文化意义上

The Heaven and the Way is the both the changeableness of the universe and the thought to pursue harmony in the world; The Humanity is the thought to pursue harmony in the conflict society by culturing mind, which means a real person must be of disenchantment in thought and self restraint in behavior, and the society is of solicitude for human, all that is the ZhongYong; The Unifying and the Changing is the harmony in evolvement, the essence of the universe and thought;as a thought, it is the Way of communication between human and nature or society; The one is ultimate perfection but that means death, only in its own transcending it becomes the the primary chaos,namely ultimately the Chinese thought.

本文中使用的中国思想区别于一般使用的"中国传统思想"，中国思想具有的自身的本体性意义，它不同于对一般的思想观念的研究，不是研究它所表达的内容的特点和性质，也不是指某种具体思想观念的产生和发展的演变，而是指思想自身作为动力性本质的本体性存在过程；"中国传统思想"则具有它所指称的历史内容，是指中国文化历史进程中具体的思想脉络，当然"中国传统思想"也有概念自身特定的研究意义，但那是建立在全部历史内容的基础上，用来表达中国历史自身的精神特质。

The author has initiated that ecological culture concepts should be integrated in a deeper level in hillside architectural design originality, both should reflect hillside green architectural morphology art expression characteristic based on the narrow strategies, as well as realize the integration of morphological esthetics and the ecological esthetics to manifest the combining of hillside architecture and hillside environment, and should realize the conformity with the humanities ecology based on the generalized strategies originated from local environment, to reflect the regional difference and nationality's particularity , and to manifest the harmony aesthetic value close connected between hillside architecture and the regional social environment, the cultural environment so as to realize hillside architectural significance finally.

作者倡导坡地建筑设计创意中的生态文化理念需在更深层次上进行整合，既要基于狭义的缘地策略反映坡地绿色建筑形态艺术表达的特性、以及实现形态美学和生态美学的整合，体现出坡地建筑与自然环境的合二为一，又要基于广义的缘地策略实现与人文生态的整合，反映地域的差异性和民族的特殊性，体现出坡地建筑与地域的社会环境、文化环境密切关联的和谐美，以最终实现坡地建筑的意义。

From the reform and open to the outside world,the civic consciousness in our country has developed fully,but it still can not adapt the current development of the market economy.Especially in the rural area, the civic consciousness of our country's peasants restricts the fast development of rural market economy to a large extent.Consequently,it is a great significance to cultivate the peasants' civic consciousness.This paper discusses some opinions in this field,In detail:The first part starts with the concept of the civilians and the civic consciousness,and mainly discusses what are the civilians and its historical development.Then the paper analyzes the meanings of the civic consciousness and its formation conditions,and based on which analyses the characteristics of the contemporary peasants in our country and its influence on the formation of our country's civic consciousness.At present,the lifestyle of our country's peasants is mainly agricultural.They are the subordinate to the dominant in the field of the political right,possess the low quality in the whole in the cultural aspect and relatively lag behind in the aspect of ideology.All hinder the development of the peasants' civic consciousness,affect the enlargement of the peasants' political participation,and go against the cultivation of the peasants' collective consciousness.

改革开放以来我国公民的公民意识得到了长足的发展，但仍然不能适应当前市场经济的发展，尤其是在农村，我国农民的公民意识在很大程度上制约了农村市场经济的快速发展，因此，培育农民的公民意识具有重要意义，本文即是想在这方面谈谈自己的想法，具体来说：本文的第一部分首先从公民和公民意识的概念入手，主要论述了公民意识的形成及其在我国的历史发展，接着进一步的分析了公民意识的含义及其构成，在此基础上分析了当代我国农民的特点以及其对我国农民公民意识的生成所产生的影响，当前，我国农民在生存方式上，仍以农业为主，在政治权利方面，仍是权势力量的从属者，在文化素质方面，整体素质仍然偏低，思想观念方面还是相对落后的，这些特征在很大程度上阻碍了农民的主体意识的发展，影响了农民政治参与的扩大，不利于农民公共精神的培养。

We have seen how signs relate words to the world in ways that are generally denotative of common cultural objects, or particularly connotative of other objects or concepts associated with them individual, or simply iconic.

我们看过了符号与世界上的言语的联系方式，他们是普遍文化对象的外延意义，或者是其他对象或个体概念的内涵，或是单纯的图标意义。

Research methodology adopted the foundation of Erwin Panofsky's Iconology to inspect cultural origin of peony prototype, and adopted the definition of third level to connect image of woman and peony for attempting to explain the definition of peony to maternity and family. This creation displayed there styles: remindful style, decorative style, and surreal style, and then planed three glue watercolor creative series that were "guardian series","flowerage series", and "riches as floating clouds series".

