数值的

The main contents of this course include: introduction, extraction of root from an equation, numerical solution of a system of linear equations, interpolation method, the method of fitting of a curve, numerical integration and differentiation, numerical solution of a differential equation, one-dimensional search method of extreme value problem, etc.

本课程包括以下内容：绪论、方程求根、线性方程组数值解法、插值法、曲线拟合法、数值积分与数值微分、微分方程数值解法、极值问题的一维搜索法。

The computing plots of the solutions from the two methods were inconsistent under the specified boundary-initial conditions, which stirred up the debate of the effectiveness of Maxwell's equations in lossy medium. It is found that the differences between the two numerical curves can be viewed as the Gibbs phenomenon caused by cutting off the high frequency components in computing the infinite integral of the numerical curve of Harmuth's solution.

通过比较两种解析解的数值曲线得出：两者的差异在于求解Harmuth解的数值曲线时，采取无穷积分的高频截断近似产生了吉布斯现象；在计算Harmuth解的数值曲线时不断增大积分上限，其数值曲线的振荡不断向不连续点处收缩，而且衰减加快，因此在求解Harmuth解的数值曲线时，若积分区间取为理想无限大，则可以预见相同计算精度下两种方法的电场解的数值曲线是一致的。

In this paper, the Lagrange interpolation formula asked a class function expression question, the determination function to the higher mathematics in the elementary mathematics in some value scope question, the equality proof question, the multinomial factorisation question, to ask to have the Finite series to pass the formula question, the certificate any n function at will n+1 different spots function value maximum value minimal problem and so on six aspects should serve as the simple introduction, and has separately made the comparison with these six aspects elementary mathematics method, thus solved some operation problems in elementary mathematics.

摘要本文对高等数学中Lagrange插值公式在初等数学中的求一类函数表达式问题、确定函数在某点的取值范围问题、恒等式的证明问题、多项式的因式分解问题、求有穷数列的通项公式问题、证明任一n次函数的随意的n+1个两两不同点的函数值的最大值的最小值问题等六个方面的应用作了简单介绍，并与这六个方面的初等数学方法分别作了比较，从而解决一些初等数学中的运算问题。

Therefore, numerical analysis has been duly noted and come up with a variety of numerical integration, numerical differentiation, as well as the numerical solution of differential equations, the calculation of the volume comes down to basic computing, which laid the foundation of modern computer based on the numerical algorithm.

于是，数值分析受到了重视，研究出各种数值积分，数值微分，以及微分方程数值解法，把计算过程归结为巨量的基本运算，从而奠定了现代计算机的数值算法基础。

The author discussed the effect of opacity on stellar evolution and concentrated on the mechanism of triggering blue loop by using Padova stellar model. It shows that extended mixing at the bottom of the convective envelope changed the interior hydrogen profile, which triggers or suppresses blue loop. Laboratory astrophysics, which is a cross subject of astrophysics and plasma physics, combines the demand of accurate data of radiative opacity with the latest advances in high intense lasers to devise the third independent method to study the radiative opacity. On the basis of the comparison between stellar material and laser-produced plasma in terrestrial laboratory, the desirable way to study opacity in laboratory and the brief introduction to the experiments relative to opacity are given.

本论文就开展辐射不透明度实验室研究的背景、内容和意义进行了介绍，并在对实验室的激光等离子体和天体环境下的恒星物质两者差异和相关性的认识基础上，论证了开展辐射不透明度实验室研究的可行性，而且对世界上正在开展的类似研究予以简要介绍，期望可以将天体物理领域对辐射不透明度数据可靠程度的质疑以及对其准确数值的广泛要求，与激光等离子体物理实验的最新进展相结合，推进辐射不透明度实验室研究，为辐射不透明度的研究开拓了继天文观测和理论计算的第三种独立的手段。

The color component of ir was the best for close operation while the other two color component (r+g and r+g+ir) would do a better performance on open operation. Finally, the results of these 3 color components for recognizing weed showed that ir was the best. So, as a conclusion, the color component of ir is best for recognizing weed based on computer vision. Also the operation process for recognizing weed was proposed.6. Supposed an idea on the variable spray mechanism of weedicide.

借助Matlab7.0.1软件对数值量ir和数值组合r+g、r+g+ir进行进一步的分析，在对ir、r+g、r+g+ir图像完成为了去除图像噪声而进行的中值滤波和二值化背景分割后，为消除特定图像细节进行二值形态学操作，通过分别对三个数值量和数值组合的开启和闭合操作结果的比较，发现处理后的数值量ir适合进行闭合操

Hence, the result of election in 2008 got unbalance between governability and proportionality. This article tends to measure the degree of disproportionality by Loosemore-Hanby index from 1992 to 2008 and tries to explain how disproportionality occurred from five dimensions－district magnitude, levels of seat allocation, threshold, number of total seats, and ballot structure.

本文的研究目的即是重拾对比例性的视野，透过Loosemore-Hanby D指数测量选制改革前后的比例性偏差程度，检视1992至2008年间比例性偏差数值的变化，并从五个面向－选区规模、席次分配、法定门槛、席次总数、选票结构－解释比例性偏差发生的原因，发现所有的选制设计皆不利於比例性，导致新选制的比例性偏差与旧制度产生极大的落差。

Main research works are as follows:(1) Numerical simulation of turbulent flow and combustion in power plant furnace (2) Numerical simulation of fire spread and crown fire in forest fire behave (3) Numerical simulation of burning process of large space building (4) Numerical simulation of three-dimensional fluid flow of satellite cabin in microgravity environment (5) Numerical simulation of burning process of multi-rooms It shows that the ability of FAC3 and FZ code is strong and the code is widely used for practical problems.

研究工作主要涉及以下几个方面：（1）电站煤粉锅炉流场的数值分析（2）林火行为中火蔓延和树冠火等特性的数值研究（3）大空间建筑火灾烟气流动过程的数值分析（4）微重力条件下卫星密封舱内部流场的数值分析（5）多室火灾过程的数值分析研究工作表明，FAC3和FZ程序的功能较强，通用性较好，可对多种热过程现象进行数值模拟，在一定程度上讲，即可用于科学研究，又可用于实际工程问题，并具有广泛的应用前景和推广价值。

Questions in this content area are based on basic operations using whole numbers, decimals, fractions, and integers; place value; square roots and approximations; the concept of exponents; scientific notation; factors; ratio, proportion, and percent; linear equations in one variable; absolute value and ordering numbers by value; elementary counting techniques and simple probability; data collection, representation, and interpretation; and understanding simple descriptive statistics.

这方面的考试内容包括实数、小数、分数和整数的基本运算；位值；平方根和近似值；指数的概念；科学记数法；项；比率，比例以及百分比；只有一个未知数的线性方程；绝对值和数值的排列；初级的计数技巧和简单的概率；数据的收集、整理与说明；并理解简单的描述性统计数据。

The comparasion of the theoretical counting result and experimental values is proved the correctness of this inference and relative counting method. This plays a guiding role in the study of medium refraction index, and material making in a particular field which has a special ...

通过理论计算和实验数值的对比表明，所推导出的结论及相关的计算方式是正确的，对介质折射率的研究和在特殊领域对折射率有一定要求的材料的制备具有一定的指导意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。