数值函数

As the main part of this thesis, based on RSJ model, a symmetric DC SQUID is theoretically studied through two-dimensional Fokker-Planck equations, by using the "potential condition" in the case of steady state, the stationary probability distribution function of this system is obtained firstly in the accurate theory, meanwhile, the expressions of all the SQUID characteristics functions are obtained, for example, the circulating current, total normalized voltage and transfer function.

作为本论文的主体工作，我们以RSJ模型为基础，利用二维Fokker—Planck方程从理论上研究了对称型双结超导量子干涉器件，利用定态条件下的"势条件"得到了系统定态概率分布的精确解析表达式，进而得到了该系统所有特性函数如环路电流、总电压、调制函数的统计表达式，利用数值计算讨论了各种参数对DC SoL71D系统特性的影响。

On the one hand, the linear interpolation in plane makes it easy to separate the three-dimensional null subspace corresponding to rigid body motions, hence what is left to do is just to compute the inverse of a symmetric definite submatrix numerically.

在物理坐标系中的线性插值函数便于将三个刚体模式分离出来，从而只需计算对称正定子阵的逆，避免了求广义逆的数值困难；在参考坐标系中的高阶插值函数则可保持原平面弹性单元的列式方式。

We also introduce a control function, prove the global convergence, and prove the local superlinear convergence under some conditions. Then we propose another new algorithm by using an existed approximation functions, which has the same characters as the first algorithms does. Finally, the result of the numerical experiments indicates the efficiency of the first algorithm. The paper contains four parts.

本文还引入了新的控制函数，并证明了算法具有全局收敛性和在一定的条件下具有局部超线性收敛性；然后，在第一个算法的基础上，本文利用已有的光滑逼近函数提出了另外一个新的算法，通过适当参数选取，证明了新的算法具有与第一个算法同样良好的收敛性质；最后，通过数值计算说明了算法的高效性。

This region of support values shape function is shape function is not zero in the region ...

这种数值形函数的支撑域是指形函数不为零的区域，。。。

And each symmetric function can be written into a linear combination of homogeneous symmetric functions.

这样，就可以把一个n元对称布尔函数转化为一个n+1维向量v_f =v_f (0， v_f (1)，…， v_f，其中v_f表示重量为i的函数值， 0≤i≤n，此向量v_f称为对称函数f的向量值，极大地减少了对存储空间的需求，并且在软件应用中发挥着重要作用。

Further I make use of the conclusion to solve a storage problem, get an optimal control policy between storage and need, and give the corresponding numerical results.And we also discuss the key word that dissolve this kind of problem: the construct and analysis of variational equation.

本论文的主要工作时对原问题的费用函数进行了扩展，使其归结到一类更广泛的函数上去，从而拓宽了其应用；并且将得出的结论引入存储问题，得到储量与需求间平衡的最佳效益模型的最优控制策略，并给出相应的数值结果。

In theory, firstly, the numerical simulation methods, such as the boundary element method, the finite difference method and the finite element method, were utilized to calculate the distribution of electric field intensity and potential of the electron-gun system, the focusing system and the whole equipment, respectively. Then, the trajectories of the electron-beam were traced by using of the Runge-Kutta method and the Monte-Carlo method associatively. The point spread function was also calculated.

在理论分析中，先后采用边界元方法、差分方法、有限元方法等科学数值计算方法，编制程序，对X射线源的电子枪发射系统、聚焦系统以及发射系统与聚焦系统的组合系统等的电场分布进行了严格的计算，在准确求得各系统电场内各个剖分点的电场场强、偏导数等参量的基础上，采用蒙特-卡罗模拟方法和不等距龙格-库塔方法相结合，追踪由LaB_6单晶阴极表面发射出的大量电子束在电场内的运动轨迹，求出点扩展函数，并根据点扩展函数的优劣，反复调节、大量计算对比，挑选出X射线源最佳的电极结构及其组合。

According the experiential formulas of headbox to design the stepped diffuser headbox's geometry parameters. Supposing Paper suspension flow as potential flow and basing on hydrokinetic and computational fluid dynamics theories, we can solve the elliptoid partial differential equations which are followed by the flow functions and the potential functions by finite element method and simulate the flow's speed distribution with pde toolbox of matlab software. The simulate results and the flow analysis have good precision.

按照流浆箱的经验设计公式，设计阶梯扩散式流浆箱的各组件几何参数，以流体动力学、计算流体力学等理论为基础，假定浆流的流动为势流，采用有限元法求解浆流流动时其流函数和速度势函数所符合的椭圆型偏微分方程，应用matlab软件的偏微分方程工具包pde toolbox，模拟出所设计的流浆箱各组件内的浆流的流场流速分布，模拟结果与数值计算流动分析结果吻合。

Macros were introduced to simplify the process of writing the function calls for the user: more convenient and mnemonically significant words can be used instead of the numerical values of parameters of some functions.

巨集是为了使用者来简化撰写函数过程：更方便和有助记忆重要字可替代一些函数参数的数值。同样地也适用在颜色的名称。

The multiresolution time-domain algorithm based on the scaling function of the Daubechies wavelet is introduced, and the perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition for the algorithm is deduced. In order to overcome the difficulties due to the nonlocalized property of the MRTD basis functions, the pure scattered-field formulation is adopted. The method presented is applied to the scattering analysis of multiple conducting objects, and the numerical results are compared with those by the traditional finite-difference time-domain method. It is shown that the computational resource is reduced drastically without sacrificing much accuracy.

对基于Daubechies小波尺度函数的时域多分辨分析算法进行了详细论述，推导了MRTD算法的完全匹配层吸收边界条件，为克服传统MRTD方法中基函数存在着非局部性的缺点，在源的加入上采用了纯散射场方法；并应用该算法对多目标的电磁散射特性进行了分析，数值结果表明，MRTD算法与传统的时域有限差分法结果相吻合，大大节约了计算资源。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。