数值函数

Then a filled function method for the integer programming problem is proposed,which tries to find a better discrete local minimal solution of the problem by minimizing a filled function.

该方法通过寻找填充函数的离散局部极小解以期找到整数规划问题的比当前离散局部极小解好的解。该文的算法是直接法，数值试验表明算法是有效的。

Then the explicit expression of it under exponential claims and the differential equation are obtained.Thus we discuss the effects of credit and debit interests on it through data analysis. Through the research of the mean,the moment generating function and the higher moments of discounted aggregate dividend payments,we discuss the optimal dividend payments problems.

而对于Gerber-Shiu函数的研究，则是通过随机过程及随机微分方程的知识得到它满足的积分-微分方程及边值问题，然后得到了它在指数索赔下的明确表达式以及Erlang(2)索赔下满足的微分方程，并通过数值分析得到贷款利息及存款利息对它的影响。

In modeling heavy tails,we focus on multivariate t distributions and derive the moment generating function of the quadratic approximation.Then we use Fourier transform,Chebychev's Inequality and numerical technique inversion to approximate VaR value of portfolio,compared with Cornish-Fisher Expansions normal model and Delta-Normal model.

在推导出多个外汇期权的投资组合的二次近拟的矩母函数表达式基础上，本文使用傅里叶变换、切比雪夫不等式、数值转换计算求出投资组合的VaR的值，并和基于多元正态分布Cornish-Fisher模型以及基于Delta-正态模型计算所得的VaR值了进行比较。

In Chapter 2, a nonmonotone trust region method with a line search technique is presented. Unlike traditional trust region methods, our method does not restrict a monotonic decrease of the objective function value at each iteration, but only requires an average of the successive objective function values decreasing.

第二章，我们提出了一类带线搜索的非单调信赖域算法，与传统的信赖域方法不同的是：我们的算法不要求目标函数值在每一步都有充分下降，而是要求目标函数的连续平均值充分下降。

In view of this, this paper set up a neoteric moving boundary model with Stefan condition and adopt moving border analog-tracing methods-Volume of Fluids function methods solve the model.

鉴于此，本文建立了一个新型的动边界模型，并采用比较新颖的动边界模拟追踪法——流体体积函数法进行数值解。

A new flux expansion nodal method was developed to solve three-dimensional multigroup neutron diffusion equations in hexagonal-z geometry. The method expands the intranodal homogeneous flux distributions in analytic basis functions for each energy group.

提出了一种在三维六角形几何节块内数值求解多群中子扩散方程的节块法，该方法把节块内各群中子通量分布用解析基函数近似展开。

Numerical migration for typical models show that, in contrast to ray method, prestack wave motion migration can correctly image inhomogeneous media, and suppress multiple reflection wave effectively.

典型的介质模型数值分析表明，与射线方法相比，接收函数的波动方程叠前偏移能对横向非均匀介质准确成像，不仅有较高的分辨率，而且对多次波有较明显的压制作用。

To couple the method with FEM,discrete nodal line is introduced,and applied toSDTFM.With a similar process as SNDTFM,we can deduce a refined SNDTFM.

为适应复杂区域问题的求解，本文提出了离散结线的概念，将其应用到条形数值分布传递函数方法中，实现了与有限元方法的分区耦合。

The displacement of each strip is interpolated in nodal line displacements.Then the problem is east into ODLS problem by variational principle,and solved byNDTFM.

将位移离散模型代入问题的变分关系中，通过积分、变分等过程将问题转化为一个一维问题，这样就可以应用数值传递函数求解。

Our analysis framework relies on the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation approach.We characterize the value functions of the noncallable bonds in terms of the reflected Backward Stochastic Differential equation,Then the relationship between the value function of convertible bonds and reflected backward stochastic differential equations with single reflect is built at the same time,and provide the optimal conversion strategy for bondholders.2:We get the value of non-callable convertible bonds by numerical methods.

探讨了可转换债券的最优停时价值与带反射边界倒向随机微分方程解的关系，在市场完备，公司价值只包括股权和可转债这两种权益等各种假定下，给出不可赎回可转换债券的价值函数，证明了不可赎回可转换债券的最优停时问题的解是存在的，同时给出了其最优的转换策略。2：通过数值方法求解不可赎回可转换债券的价值。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。