数值方法

A numerical simulation technique based on the stable alternating direction implicit method and the upper bound element technique is presented and applied to simulations of extrusion directly following liquid infiltration which involves infiltration,solidification, and large plastic deformation in one process.

采用稳定的交替方向隐式有限差分方法、上限元法等数值计算方法模拟了融浸渗、凝固和大塑性变形为一体的液态浸渗后直接挤压的工艺过程。

The computation of two-dimensional advection transport using current methods such as Alternating Direction Implicit Method and linear interpolation technique can be subject to numerical attenuation,parasite oscillation and poor reproduction of wave propagation when large time steps are used.

在概化的平面区域内，采用上述方法模拟了二维初始浓度高斯分布和水流激波在旋转速度场及均匀速度场上的对流输移问题，结果表明方法在优化幅值衰减和数值扰动以及计算效率方面具有相当的发展潜力和应用前景

With the aid of the Laplace transformation, an analytical solution for the motion of the plane standing wave in the presence of free surface charge is obtained. Moreover, the motion of the cylindrical standing wave in the presence of free surface charge is solved using semi-analytical method.

通过变换的方法，求得了平面驻波漏电介质模型解析形式的初值解，并用半解析半数值的方法求解了柱面驻波漏电介质模型的初值解。

Based on the laminate theory, a laminate weakened by damage is treated as an anisotropic thin plate. Using the complex potential method in the plane theory of elasticity of an anisotropic body, the series solution of finite anisotropic thin plate containing an elliptical inclusion is proposed with the help of Faber series. A hybrid element with an elliptical inclusion for anisotropic materials is obtained by using the hybrid variable principle, and the element efficiency is verified by numerical examples. The state of the damage is modeled by an elliptical soft inclusion, and using the point stress criterion based on characteristic curve and Yamada-Sun etc. criteria, the prediction of the strength of a composite laminate with damage is set up. The effects of various parameters on the stress distribution and the residual strength of a composite laminate weakened by damage are detailedly studied.

首先基于经典层板理论，将复合材料层板的弹性问题化归为均匀各向异性板来求解；采用各向异性体平面弹性理论中的复势方法，以Faber级数为工具，给出了有限大含椭圆核各向异性板弹性问题的级数解形式；利用杂交变分原理，成功导出含椭圆核各向异性板杂交应力有限元，并用算例验证了该单元的可行性和有效性；采用含刚度折减椭圆形弹性核的冲击损伤模型，引入基于特征曲线和Yamada-Sun破坏准则的点应力判据，建立了含损伤复合材料层板剩余强度的分析方法；通过数值计算详细讨论了各种几何参数对损伤层板应力分布、剩余强度的影响，得到了一系列对工程应用具有实用价值的结论。

Referring to related newly developed methods abroad,in the paper, the expressions of frequency domain apparent resistivity and its numerical calculating formulae of electromagnetic field of vertical magnetic dipole source for the surface of horizontally layered media have been obtained.

该文参考国外最新发展的方法，求取了水平层状介质表面上垂直磁偶极源电磁场的频域视电阻率表达式及其数值计算公式，并用自编程序计算了几种典型地电断面的视电阻率曲线，以说明这种方法的有效

Using this method, we will get the approximate solution of the fractional differential equations.

第三章在第二章的基础上把这个方法推广到更加复杂的分数阶微分方程，同样通过数值例子表明了该方法的高精度性和有效性。

Firstly, the isotropic difference templates were introduced to approximate the differential in the ADI-FDTD method, and the weighting coefficients of difference terms were determined for implementing isotropic numerical dispersion; Then the permittivity and permeability were adjusted manually to reduce the numerical dispersion error in any directions. Therefore the simulation accuracy and efficiency can be improved effectively for time domain problems with some finite bandwidths.

该方法在ADI-FDTD方法的差分近似微分中引入各向同性差分模板，并通过确定各向同性差分的加权系数来近似实现各向同性，然后人为修正空间的介质参数来减少各个方向上的数值色散误差，因此在模拟一定带宽的时域问题时可有效提高计算精度和计算效率。

First, in the composite hypothesis testing, circular dispersion error which is more practicable than horizontal and vertical error is used to discuss some problems of the dispersion of impact points; and the critical area of decision in the dispersion problem is analyzed; the specific expression of Bayesian risk is worked out, which ameliorates the method that only can get the approximate solution by calculating numerical integration.

由此，本文主要应用Bayes方法对以下几方面进行了探讨：首先，在复杂假设下，本文利用圆散布误差这一精度指标对落点散布鉴定问题进行研究，它比以往所用的纵、横向偏差精度指标更具现实意义；分析了此鉴定问题的决策临界区域；给出其Bayes风险的具体表达式，对用数值积分进行近似求解的方法进行了改进；在此基础上，通过极小化试验的风险确定最优试验数n，并讨论了决策中犯两类错误的概率，给出了验前信息的表示。

Meanwhile, as a numerical approximation method, calculation error of meshless method is inevitable, so the adaptive process is programmed.

同时，作为一种数值近似计算方法，无网格法的计算误差是不可避免的，因此引入自适应方法。

People have proposed many different control method to realize the chaos synchronization. This article has conducted the thorough research to the chaotic neural network, introduced the chaos neural network synchronization method. Based on the linear matrix inequality technology and Lyapunov stability theory, we have Studied the synchronized controller design method of the global synchronization, the non-linear global synchronization and the global exponential synchronization. Here we have proposed one kind of synchronization algorithm, through which might obtain the gain matrix quickly and automatize.

本文对混沌神经网络进行了深入的研究，介绍了混沌神经网络同步方法的发展及研究现状，基于线性矩阵不等式技术和李雅普诺夫稳定性理论，分别研究了全局同步、非线性全局同步和全局指数同步的同步控制器实现方法，提出了一种实现混沌神经网络同步的算法，通过该算法可以快速得到增益矩阵的形式，实现混沌系统的同步控制，数值仿真验证了算法的有效性。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。