数学

In this social background and the influence of the climax of the second scientific translation,a large number of western science work is introduced into China. A large number of mathematical work traslation emerges huge influence on Chinese traditional work.

在这样的社会背景及第二次科学翻译高潮的影响下，大量的西方科学著作传入中国，其中西方数学书籍的大量翻译对中国传统数学产生了巨大的影响。

This article studies based on the shortest path city public transportation intelligence inquiry system, first aims at the city public transportation line network chart establishment mathematical model; Then research based on above mathematical model database creation method and corresponding algorithm design, with take Dijkstra algorithm as foundation, based on path shortest public transportation line inquiry algorithm, and through simple analog data confirmation algorithm validity; Finally brief introduction according to this thought design realization city public transportation intelligence inquiry system.

研究基于最短道路的城市公交智能查询系统，首先针对城市公交线路网络图建立数学模型；然后研究基于上述数学模型的数据库建立方法和相应的算法设计，和以Dijkstra算法为基础的、基于道路最短的公交线路查询算法，并通过简单模拟数据验证算法的有效性；最后简要介绍按此思想设计实现的城市公交智能查询系统。

The theoretical study shows that the continuous variability of non-operator, and operation, and or operation can be realized in mathematics, and can use a variety of forms such as mathematical index, polynomial and trigonometric. This paper introduces several and/or operations models, and the comparison by the simulation experiment shows that the model I is a more ideal model.

理论研究表明泛逻辑中泛非、泛与／或运算的连续可控性在数学上是完全可以实现的，并可以用多种数学形式如指数、多项式和三角函数等形式来实现，本文介绍的泛与／或运算的几个模型，通过仿真实验比较可以得出模型一就是一个比较理想的模型。

Vector is one of the important and basic concepts in modern mathematics. It is also a tool that links up algebra, geometry, and trigonometric.

向量是现代数学中重要和基本的数学概念之一，它是沟通代数、几何与三角函数的一种工具，有着极其丰富的应用背景。

These present many different kinds of practical mathematical problems, including applications to surveying, salary distributions, calculations of the areas of simple geometric surfaces and volumes such as the truncated pyramid, and simple solutions for first- and second-degree equations.

这些卷宗呈现出许多不同种类的实用数学问题，其中包括测量中数学的应用，发放薪金，计算像截棱锥这样简单的几何表面积的体积，还有简单的一次二次方程式解法。

They very have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers - the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table - is itself far from innate.

他们还表示抽象的数字概念，他们还表示抽象的数字概念，如可表示任何一类物品并且是在做比摆桌子有更高数学要求的任何事时都必备的一，更高数学要求的任何事时都必备的一，三意识，远远不是天生就具备的。

Furthermore, it is in unconsciousness level.

因此数学学科自我监控能力的培养是数学教学最大的薄弱环节。

On account of the traffic flow with the high complexity and randomicity, we could adopt fuzzy theory and fuzzy control technology without setting up an accurate math model, which can avoid the unideal control effect, brought by inaccurate math model, and also can adapt the real-time control. Therefore, this paper applies the fuzzy theory and fuzzy control technology to research and discuss traffic control.

因为，交叉路口交通流的运行具有高度复杂性和随机性的特点，采用模糊理论和模糊控制技术，可以不需要建立精确的数学模型，这样既可以避免由于被控对象数学模型建立的不准确而导致控制效果不理想，又能够适应交叉路口的实时控制要求。

Because of the strong non-linearity of the systems themselves and the addition of the resonant components, the modeling of these system becomes difficult, its effect sometimes is unideal even invalid that applying conventional controlling methods. The strategy of fuzzy control needn't constituting mathematics model and control the system based on control experience completely, fuzzy control is fit for controlling the systems of non-linear and uncertain.

但是由于这些系统本身严重的非线性、时变不确定性以及谐振元件的加入，使得系统数学模型很难建立，应用传统的控制方法有时效果不理想甚至是无效的，而模糊控制策略无需建立精确数学模型，是在控制经验基础上实现对系统进行控制，适合对非线性及不确定性系统进行有效控制。

Constructing a unitary matrix for transformation of coordinates by means of quadratic form theory,the Hamiltonian of the 3D coordinate-momentum coupling harmonic oscillator is transformed into diagonalmatrix,it not only offer a general mathematic method for solving this kind of problems,but also have an active effect upon upgrading students ability to solve physics problems by mathematical theory.

利用二次型理论构造一个幺正矩阵进行表象变换，将|x〉表象中的三模坐标-动量耦合量子谐振子体系的哈密顿量对角化，这不仅提供了一种解决该类问题的一般数学方法，同时对培养和提升学生运用数学工具解决复杂物理问题的能力也具有积极的指导作用。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。