文化中心

Its on the oriental stage that a series of oncoming and dormant Oedipus tragedies-incest tragedies, with which the westerners are so familiar regardless of performance on the somewhere strange stage, are highlights, so that the western spectators not only can enjoy the different exotic cultural charms, but from the commanding perspective fell the superiority of their own culture in this fabricated cultural context featured with backward, isolation and far from the reality. In addition, Zhang prefers to the method of time lagging in the film text formation, so that the textual times usually drag back to the past on purpose such as 1930s, 1940s, per-anti-Japanese war period as well as 1960s and 1970s; apart from this, the far-off areas far from the cultural center are chosen as the film space, all which get together to set up a static, stagnate and hiding Chinese traditional cultural context symbolized by backward, barbarousness and ignorantness to satisfy the male desire.

为了营造这个虚拟舞台，张艺谋影片中的采用了时间的滞后性策略，影片中的故事本文时间均选择了过去：十九世纪三十、四十年代，抗战前期，六七十年代；影片中的本文空间均选择了远离文化中心的边缘地带，通过时间的滞后策略和空间的边缘策略来满足一个停滞的、凝固的、静止的落后而由愚昧野蛮的中国传统文化语境；将处于社会边缘的女性放置在其中，利用观众位置的双重性认同结构，巧妙利用女性这一表层可见视觉中心和读解影片时意义渐隐的策略来遮掩和移位其真正的作者意识形态：即重复再一次对女性的观看，满足东西方男性的窥视欲望。

In recent years, with the constant development of surveying and mapping industry, Shaanxi Bureau of Surveying and Mapping in cultural construction has been further strengthened, built up area of 7060 square meters of workers and cultural center, the center of 14.5 thousand square meters garden and more than 700 square meters of sports hall.

近年来，随着测绘事业的不断发展，陕西测绘局的职工文化建设得到进一步加强，建成了面积为7060平方米的职工文化中心、1.45万平方米的中心花园和700多平方米的运动馆。

The construction of the Beijing Urban and Rural Trade Center, China Architectural Culture Center, the Ministry of National Grid Control Centre, Beijing Zaojun Miao telecommunications building, Fu Kai building, the National Computer Network Center, the Central Party School, residential buildings, Wanliu Everbright Garden, and Snow Road Plant, Shanghai Senmao Building, the building Huaneng Shanghai, Shenzhen SEG Plaza, Lushan buildings, and Wang buildings, Huaneng Shantou Power Plant, Tangshan Phoenix Building, Shijiazhuang Zhongshan Building, Hainan Petrochemical building, the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station in Guangdong, Xiamen International Airport and other major projects.

承建了北京城乡贸易中心、中国建筑文化中心、电力部国家电网控制中心、北京市皂君庙电讯大楼、富凯大厦、国家计算机网络中心、中央党校住宅楼、万柳光大花园、和路雪厂房、上海森茂大厦、上海华能联合大厦、深圳赛格广场、庐山大厦、地王大厦、汕头华能电厂、唐山凤凰大厦、石家庄中山大厦、海南石化大厦、广东大亚湾核电站、厦门国际机场等大型工程。

Obviously, it seems that his intention is to make another kind of voice out of the deep water, which makes it fight against traditional phalloccntrism; while also entangle on the male dcsire peering at female bodies in his narrative words, using the supposing visual center in the film picture to disguise the ubiquitous male desire peering at female bodies, all which embody the desire to close the western cultural center regardless of the picture handling and cameral lens cutting. Finally, he spends every strain to alleviate visual pressure and catering to the visual feeling of the western audience using narrative tactics, while the real intention to fight for language right with traditional phallocentrism. So it"s safe to say that this is a right fight between traditional phallocentrism and marginal counterpart. Just as the sacrifice of women in Zhang"s films, the marginal women again betrayed in Lous, and women again become the punishing and desire subject and swapping subject between men.

