数值方法

Aimed at the calculation complexity of Newton iterative method for solving nonlinear equation,a new iterative method with higher convergence rate and without derivative calculation is presented in this paper.Its convergence rate p is 1.839 and it doesn't need to calculate derivative.

为解决Newton迭代法求非线性方程数值解时必须提供一阶导数值的问题，提出了一个新的迭代方法，该方法不需提供导数值而只需计算函数值，且具有p=1.839的收敛阶，因而是一个收敛速度快且不需要计算导数值的迭代方法。

The objective of this study is aimed at the implementation of parallelized numerical quadrature routines. The algorithm we choose for numerical quadrature routines is the so called "Adaptive Romberg Tree integration scheme"(abbr."ARTint") proposed by Lin et. al.[1997]. This numerical quadrature scheme can arrange the function evaluation points adaptively in accordance with characteristic of the trend of variation in integrand function values. When the accuracy of the numerical quadrature value is requested to be increased, a newer and larger set of function evaluation points must be incurred. The main advantage of ARTint method is the inclusion of all function evaluation points used in previous stages. It is this feature of ARTint method that makes it a quadratue scheme with prominent computation efficiency.

本研究在探讨数值积分程式之平行化，所使用的演算法为林聪悟与林佳慧[1997]一书所提出的「Romberg树自动布点数值积分」架构，此一数值积分方法能以适应被积函数值变化情形方式自动安排积分点来进行数值求积计算，在提高阶数以获得更高精度积分值的过程中，此一方法只须再计算新增加积分点的函数值，搭配先前已计算过的函数值的重覆运用即可获得更精确的数值积分估计值，如此将能减少升阶过程中函数求值计算的次数，有效率地完成单重积分的数值计算。

The method of CFD numerical simulation is employed to replace experimental investigation. Hence, STAR-CD of the commercial software is used to simulate the outer flow field and heat transfer performance of integrated heat sink with heat pipes cooled by airflow. It is found that simulated results agree with experimental results well, which indicates that simulation method is reasonable and reliable. Further, simulated computations for different fin thickness, fin pitches and air velocities are performed to analyze their effects on heat transfer performance of heat sink. Finally, a new optimized structure of integrated heat sink with heat pipes is provided to meet future demands for cooling CPU and its heat transfer is also evaluated. For multi-heat source and higher dissipation power of electronic devices, the integrated heat sink with heat pipes attatched fins stagged in different positions of channels is presented and its flow and temperature fields are also simulated to enhance heat transfer. As a conclusion, all mentioned above are useful for the design of heat sink with excellent efficiency of heat dissipation and further research.

应用商业软件Star-CD对CPU集成热管散热器的外部流场和传热特性进行了数值模拟，将数值模拟结果和试验结果对比，验证了所提出的数值计算方法是可靠和可行的；利用此数值模拟方法对CPU集成热管散热器在不同散热翅片间距、厚度和气流速度下散热器的流动与传热性能进行了数值计算，分析了这些参数的变化对散热器传热性能的影响；针对未来CPU冷却的要求，确定了与最优气体流速匹配的最佳翅片间距、厚度的CPU集成热管散热器的新结构；利用试验评测了根据数值模拟提供的新结构开发出的新CPU集成热管散热器的传热性能；最后在场协同强化传热的理论的基础上，对CPU集成热管散热器的散热翅片错位排列来强化散热器的散热，满足未来大功率、多热源的电子元件的散热，为今后进一步优化散热器提供了依据。

This enriched and developed the basic thought of numerical theory, resolved the bottleneck problem that astricts the development of numerical value analysis method, open up a new field for the geomechanic engineering application of 3-D network and numerical value analysis method, it's an available and essential attempt, it's also a necessary trend of numeric times development.

10通过岩体三维节理网络模拟，建立岩体结构的概化模型，基于数值法对岩体进行大量的&数值模拟试验&，获取岩体变形参数，丰富并拓展了数值模拟理论的基本思想，解决了选择岩体参数这一束缚数值分析方法发展的瓶颈问题，为数值分析方法和三维节理网络在岩土工程实践中的应用拓展了一片新的天地，是一种有益而且非常必要的尝试，也是数字时代发展的必然趋势，具有一定的理论意义和应用价值。

The author presented an accurate numerical method to inspect the undercut and interference of hypoid gear tooth. The author also designed a set of software for the geometry design, analysis and emulation of hypoid gear drives.

提出了根切和齿顶干涉检验的准确数值方法，完成了HFT法加工准双曲面齿轮的完整几何设计、分析和仿真软件，为提高准双曲面齿轮的质量提供了途径。

It covers all areas of introductory numerical methods and emphasizes techniques of programming in FORTRAN 77, and developing subprograms using FORTRAN functions and subroutines.

它包括介绍各个领域的数值方法，并强调在FORTRAN 77的编程技术，使用和发展子程序Fortran的功能和子程序。

In this paper, the mechanisms of the generation, migration and production for coal seam gas are researched and the geological model for coal seam gas reservoir simulation is presented, according to the theories and methods of coal seam gas geology, petroleum geology and dynamic of fluids through porous media. A three-dimensional, dual-porosity, two-phase, pseudo-steady, non-equilibrium sorption mathematical model is established with the help of petroleum reservoir numerical simulation method. After that, this complex mathematical mode is approximated and solved by finite-difference and fully implicit methods. Coal Seam Gas Reservoir Simulation software in 1. 0 version (CSGRS 1. 0) with Chinese interface of pre-and post-processing function is developed.

本文应用煤层气地质学、石油天然气地质学和渗流力学等学科的理论和方法，研究了煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，建立了描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气-水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；详细推导出了该数学模型的全隐式求解方法；并借助计算机技术开发了具有中文操作界面的煤层气储层数值模拟软件CSGRS 1.0，实现了这一复杂数学模型的数值求解。

Considering the fuel salt flow effect of the molten salt reactor, the neutron dynamic model was derived based on the particle conservation equations, and the critical problem was calculated by numerical method under three working conditions to study the flow effect to effective multiplication factor, fast neutron, thermal neutron and delayed neutron precursors distribution.

考虑新概念熔盐堆燃料盐的流动特性，从基本的粒子守恒方程出发，推导了熔盐堆的中子动力学模型，并采用数值方法对3种工况下熔盐堆的临界问题进行计算，考察流动对有效增殖系数、快中子分布、热中子分布及缓发中子先驱核分布的影响。

In chapter 2, we present the numerical schemes for resolving Shallow Water Equations on structured and unstructured meshes, such as Godunov and composite schemes.

第二章介绍了结构网格上和非结构网格上解浅水波方程的数值方法，详细介绍了具有代表性的求解浅水波方程的Godunov型有限体积格式和复合有限体积格式。

The Finite Element Method (third, fourth and fifth edition),O.C.

有限元法基本原理和数值方法，王勖成，清华大学出版社，2003。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。