-WenShan has formed the basic theories of culturology and when he endeavors to solve the main problem of finding the way out for Chinese culture. The second is the period after 1949, and it is the stage when Huang-WenShan has perfected his culturological system and when he wants to solve the problem of finding the way out for Chinese culture and even for the culture of the human race.

黄文山建设文化学的历程分前后两期：1949年他离开中国大陆去美国前为前期，这是他的文化学基本理论的形成阶段，他所想要解决的主要是中国文化的出路与建设问题； 1949年后为后期，这是他的文化学体系的完善时期，他所想要解决的是从中国文化的出路问题，进而到人类文化的出路问题。

Instead, they were able to find a certain region which was most suitable for living in the natural ecological system in the process of cultural building, and then to build and protect the national habitat which belonged to their own nationality according to their understanding of their nationality's culture.the protection of ecologic was mainly realized by cultural restraint and balance, it had the features of unconsciousness, remoteness ,passivism and regionalism.exploring the features and functions of this kind of protection is good for deepening the awareness of national habitat and offering predecessor's experience and lessons to nowaday ecological protection

古代民族由于所处时空域的限制，不可能全面认识自然生态系统并自觉直接维护生态环境，而是在文化建构的过程中从所处的自然生态系统内人为地分割出一个最适合于本民族生息的区域，按照本民族文化的理解去建构并直接维护本民族特有的民族生境。对生态环境的维护，主要是通过文化制衡来实现的，它具有无意识性、间接性、被动性和区域性。探讨这种生态维护的特点及功效，有助于深化对民族生境的认识并为今天的生态维护提供前人的经验教训。

The American entertainment is based on highly developped economic technology, entertainment is purely entertaining. The general public is willingly and passionately immersed in the sensual pleasure, the danger of"amusing ourselves to death"predicted by Portsman is real. The situation in China looks like that in the United States, but in fact, the technical development in China is not as overwelming as that in the States, the political element is still deeply involved in the individual life environment. Simplity of technology and complicity of psychological feelings stand out as main features of Chinese entertainment culture. People are using the forms of entertainment but refuse to be purely entertaining or entertained this is so called"amusing ourselves not to death".

就对大众的普遍影响力而言，美国娱乐文化的基于经济技术高度发达、享乐单一的现实，大众兴高采烈、心甘情愿地沉溺于感官刺激，面临波兹曼担心的&娱乐至死&的危险，而中国的娱乐文化表面上看起来趋同于美国，但一方面，中国的经济技术没有发达到统领一切的地步，另一方面，中国政治因素依然深入的渗透在的个人生存环境中，因此，中国的娱乐文化则更多地集中在技术简单、感受复杂的心理空间中，大众自觉不自觉以娱乐方式，却为不甘成为娱乐工具而抗争，可谓&娱乐不死&。

In 1980s, being dead against the biggest cultural change in the rising American TV epoch- all public words appear in the form of entertainment forming a cultural spirit - the American Neil Portsman wrote《Amusing ourselves to death》, analysing deeply that all the cultural content will be willing dependency to entertainment, with no complainte and even complete silence,'As a result we have become a species which is amusing itself to death', this proved to be true what Huxley said in 《The Beautiful New World》in 1932 'Men lose freedom because of entertainment, we will be destroyed by what we love'.

1980年代，美国人尼尔·波兹曼，针对美国这种一切公众话语都逐渐以娱乐的方式出现，并成为一种文化精神的文化的重大转变，写了《娱乐至死》，透析一切文化内容都将心甘情愿地成为娱乐的附庸，而且毫无怨言，甚至无声无息，&其结果是我们成了一个娱乐至死的物种&，论证了赫胥黎1932年《美丽新世界》中的预言&人们由于享乐失去了自由，我们将毁于我们热爱的东西&，正日益成为当今美国乃至全球的社会现实。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。