似乎让另外一种声音浮出水面是他的叙事意图，使它能够对抗传统中心话语权威；然而，在他影片的叙事话语中，仍然纠缠于固执的男性对于女性的窥视，利用设定影片画面中的表层观看&中心&，企图掩饰他影片中无处不在的对于女性的窥视欲，无论是在影片画面处理、影片镜头的剪辑上都显示出对西方强势文化中心的靠近，利用其中叙事策略来尽量减轻或者迎合西方观众的视觉接受，而其真正的叙事权威就是利用&边缘&来争夺西方观众的肯定，来与传统男性中心权威话语争夺话语权，这是一场传统男性中心话语权威与男性边缘群体争夺话语权的斗争，就如张艺谋的影片中以牺牲女性为代价，娄的影片中同样牺牲了边缘女性群体，女性再一次成为窥视、惩罚的对象，成为男性交换的对象。

In the same dynasty the chief ruler was for the first time named Son of Heaven. When the ruler of one of the states sharing this culture, the Qin state in the third century BPE unified them all by conquest and standardised writing and much else, he called himself Emperor,(Huangdi, a semi-divine title) and created a cosmocracy that was also an empire, and that has been the aspiration of rule in China ever since, a civilisational centre that is also a political centre.

公元前3世纪秦代一统中国，统一了文字和许多其它元素，这种文化被传播开来，秦代君王自称皇帝---一个半人半神的头衔，并创建了帝国，从此这就成为了中国统治者的热望，帝国是文化中心也是政治中心。

Surverying the length of the Seine River,"the uncuttable umbilical cord of Parisian culture" stretching from west to east, one can discover a succession of sites where Mitterrand has left his mark: The Louvre Palace Museum of Fine Arts, the Orsee Museum of Fine Arts, the Arab Cultural Center, the Ministry

沿著「巴黎都市文化不可割离脐带」的塞纳河流览眺望，由西向东，人们可以依序发现一系列密特朗的手迹：罗浮宫、奥塞美术馆、阿拉伯文化中心、财政部大楼、国家图书馆，以及1994年被右派巴拉杜总理否决了的国际会议中心。

The problem of geographical arts calls for our attention. The multiple development patterns of regional arts and cultural diversity have to be reconstructed in order to resist the cultural centrism, hegemonies and cultural bureaucracy.

美术的地域问题必须要引起关注，美术文化的多元发展格局和文化多样化必然要重新建构，以抵抗文化中心主义、霸权主义和文化官僚主义。

The deep-rooted idea obstacle mainly embodies in cultural centralism, cultural hegemonism and so-caused cultural attachment psychology,sense of cultural inferiority and narrow cultural nationalism.

跨文化沟通中深层的观念障碍主要表现在文化中心主义，文化霸权主义，以及由之产生的文化依附心理、文化自卑感和狭隘的文化民族主义。

In addition to the cultural center held twice a week exhibition of short-term training and skills, the cultural center is still every Saturday morning of Teachers to the political culture of the capital, Portnoy V, music, handicraft center teaching, and will go to Cotonou Craft Promotion Center , the second session of the Cotonou International Book Salon and other places of training and demonstration activities.

除在文化中心每周举办两次短期培训和技艺展示活动外，文化中心还在每周六上午安排教师到政治首都波特诺伏文化、音乐手工业中心授课，并将赴科托努手工艺推广中心、第二届科托努国际图书沙龙展等地举办培训和展示活动。

In addition to the cultural center held twice a week exhibition ofshort-term training and skills, the cultural center is still everySaturday morning of Teachers to the political culture of thecapital, Portnoy V, music, handicraft center teaching, and will goto Cotonou Craft Promotion Center , the second session of theCotonou International Book Salon and other places of training anddemonstration activities.

除在文化中心每周举办两次短期培训和技艺展示活动外，文化中心还在每周六上午安排教师到政治首都波特诺伏文化、音乐手工业中心授课，并将赴科托努手工艺推广中心、第二届科托努国际图书沙龙展等地举办培训和展示活动。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。