方法学上以般洛夫斯基（Erwin Panofsky，1892-1968）的图像学为基础，探讨以牡丹为原型的文化脉络，以第三层的意义将女人与牡丹的形象连结在一起，并将牡丹延伸意义为母性与家，以此为创作主轴，发展出三个风格：怀旧风格、装饰风格、超现实风格，并规划出三个胶彩创作系列：「守护系列」、「花解系列」、「富贵如云系列」。

American critic Ellen Johnston Laing argued Chinese Political Pop as Post Modern Art can not be established in "Is There Post-Modern Art in the People's Republic of China?,"

然而，黄钢在自己作品中体现出来的思考可能具有更多的文化上的意义和建设性价值——毕竟，调侃和破坏虽然具有一时的震撼力，但缺乏对文化本身的建设和对未来的责任。。

It was born in the modern city and it spreads itself through the culture product produced by the culture industry with the aid of modern popular medias, such as radios, televisions, newspaper, magazines and Internets, at the places like disco-ballrooms, bars, shopping plazas, bathing plazas, with the style as jeans, longhair, rock-roll. Its a culture phenomenon that keeps closely touch with commerce activities like buying and selling or consume.

它是一种以都市为生存土壤的，借助大批量生产的、面向大众传播的文化产品，使大多数人形成了一致的生存方式和趋同的需要并凝聚为一个共同整体且在趣味、习惯、风俗、意义、信仰与价值上共享的文化现象，它通过广播、电视、报纸、杂志、网络等现代媒体，在迪厅、酒吧、购物广场、洗浴中心等场所，以牛仔服、披肩发、摇滚乐等形式传播存在着。

Based on the analysis of the primitive function of Mazu culture,its effect on social individual and group is analyzed from anthropological view,which is very important for correct opinion upon the cultural influence of Mazu culture.

文章在分析妈祖信仰文化原始功用的基础上，从人类学的角度剖析了其对社会个体和社会群体的作用，这对正确看待妈祖信仰、发挥妈祖信仰文化的影响力具有重要的意义。

This part explains the purpose, significance and methods of the study. In the second section, it confirms the basic conceptions and definers of agricultural tourism and characteristics, and the function of agriculture and tourism is described and its impact on Chinese agricultural economy is analyzed, giving a further understanding of agricultural tourism. In Part III, it presents development, models and research of agricultural tourism in Countries in the world and Taiwan, and form the macro objective analysis the agricultural tourism development gap of China and International. The next three parts summed up the status and the existing problems of tourism tropical agriculture of Hainan, and proposed the development significance of Hainan's tropical agriculture tourism, and marketed analysis from product mix, tourist spending psychological and social development of Hainan's; and draw the advanced experience that the agriculture tour develops at home and abroad, suggest that the Hainan tropics agriculture develops principle; Seventh parts direction and suggestion having suggested that the agriculture tour develops to Hainan tropics on the first seven parts.

第一部分介绍本文研究的意义及方法、途径，第二部分介绍了农业旅游的相关概念、各种定义、内容及特征；并对农业旅游的功能和其对我国农业经济的影响进行剖析，加深对农业旅游的认识；第三部分介绍了世界各国及我国台湾地区一些先进国家的农业旅游发展现状、模式及相关研究，从宏观上客观的分析我国农业旅游发展与国际先进水平之间的差距；第四、五、六部分，总结了海南热带农业旅游的现状及存在的问题，提出对海南发展热带农业旅游的意义，并从产品结构、游客消费心理、社会发展等角度对海南热带农业旅游的市场情况进行分析；借鉴国内外农业旅游发展的先进经验，提出海南热带农业发展原则；第七部分在前几个部分的基础上提出了对海南热带农业旅游发展的方向及建议，建议要充分利用农业科技优势、合理规划热带农业资源、挖掘热带农业文化内涵，加强对海南热带农业资源的保护以及琼台合作，进一步发展海南热带观光农业产业。

By the following three breakthroughs. Firstly, translation studies much enhanced its examination in linguistic transfer, with a series of equivalences advanced, such as equivalence in phonetics, syntax, semantics, etc. Secondly, instead of being confined to the translated text, translation studies concernsitself more with the extralinguistic elements: the initiator who proposes or sponsors the translation of a certain work, the translator who produces the target text and the receiver that involves not only the target reader but the target cultural environment as a whole. Thirdly, translation has been surveyed

首先，它从一般层面上的对两种语言转换的技术性问题的研究，深入到了对翻译行为本身的深层探究，提出了语音、语法、语义等一系列的等值问题；其次，它不再局限于翻译文本本身的研究，而是把目光投射到了译作的发起者（即提议或组织翻译某部作品的个人或群体）、翻译文本的操作者和接受者（此处的接受者不光指的是译文的读者，还有整个译语文化的接受环境）身上；再次，它把翻译放到一个宏大的文化语境中去考察，并审视翻译在这种文化语境中的意义和作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。