数学

Mathematics: Understands and applies basic and advanced properties of the concepts of geometry; Use the Pythagorean theorem and its converse and properties of special right triangles to solve mathematical and real-world problems; Understands the basic concepts of right triangle trigonometry (e.g., basic trigonometric ratios such as sine, cosine, and tangent); Uses trigonometric ratio methods to solve mathematical and real-world problems (e.g., determination of the angle of depression between two markers on a contour map with different elevations); Uses properties of and relationships among figures to solve mathematical and real-world problems e.g., uses the property that the sum of the angles in a quadrilateral is equal to 360 degrees to square up the frame for a building; uses understanding of arc, chord, tangents, and properties of circles to determine the radius given a circular edge of a circle without the center

数学：理解和应用几何概念的初级和高级特性；用毕德哥拉斯定理、逆定理以及特殊直角三角形性质解决数学的和现实世界的问题；理解基本的直角三角形三角比；运用三角比方法解决数学的或现实的问题。（等高线图上的两个标记之间的俯角确定）运用形体之间的关系及其属性解决数学的或现实的问题（利用四边形内角和等于360度来为建筑物框架取正，运用弧，弦，切线和圆的性质确定缺少中心的一段圆弧的圆心

Convex body; star body; cross i-section; Firey projection; Radon transform; Fourier transform of distribution; generalized intersection body; dual mixed volume; embedding in L_p

基础科学，数学，几何、拓扑凸体；星体； i-维中心截面； Radon变换；分布的Fourier变换；广义截面体；对偶混合体积；等距嵌入L_p

Submanifold; Homology group; Topological sphere theorem; L~2 harmonic 1-forms; Ends; Eigenvalue; Mean curvature; Second fundamental form

基础科学，数学，几何、拓扑子流形；同调群；拓扑球面定理； L~2调和1-形式；端；特征值；平均曲率；第二基本形式

Matrix differential system; Damped term; Oscillation; Riccati transformation; Integral average

基础科学，数学，数学分析矩阵微分系统；阻尼项；振动性； Riccati变换；积分平均

The computer aid animation is a high and new technique; it is the thing that combines the art and the computer graphics together. Accompanying with the high speed devolvement of computer hardware and graphic arithmetic , it synthesize the computer science, art, mathematics, physics with the knowledge of the other and related course, the computer aid animation make abundance sequence virtual real images on the screen.

计算机动画是计算机图形学和艺术相结合的产物，是伴随着计算机硬件和图形算法高速发展起来的一门高新技术，它综合利用了计算机科学、艺术、数学、物理学和其它相关学科的知识，在计算机上生成绚丽多彩的连续的虚拟真实画面。

Differential Difference Equation; Neutral Functional Differential Equation; Stability Switch; Characteristic Equation; Stability; Liapunov Method; Monotone Semiflow; Periodic Solution

基础科学，数学，数学分析微分差分系统；中立型泛函微分方程；特征方程；稳定性开关；解的稳定性；李雅普诺夫方法；单调半流；周期解

Inhomogeneous hyperbolic conservation law; viscosity solution; weak solution; entropy-entropy flux; maximum principle; Young measure; Dirac measure; compensated compectness

基础科学，数学，数学分析非齐次双曲型守恒律；粘性解；弱解；熵-熵通量；极值原理； Young测度； Dirac测度；补偿列紧理论

Though the city-states relied on slave labor and the disenfranchisement of women, the male citizens established one of the earliest forms of democracy, and in the span of less than two hundred years they managed to establish what the Western world still looks to as the basis of its political institutions, philosophy, mathematics, drama, art, and architecture.

虽然城市国家依*劳动和奴隶被剥夺了妇女，男性公民建立最早形式的民主，并在不到二百年，他们设法建立什么西方世界仍然期待的根据其政治体制，哲学，数学，戏剧，艺术和建筑。

Group testing; d—separable matrix;—separable matrix; d—disjunct matrix; error-tolerant matrix; construction of separating matrices; transversal design; probabilistic method; Las Vegas algorithm; line graph; competition number

基础科学，数学，代数、数论、组合理论群试理论； d-可分矩阵矩阵；-可分矩阵； d-分离矩阵；容错矩阵；横向设计；概率方法； Las Vegas算法；线图；竞赛数

Virtual boundary element; equivalent collation method; double layer potential; linear diffusion equation

基础科学，数学，数学分析虚边界元；等额配点法；双层位势；扩散方程

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。