文人

It completed the transformation from functional seal to art of shape appreciation.

徽州篆刻的崛起，确立了文人篆刻艺术的地位，实现了由实用印章向篆刻造型欣赏艺术的转变，同时徽州篆刻始终影响着中国文人篆刻的发展衍变，代表着中国文人篆刻艺术的主流。

During the detailed dissertation in this paper, it explains the meaning of the conception of "To perceive object voluntary and paint it" from the history and ideological background that make it be produced and considers that it is the principle of Chinese traditional painting ,relationship of main body and object which contained in it effect each other and being dialectic unity; Secondly, in the text it analyzes the characters of ancient scholars' painting between main body and object, then concludes that the characters of ancient scholar's painting are "not in pursuit of the similitude of appearance ","simple" and "formality".

在具体的论述中，本文从"应物象形"产生的历史条件与思想背景入手，还原"应物象形"概念的涵义，认为"应物象形"是关于中国传统绘画造"形"的准则，其中所包含的绘画创作主客体之间的关系是两相并举，互渗互化，辨证统一的；其次，文章对于文人画造"形"的特点和主客体进行分析，将文人画的造"形"特点归纳为："不求形似"、简约、程式化，并认为文人画造"形"严重偏向于主体，轻视客体；最后，文章分别将文人画造"形"的主客体与"应物象形"的主客体进行比较，得出结论：文人画造"形"不同于"应物象形"。

From the perspectives of the relationships between the then political layout and the literati,the reinvigoration of Confucian studies and the literati's concept of taking official posts,the present paper delves into the signifi...

本文从政治格局与文人的关系、经学的复兴与文人用世思想角度去探讨这一转型的文化意义，阐述中唐文人政治自觉在诗歌创作中的表现及其特征。

Finally, I shall admit that I, the ancient Chinese literati mostly down, and the withdrawal of the literati, I also need their own is a scholar, I think I am now in somniloquy, in fact, I'm awake.

最后我不得承认我是文人，中国古代文人大多失意，归隐，我也需要自己是个文人，我想我现在在说梦话，其实我在清醒不过了。

The process ,which is from take-in to take-out ,that is to say ,from nature to scholar painters" soul and then to artistic works ,makes the emergence of scholar"s painting possible ,and yet it can"t directly bring about scholar"s painting art .

尽管从自然到文人画家的心灵再到艺术作品这样一个"内化"与"外化"的过程赋予了文人画的产生以可能，但还不能直接产生出文人画艺术。

It is a special phenomenon that literati had a special liking and attached great importance to travelling in their cultural life.At the same time,it boosted the flourishment of the creative work of travel notes.

晚明文人游赏活动的兴盛是晚明一个突出的现象，文人极为嗜游，使得游赏活动在晚明文人的文化生活中占据了非常重要的地位，与其他的文化活动息息相关。

During the detailed dissertation in this paper, it explains the meaning of the conception of "To perceive object voluntary and paint it" from the history and ideological background that make it be produced and considers that it is the principle of Chinese traditional painting ,relationship of main body and object which contained in it effect each other and being dialectic unity; Secondly, in the text it analyzes the characters of ancient scholars' painting between main body and object, then concludes that the characters of ancient scholar's painting are "not in pursuit of the similitude of appearance ","simple" and "formality".

在具体的论述中，本文从&应物象形&产生的历史条件与思想背景入手，还原&应物象形&概念的涵义，认为&应物象形&是关于中国传统绘画造&形&的准则，其中所包含的绘画创作主客体之间的关系是两相并举，互渗互化，辨证统一的；其次，文章对于文人画造&形&的特点和主客体进行分析，将文人画的造&形&特点归纳为：&不求形似&、简约、程式化，并认为文人画造&形&严重偏向于主体，轻视客体；最后，文章分别将文人画造&形&的主客体与&应物象形&的主客体进行比较，得出结论：文人画造&形&不同于&应物象形&。

Literators'thought and Chinese classic garden (1) Brief introduction of literators'thought ...

本文对中国古典园林设计中的文人思想进行了阐述，一方面对中国古典园林中的文人思想及古典园林的发展加以简单的梳理，另一方面通过分析文人思想对古典园林设计的影响，进一步能为现代园林设计的实践提供理论的参考。

Considering the two kinds of characters, the later was common for all of the literators, and the former that resulted in the popular feelings of dissatisfaction and criticism was unique for Chinese ancient literators.

女性内倾性格特色是中国古代文人的独特性格特色，而带悲观色彩的性格是所有文人共同的基本性格特点，它决定了文人的普遍&不满&和&批评&情结。

No matter which kind of real gifted scholar, they are all ideal elites who scholars moulded, the scholar try to definite themselves own talent and learning, they want to others know they are very good, and satirize the disguising scholar.

无论哪种类型的真才子，他们都是文人塑造的理想精英，是文人对于自身才学的极力肯定，是一种自喻，企图对世俗轻视文人群体的行为进行有力地反驳；而对于伪装在自己队伍中的冒牌文人，他们也极尽了讽刺之能事。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