数值方法

To know the stability of the bridge foundation in the course of construction and running, this paper sums up the numerical methods and monitoring artifices with which to analyze the stability of foundation.

为了掌握大型桥梁地基基础在施工期与运营期的稳定性，本文研究了稳定性分析的主要数值方法和监测手段。

This current is extra high and exceeds the permitted value of 10 % error curve of protection current transformer.It will affect the performance of relevant protection equipment.

文中以n次曲线模拟TA铁心饱和时的非线性磁化曲线，由此导出TA回路的非线性微分方程，并采用数值方法计算出在典型暂态短路电流作用下的TA二次电流波形。

A wall heat flux function was introduced to separate the numerical prediction of internal heat transfer in aircraft from that of thermal effects outside the skin.The thermal network method combined with the Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the internal heat transfer and the FLUENT code was employed to simulate the aerodynamic convection outside skin.

引入壁面热流函数，将蒙皮外部热环境与飞机内部换热进行解耦计算，采用热网络法与蒙特卡罗法进行飞机内部传热分析，利用FLUENT软件进行蒙皮外气动对流换热模拟，建立了飞机蒙皮瞬态温度场的数值方法。

First, the domestic and oversea research actualities of friction dynamic characteristics have been summaried, the manifestations and formings of these friction phenomena are discussed.

因此本课题基于摩擦实验研究，对摩擦特性进行分析，提出新的宏观经验模型结构，并给出相应的摩擦信号处理和参数识别过程，此外，运用数值方法对滑动导向系统的动力学特性进行了探讨。

Simultaneously, the exports of ionization rate and nonionzed concentration are set up as a powerful tool for studying thoroughly the freeze-out effect. dN〓/dp and dN〓/dn are neglected in the linearized equation system of the iteration methods of Newton and Gummel, due to having lower 15 orders or more than dN〓/dn and dN〓/dp, thus the computing effort is cut down with no effect on precision. A new cut-off technique is adopted to accelerate the convergence speed, about twice reduced for Newton iteration method and six times or so for Gummel iteration method. The approximate formulae of Fermi-Dirac statistics are also put forward with simpler form and higher precision. 3. A term dependent on time is added to the electron and hole current succession equations respectively. It is only this model that conservation of charge in transient analysis and alternating small-signal analysis at low temperature can be kept by. 4. The performance of SE-PISCES is explained by the simulation example of PISCES-2B, diode.

研究了低温半导体器件模拟的数值方法：对载流子浓度进行了新的归一化；编制了不考虑掺杂所引进的内建电场时的电离率计算程序；由于低温杂质电离率随偏压状态而变化，为此编制了每次求解迭代时的电离浓度计算程序，并将其插入到求解迭代程序中；同时，设置了杂质电离率和未电离杂质浓度的出口点，为更深入地研究冻析效应提供了有力工具；在Newton迭代法和Gummel迭代法的线性化方程组中忽略了dN〓/dp、dN〓/dn，是因为它们比dN〓/dn、dN〓/dp低15个数量级以上，这样减小了计算量又不影响模拟精度；对Newton迭代法和Gummel迭代法采取了新的截断技术，提高了收敛速度，Newton法迭代法和两次左右，Gummel法减少六次左右；给出了表达式更简单而精度更高的Fermi-Dirac积分近似计算公式。

The study focuses on transport phenomena of cathode gas diffusion layer of PEM fuel cell by using two-phase flow model. Liquid water saturation and oxygen concentration profile in gas diffusion layer and polarization curve are investigated by numerical simulations.

本研究主要探讨质子交换膜燃料电池阴极气体扩散层内的两相流传输现象，利用数值方法求解出燃料电池阴极气体扩散层内液态水饱和度分布、氧气浓度分布以及性能曲线。

On the other hand, the design optimization of heat conduction for engineering structures has wide range applications in practice.

本文主要研究了热传导—结构耦合系统的优化设计以及灵敏度分析的理论和数值方法，并且在大型有限元和结构优化软件系统JIFEX中成功实现相关的计算功能。

Numerical simulation of E. coli sigma32 of heat shock factor gene regulatory mechanism, and are in good agreement...

用数值方法模拟了E.coli中sigma32因子对热休克基因的调控机理，与文献吻合的很好。

At present, the common numerical methods are finite difference, finite element , boundary element, integration equation and transmission line method.

目前，解决这类问题的数值方法主要有有限差分法、有限元法、边界元法、积分方程法、传输线法等。

The linear boundary element method make boundary element into linear segment from linear interpolating function.

线性边界元法是在常数边界元法的基础上，从线性插值函数出发将边界单元按线性分布来进行处理的一种数值方法。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。