整数

If we know the exact value of ψ_m, we will have, for integers ψ_m, a deterministic primality testing algorithm which is not only easier to implement but also faster than either the Jacobi Sum test, the elliptic curve test, or the AKS algorithm.

如果知道ψ_m的准确值，那么对小于ψ_m的整数N，我们就有一个确定性素性测定算法，它不仅容易实现而且比Jacobi-Sum算法、椭圆曲线素性证明算法和AKS算法速度都要快。

Similarly, there are simple randomized in-place algorithms for primality testing such as the Miller-Rabin primality test , and there are also simple in-place randomized factoring algorithms such as Pollard's rho algorithm .

类似地，对於质数测试有简单的随机化原地算法像是米勒-拉宾检验，也有简单原地随机化整数分解算法像是 Pollard's rho 算法。

For all integers , is a prime number.

对於每个整数，都是质数。

There are not primitive roots,for mod n,by computing the order of "product number", for "product module",this artical has made a number(call generalized primitive root ),parametrically,which order is also the common multiple of the all orders.

对于没有原根的模n，通过乘积数对乘积模的次数的计算，该文构造性地得到一种整数，其次数也是所有次数的公倍数，并得到这个公倍数次数的一种计算公式。

Considering portfolio selection issue with the realistic environments of the stock market in China,we propose Probability Criterion Model in this paper.

考虑到我国证券交易过程中许多限制性的规定及现实投资者并非完全理性的决策行为，给出了概率准则组合投资的收益-损失风险双目标整数规划模型。

Since the number of trips is a non-negative integer, truncated, and of endogenous stratification, this study empirically analyzes its recreational benefits by the On-site Poisson and truncated negative binomial with endogenous stratification of the Travel Cost Method. Besides, this study adopts TNBES to see how the number of trips disperse and takes the consumer surplus to assess benefits. As to visitors' valuation, this research uses the ordered probit to do empirical analysis and then divides all satisfaction factors by the factor analysis and cluster analysis into four factors and two clusters, which then are taken as explanatory variables.

考量旅游次数为非负整数、截断、内生分层等特质，本研究在游憩效益方面，采旅游成本法中的现场波松(On-site Poisson)、截断式内生分层负二项(Truncated Negtive Binomial with Endogenous Stratification， TNBES)模型做实证分析，并於TNBES模型检定旅游次数之扩散情形，效益之评估采消费者剩余为计算标准；在游客评价方面，采次序波比模型做实证分析，并将游客对科博馆各项因素满意度以因素分析、集群分析，区分为四大因素构面与二大集群，纳入游客评价为解释变数，并探讨消费者剩余对游客评价之影响。

To prepare a program for a group of integer value.

详细说明：编写一个程序求一组整数的中值。

When projecting images to the reference plane, we adopt inverse warping to avoid "hole", and uninteger coordination will be got by bilinear interplation.

我们使用图像的逆向变换把图像投影到参考面上，可以避免"空洞"的产生，双线性插值出非整数坐标位置。

A theoretical test method which can be used to evaluate whether a pseudorandom number sequence satisfies requested randomness is suggested.

譬如：原随机变量是U（0，1）的，则变换后的随机变量也是U（0，1）的，但是用一个非整数去乘却没有这样的统计性质。

Nyang and Song proposed a digital signature scheme based on quadratic residue problem.

对Shimada公钥密码体制进行推广，提出一种新的密码体制，这种新的公钥密码体制的安全性建立在一般形式的素因子分解问题之上，攻击这种新的密码体制等价于对一般形式的大整数进行素因子分解，并设计一种新的数字签名方案和新的认证加密方案。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。