数值方法

In this project, we develop the numerical model of the differential quadrature element analysis of beam problems considering the effects of shear deformations. The results demonstrate this method.

在这个计画中我们开发剪变形梁问题的数值积分表示微分元素分析的数值模式，并做数值计算，证明此种方法的优越性。

Therefore, it is necessary to test the computation results and further modify the computation method based on the comparison between the numerical solution of the linear or non-linear equations and the trial value or the computation results of typical cases.

所以，需依靠对非线性数学方程的数值实验及数值解与试验或典型算例结果的比较和物理特性分析，验证数值计算结果，进一步改进计算方法。

Based on modern optimization theory and optimal control theory, this dissertation studies some questions as follows:1. The optimization model of parameter identification of three-dimensional geologic history numerical simulation, algorithm and its applicationGeologic history numerical simulation is a basic content of basin numerical simulation, and the porosity is the major parameter in the evolution and development process of oil-bearing basin. According to the sedimentation and burial mechanism, the physical and chemical principles of oil geology, the mudstone porositys non-linear parabolic partial differential equation has been established.

本文应用现代最优化及最优控制理论，对如下一些问题进行了研究： 1、三维地史数值模拟的参数辨识优化模型、算法及应用地史模拟是盆地数值模拟的一个基础性的研究内容，地层孔隙度是含油气盆地地史演化发育过程中的重要参数，根据地层沉积埋藏机理和石油地质的物理化学原理，通过引入数学物理方程概念，建立了泥岩三维孔隙度场方程，根据问题的特点，给出了方程的定解条件，对方程的动边界也给出了处理方法，并且证明了解的存在性与惟一性，在此基础上建立了以当今实测数据为拟合准则的三维地史数值模拟的参数辨识优化模型，这是一个含有二阶偏微分方程约束的泛函极值问题。

Impsons Integration: In numerical analysis, Simpson s rule is a method for numerical integration, the numerical approximation of definite integrals.

pecifically：：辛普森整合：数值分析中，辛普森法则是一种方法，数值积分，数值逼近定积分。具体来说

To all project practicality, the introduction is given to the operational characteristics, the methods for calculation and the researching actuality of the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling underground hydropower stations the Three Gorges. This paper has discussed in detail the characteristic method being the same with the compressive flow and the Priessmann solution being the same with the free-surface-pressure flow. And how to deal with boundary conditions has been expatiated. Also hydraulic transient process of tremendous load fluctuation in the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling has been numerical simulated and the Fortran program for numerical simulation has been given. The paper gain the maximal press for tail end of the shell, the maximal rising rate of rotational speed of generating set, the maximal vacuum degree for inlet of the tail tunnels and so on under 11 kinds conditions of tremendous load fluctuation. These conditions include the design conditions, the check conditions and the superposition conditions. Finally, the computing results have been analyzed and summarized. The end chapter is the general comment of the whole-length content and the describing of the intending view of researching.

本文以三峡右岸地下电站尾水洞设计为背景，从工程实际出发，阐述了变顶高尾水洞的工作特性、使用范围及其研究现状；详细论述了适用有压流的特征线法、适用明满交替流的普里斯曼解法等数学模型；边界条件的给定和明满交替流的计算方法；用Fonran语言编制了数值计算程序，对三峡右岸地下电站变顶高尾水洞的大波动工况进行了数值模拟，分别得出了在设计工况、校核工况和叠加工况下蜗壳末端最大压力上升值、机组最大转速上升值和尾水管进口最大真空度等重要参数；对数值计算结果进行了详细分析并得出了有价值的结论；最后展望了今后水电站变顶高尾水洞的研究方向。

Analyzing the process in the paper, the hydromechanics model of the hydromechanical deep drawing is built up, and the method on the numerical simulation of the hydromechanical deep drawing is put forward, which is an effective approach to the numerical simulation.

本文通过对筒形件充液拉深工艺的分析，建立了接近实际的充液拉深流体力学模型。结合有限元数值模拟技术，提出了充液拉深流体压力行为在数值模拟分析中的实现方法，为充液拉深有限元数值模拟提供有效途径。

In order to check the correctness and reliability of direct numerical simulation of the three-dimensional turbulence with the moderate or low flow Reynolds number, this paper adopts the pseudospectral method to direct numerically simulate the three-dimensional plane mixing layer.

为了验证直接数值模拟三维中低流动雷诺数湍流的正确性和可靠性，该文采用拟谱方法对三维平面混合层流场进行了直接数值模拟，并将数值模拟得到的结果与 Lasheras 等的平面混合层经典实验结果进行了对比。

There are profound study on the internal heat and mass transfer of cooling tower in unwindy weather at present.

在目前冷却塔数值研究的基础上，本文以逆流湿式自然通风冷却塔为研究对象，建立冷却塔内外空气流动和传热传质的数学和物理模型，并运用数值计算方法对冷却塔进风口附近的流场进行了数值模拟。

Secondly, based on the abstract and assignment decomposition of the entities included in the URWE, the Agent model of the URWE entities such as pollutionenterprise、 governor and water body was built, and combined with the theory of drainage basin water pollution control and decision-making, the assignment allotment and frame design of the Agent included in the URWE was made in detail, the theory foundation was established to achieve the URWEIDSS based on Agent.

再次，分析了现有城市河流水质数值仿真所存在的不足，提出了基于Agent的城市河流水质数值仿真模型，并基于这种城市河流水质数值仿真模型，提出了采用模块化、拖拉式的方式进行城市河流水质仿真的方法。

The approach converts linguistic variables and calculates the basic utility assignment value of each focal element. The values are integrated according to Dempsters rule of combination. Alternatives are then ranked by comparing the values of belief function and plausibility function. The last chapter summarizes all the work of this paper, and gives some useful suggestions for future research.

该方法首先首先对多个专家给出的不同语言变量进行转化处理；然后计算各焦元的基本概率分配函数值，最后通过Dempster合成法则对其值进行合成，依据合成后的信度函数值和似真函数值对方案进行排序。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。